Explanipedia

A structured approach to prebriefing in nursing simulation education: Setting the stage for effective learning Open

Kathy Roth, Susanne J. Phillips, Norma R. Kelly, Stephen E. Ralph · 2025

Power division multiplexing scheme for diverse-origin, dual polarization optical communication links Open

Meredith Caveney, Alex Kaylor, Prankush Agarwal, Stephen E. Ralph · 2025

We numerically simulate and experimentally demonstrate a power division multiplexing scheme for asynchronous, dual polarization signaling in a digital coherent receiver. This shared spectrum scheme supports a secondary signal with a bounde…

Photonics in Space: Radiation Impacts to Optical Link Design Open

Michael T. Hoff, Stephen E. Ralph, Rick C. Stevens · 2025

The increasing reliance on photonic technologies for aerospace communication systems necessitates a deeper understanding of their behavior in space radiation environments. This paper investigates the radiation impacts on both analog and di…

Unifying and accelerating level-set and density-based topology optimization by subpixel-smoothed projection Open

Alec M. Hammond, Ardavan Oskooi, Ian M. Hammond, Mo Chen, Stephen E. Ralph , et al. · 2025

We introduce a “subpixel-smoothed projection” (SSP) formulation for differentiable binarization in topology optimization (TopOpt) as a drop-in replacement for previous projection schemes, which suffer from near-non-differentiability and sl…

Integrated Photonic Topology Optimization with Nonvertical Sidewall Profiles: Applications in Lithium Niobate and Silicon Open

Michael J. Probst, Jacob M. Hiesener, Archana Kaushalram, Stephen E. Ralph · 2025

We enable density-based topology optimization (TO) to design integrated photonic devices featuring nonvertical sidewall profiles. Specifically, we demonstrate TO for fabrication processes with slanted sidewalls which are often used to enha…

An Optical and mm-Wave Converged, Dual-Band, Multi-Beam Rotman Lens Antenna Array System Enabling Simplified Designs of B5G/mmW Base Stations for Ultra Dense Wireless Networks Open

Lauryn Smith, Charles A. Lynch, C. Alex Kaylor, Luis A. Campos, Lin Cheng , et al. · 2025

With the exponential demand for additional capacity, ultra-dense wireless networks (UDNs) have become an interesting area of study. One of the major challenges in UDN deployment is the complexity and cost of the base stations, which affect…

Inverse-Designed Tapers for Compact Conversion Between Single-Mode and Wide Waveguides Open

Michael J. Probst, Arjun Khurana, Archana Kaushalram, Stephen E. Ralph · 2024

Waveguide tapers are critical components for leveraging the benefits of both single-mode and wide waveguides. Adiabatic tapers are typically hundreds of microns in length, dramatically limiting density and scalability. We reenvision the ta…

Fabrication tolerant multi-layer integrated photonic topology optimization Open

Michael J. Probst, Arjun Khurana, Joel B. Slaby, Alec M. Hammond, Stephen E. Ralph · 2024

Optimal multi-layer device design requires consideration of fabrication uncertainties associated with inter-layer alignment and conformal layering. We present layer-restricted topology optimization (TO), which we believe to be a novel tech…

IEEE Journal of Quantum Electronics publication information Open

T. D. Clark, Roland Ryf, A Helmy, Elaine Wong, Peter D. Dragic , et al. · 2024

IEEE Photonics Technology Letters publication information Open

Thomas R. Clark, Roland Ryf, A Helmy, Eric W. M. Wong, Peter D. Dragic , et al. · 2024

Fabrication Tolerant Multi-Layer Integrated Photonic Topology Optimization Open

Michael J. Probst, Arjun Khurana, Joel B. Slaby, Alec M. Hammond, Stephen E. Ralph · 2024

Optimal multi-layer device design requires consideration of fabrication uncertainties associated with inter-layer alignment and conformal layering. We present layer-restricted topology optimization (TO), a novel technique which mitigates t…

IEEE Photonics Technology Letters publication information Open

Thomas R. Clark, Roland Ryf, A Helmy, Eric W. M. Wong, Peter D. Dragic , et al. · 2024

IEEE Photonics Technology Letters publication information Open

Thomas R. Clark, Roland Ryf, A Helmy, E Wong, Peter D. Dragic , et al. · 2024