Stephen R. Welch
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View article: Inactivation of Ebola, Nipah, and Lassa viruses in tissue using neutral buffered formalin, MagMAX lysis/binding solution, or TriPure isolation reagent
Inactivation of Ebola, Nipah, and Lassa viruses in tissue using neutral buffered formalin, MagMAX lysis/binding solution, or TriPure isolation reagent Open
Samples known or suspected to be infected with high-consequence viruses such as Ebola, Nipah, and Lassa must be handled under high biocontainment. Studies involving animal infections with these pathogens can generate tissues that require d…
View article: Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus localization and shedding in the reproductive tract of lethal and survivor mouse models
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus localization and shedding in the reproductive tract of lethal and survivor mouse models Open
Hemorrhagic fever viruses have been shown to localize to immune-privileged sites, including the reproductive tract, raising important questions about long-term persistence and the potential for sexual transmission. Anecdotal evidence of se…
View article: Natural History of Nipah Virus in Hamsters: Strain, Route, and Sex-Associated Variability Characterized Using Large Datasets to Inform Pre-Clinical Study Design
Natural History of Nipah Virus in Hamsters: Strain, Route, and Sex-Associated Variability Characterized Using Large Datasets to Inform Pre-Clinical Study Design Open
Nipah virus (NiV) comprises two strains, Malaysia and Bangladesh, associated with severe respiratory and/or neurological disease in humans. Experimentally infected Syrian hamsters demonstrate the full spectrum of clinical signs reported in…
View article: Henipaviruses: epidemiology, ecology, disease, and the development of vaccines and therapeutics
Henipaviruses: epidemiology, ecology, disease, and the development of vaccines and therapeutics Open
SUMMARY Henipaviruses were first identified 30 years ago and have since been associated with over 30 outbreaks of disease in humans. Highly pathogenic henipaviruses include Hendra virus (HeV) and Nipah virus (NiV), classified as biosafety …
View article: Inflammation associated with monocyte/macrophage activation and recruitment corresponds with lethal outcome in a mouse model of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever
Inflammation associated with monocyte/macrophage activation and recruitment corresponds with lethal outcome in a mouse model of Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever Open
Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) causes human disease ranging from subclinical to a fatal haemorrhagic syndrome. Determinants of CCHF pathogenesis are largely unknown and animal models that recapitulate human disease are limi…
View article: Replicon particle vaccination induces non-neutralizing anti-nucleoprotein antibody-mediated control of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus
Replicon particle vaccination induces non-neutralizing anti-nucleoprotein antibody-mediated control of Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus Open
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV) can cause severe human disease and is considered a WHO priority pathogen due to the lack of efficacious vaccines and antivirals. A CCHF virus replicon particle (VRP) has previously shown protec…
View article: Effect of Adopting a Timothy Hay–based Diet at Weaning or in Adulthood on Urinary Tract Parameters in Strain 13/N Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus)
Effect of Adopting a Timothy Hay–based Diet at Weaning or in Adulthood on Urinary Tract Parameters in Strain 13/N Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) Open
Type of feed is an important consideration in herbivore colony management, yet limited studies report on the effects of diet on common conditions such as urolithiasis in guinea pigs. Urolithiasis is a well-documented cause of lower urinary…
View article: Characterization of Humoral Responses to Nipah Virus Infection in the Syrian Hamster Model of Disease
Characterization of Humoral Responses to Nipah Virus Infection in the Syrian Hamster Model of Disease Open
Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus. The Syrian hamster model recapitulates key features of human NiV disease and is a critical tool for evaluating antivirals and vaccines. Here we describe longitudinal humoral immune re…
View article: Optimal reference genes for RNA tissue analysis in small animal models of hemorrhagic fever viruses
Optimal reference genes for RNA tissue analysis in small animal models of hemorrhagic fever viruses Open
Reverse-transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction assays are frequently used to evaluate gene expression in animal model studies. Data analyses depend on normalization using a suitable reference gene (RG) to minimize effects of …
View article: Vaccination with the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus viral replicon vaccine induces NP-based T-cell activation and antibodies possessing Fc-mediated effector functions
Vaccination with the Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus viral replicon vaccine induces NP-based T-cell activation and antibodies possessing Fc-mediated effector functions Open
Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever virus (CCHFV; family Nairoviridae ) is a tick-borne pathogen that frequently causes lethal disease in humans. CCHFV has a wide geographic distribution, and cases have been reported in Africa, Asia, the Middl…
View article: Single-dose mucosal replicon-particle vaccine protects against lethal Nipah virus infection up to 3 days after vaccination
Single-dose mucosal replicon-particle vaccine protects against lethal Nipah virus infection up to 3 days after vaccination Open
Nipah virus (NiV) causes a highly lethal disease in humans who present with acute respiratory or neurological signs. No vaccines against NiV have been approved to date. Here, we report on the clinical impact of a novel NiV-derived nonsprea…
View article: Development of a neutralization assay using a vesicular stomatitis virus expressing Nipah virus glycoprotein and a fluorescent protein
Development of a neutralization assay using a vesicular stomatitis virus expressing Nipah virus glycoprotein and a fluorescent protein Open
Nipah virus (NiV) is a highly pathogenic paramyxovirus with a high case fatality rate. Due to its high pathogenicity, pandemic potential, and lack of therapeutics or approved vaccines, its study requires biosafety level 4 (BSL4) containmen…
View article: Fluorescent and Bioluminescent Reporter Mouse-Adapted Ebola Viruses Maintain Pathogenicity and Can Be Visualized in Vivo
Fluorescent and Bioluminescent Reporter Mouse-Adapted Ebola Viruses Maintain Pathogenicity and Can Be Visualized in Vivo Open
Ebola virus (EBOV) causes lethal disease in humans but not in mice. Here, we generated recombinant mouse-adapted (MA) EBOVs, including 1 based on the previously reported serially adapted strain (rMA-EBOV), along with single-reporter rMA-EB…
View article: Effect of Parental Age, Parity, and Pairing Approach on Reproduction in Strain 13/N Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus)
Effect of Parental Age, Parity, and Pairing Approach on Reproduction in Strain 13/N Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) Open
Guinea pigs are important animal models for human disease, and both outbred and inbred lines are utilized in biomedical research. The optimal maintenance of guinea pig colonies, commercially and in research settings, relies on robust infor…
View article: 1470. Human monoclonal antibodies for the treatment and prevention of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever
1470. Human monoclonal antibodies for the treatment and prevention of Crimean Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Open
Background Crimean-Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is the most widely spread viral hemorrhagic disease, found in Europe, Asia, and Africa. The disease symptoms start and progress rapidly and can lead to bruising and bleeding, with high fata…
View article: Structural Characterization of Protective Non-Neutralizing Antibodies targeting Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus
Structural Characterization of Protective Non-Neutralizing Antibodies targeting Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus Open
Crimean-Congo Hemorrhagic Fever Virus (CCHFV) causes a life-threatening disease with up to a 40% mortality rate. With no approved medical countermeasures, CCHFV is considered a public health priority agent. The non-neutralizing mouse monoc…