Susan L. Baldwin
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View article: Characterizing TLR4 agonist EmT4™ as an anti-<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> vaccine adjuvant
Characterizing TLR4 agonist EmT4™ as an anti-<i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> vaccine adjuvant Open
Tuberculosis (TB) is again the deadliest infectious disease globally, and more efficacious vaccines are needed to reduce this mortality. Successful subunit TB vaccines need antigens and adjuvants that are immunogenic, inexpensive, and acce…
View article: Assessment of tuberculosis drug efficacy using preclinical animal models and in vitro predictive techniques
Assessment of tuberculosis drug efficacy using preclinical animal models and in vitro predictive techniques Open
Tuberculosis (TB) killed approximately 1.3 million people in 2022 and remains a leading cause of death from the bacteria Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb); this number of deaths was surpassed only by COVID-19, caused by the SARS-CoV-2 viru…
View article: Backtranslation of human RNA biosignatures of tuberculosis disease risk into the preclinical pipeline is condition dependent
Backtranslation of human RNA biosignatures of tuberculosis disease risk into the preclinical pipeline is condition dependent Open
It is unclear whether human progression to active tuberculosis disease (TB) risk signatures are viable endpoint criteria for evaluations of treatments in development. TB is the deadliest infectious disease globally and more efficacious vac…
View article: Understanding the development of tuberculous granulomas: insights into host protection and pathogenesis, a review in humans and animals
Understanding the development of tuberculous granulomas: insights into host protection and pathogenesis, a review in humans and animals Open
Granulomas, organized aggregates of immune cells which form in response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( Mtb ), are characteristic but not exclusive of tuberculosis (TB). Despite existing investigations on TB granulomas, the determinants th…
View article: The chosen few: Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates for IMPAc-TB
The chosen few: Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates for IMPAc-TB Open
The three programs that make up the Immune Mechanisms of Protection Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Centers (IMPAc-TB) had to prioritize and select strains to be leveraged for this work. The CASCADE team based at Seattle Children’s Rese…
View article: The chosen few: Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates for IMPAc-TB
The chosen few: Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolates for IMPAc-TB Open
The three programs that make up the Immune Mechanisms of Protection Against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Centers (IMPAc-TB) had to prioritize and select strains to be leveraged for this work. The CASCADE team based at Seattle Children’s Rese…
View article: Mucosal BCG delivery provides a spectrum of protection from different Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains across susceptible and resistant mouse backgrounds
Mucosal BCG delivery provides a spectrum of protection from different Mycobacterium tuberculosis strains across susceptible and resistant mouse backgrounds Open
Mycobacterium bovis Bacille Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the sole globally licensed vaccine against tuberculosis despite its relatively moderate protection of acute disease through adolescence. We hypothesize that vaccine efficacy from a mucos…
View article: Antibodies as key mediators of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Antibodies as key mediators of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Open
Tuberculosis (TB) is caused by infection with the bacterial pathogen Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) in the respiratory tract. There was an estimated 10.6 million people newly diagnosed with TB, and there were approximately 1.3 million d…
View article: Backtranslation of human RNA biosignatures of tuberculosis disease risk into the preclinical pipeline is condition dependent
Backtranslation of human RNA biosignatures of tuberculosis disease risk into the preclinical pipeline is condition dependent Open
It is not clear whether human progression to active tuberculosis disease (TB) risk signatures are viable endpoint criteria for evaluations of treatments in clinical or preclinical development. TB is the deadliest infectious disease globall…
View article: Protective interplay: Mycobacterium tuberculosis diminishes SARS-CoV-2 severity through innate immune priming
Protective interplay: Mycobacterium tuberculosis diminishes SARS-CoV-2 severity through innate immune priming Open
At the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic those with underlying chronic lung conditions, including tuberculosis (TB), were hypothesized to be at higher risk of severe COVID-19 disease. However, there is inconclusive clinical and preclinica…
View article: Safety and Immunogenicity of the ID93 + GLA-SE Tuberculosis Vaccine in BCG-Vaccinated Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2 Trial
Safety and Immunogenicity of the ID93 + GLA-SE Tuberculosis Vaccine in BCG-Vaccinated Healthy Adults: A Randomized, Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Phase 2 Trial Open
View article: Preparation Strategies of the Anti-Mycobacterial Drug Bedaquiline for Intrapulmonary Routes of Administration
Preparation Strategies of the Anti-Mycobacterial Drug Bedaquiline for Intrapulmonary Routes of Administration Open
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb) has infected one-quarter of the world’s population and led to the deaths of 1.6 million individuals in 2021 according to estimates from the World Health Organization. The rise in prevalence of multidrug-re…
View article: Tuberculosis vaccines update: Is an RNA-based vaccine feasible for tuberculosis?
Tuberculosis vaccines update: Is an RNA-based vaccine feasible for tuberculosis? Open
View article: An RNA-Based Vaccine Platform for Use against Mycobacterium tuberculosis
An RNA-Based Vaccine Platform for Use against Mycobacterium tuberculosis Open
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (M.tb), a bacterial pathogen that causes tuberculosis disease (TB), exerts an extensive burden on global health. The complex nature of M.tb, coupled with different TB disease stages, has made identifying immune c…
View article: SARS-CoV-2 infection and immune responses
SARS-CoV-2 infection and immune responses Open
The recent pandemic caused by the SARS-CoV-2 virus continues to be an enormous global challenge faced by the healthcare sector. Availability of new vaccines and drugs targeting SARS-CoV-2 and sequelae of COVID-19 has given the world hope …
View article: Immunogenicity and protection against Mycobacterium avium with a heterologous RNA prime and protein boost vaccine regimen
Immunogenicity and protection against Mycobacterium avium with a heterologous RNA prime and protein boost vaccine regimen Open
Prophylactic efficacy of two different delivery platforms for vaccination against Mycobacterium avium (M. avium) were tested in this study; a subunit and an RNA-based vaccine. The vaccine antigen, ID91, includes four mycobacterial antigens…
View article: Characterizing in vivo loss of virulence of an HN878 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate from a genetic duplication event
Characterizing in vivo loss of virulence of an HN878 Mycobacterium tuberculosis isolate from a genetic duplication event Open
View article: Therapeutic efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using ID93 and liposomal adjuvant formulations
Therapeutic efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using ID93 and liposomal adjuvant formulations Open
Mycobacterium tuberculosis ( M.tb ) has led to approximately 1.3 million deaths globally in 2020 according to the World Health Organization (WHO). More effective treatments are therefore required to prevent the transmission of M.tb . Altho…
View article: Mycobacterium abscessus: It’s Complex
Mycobacterium abscessus: It’s Complex Open
Mycobacterium abscessus (M. abscessus) is an opportunistic pathogen usually colonizing abnormal lung airways and is often seen in patients with cystic fibrosis. Currently, there is no vaccine available for M. abscessus in clinical developm…
View article: It Takes a Village: The Multifaceted Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Vaccine-Induced Immunity
It Takes a Village: The Multifaceted Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection and Vaccine-Induced Immunity Open
Despite co-evolving with humans for centuries and being intensely studied for decades, the immune correlates of protection against Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) have yet to be fully defined. This lapse in understanding is a major lag in…
View article: RNA-based vaccine demonstrates prophylactic efficacy against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> challenge in a mouse model
RNA-based vaccine demonstrates prophylactic efficacy against <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> challenge in a mouse model Open
Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an opportunistic bacterial pathogen that causes tuberculosis disease (TB) and exerts an extensive burden on global health. The complex intra- and extracellular nature of this bacterium, coupled with diff…
View article: Qualification of ELISA and neutralization methodologies to measure SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity using human clinical samples
Qualification of ELISA and neutralization methodologies to measure SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity using human clinical samples Open
View article: Qualification of ELISA and neutralization methodologies to measure SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity using human clinical samples
Qualification of ELISA and neutralization methodologies to measure SARS-CoV-2 humoral immunity using human clinical samples Open
In response to the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic many vaccines have been developed and evaluated in human clinical trials. The humoral immune response magnitude, composition and efficacy of neutralizing SARS-CoV-2 are essential endpoints for these t…
View article: Subunit vaccine protects against a clinical isolate of Mycobacterium avium in wild type and immunocompromised mouse models
Subunit vaccine protects against a clinical isolate of Mycobacterium avium in wild type and immunocompromised mouse models Open
The nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) Mycobacterium avium is a clinically significant pathogen that can cause a wide range of maladies, including tuberculosis-like pulmonary disease. An immunocompromised host status, either genetically or …
View article: Prophylactic efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using ID93 and lipid-based adjuvant formulations in the mouse model
Prophylactic efficacy against Mycobacterium tuberculosis using ID93 and lipid-based adjuvant formulations in the mouse model Open
An estimated 10 million people developed tuberculosis (TB) disease in 2019 which underscores the need for a vaccine that prevents disease and reduces transmission. The aim of our current studies is to characterize and test a prophylactic t…
View article: Vaccination of aged mice with adjuvanted recombinant influenza nucleoprotein enhances protective immunity
Vaccination of aged mice with adjuvanted recombinant influenza nucleoprotein enhances protective immunity Open
View article: Long-term protective efficacy with a BCG-prime ID93/GLA-SE boost regimen against the hyper-virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain K in a mouse model
Long-term protective efficacy with a BCG-prime ID93/GLA-SE boost regimen against the hyper-virulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis strain K in a mouse model Open
Since ID93/GLA-SE was developed as a targeted BCG-prime booster vaccine, in the present study, we evaluated the protective efficacy of ID93/GLA-SE as a boost to a BCG-prime against the hypervirulent Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) K chall…
View article: Prophylaxis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv Infection in a Preclinical Mouse Model via Inhalation of Nebulized Bacteriophage D29
Prophylaxis of Mycobacterium tuberculosis H37Rv Infection in a Preclinical Mouse Model via Inhalation of Nebulized Bacteriophage D29 Open
Globally, more people die annually from tuberculosis than from any other single infectious agent. Unfortunately, there is no commercially available vaccine that is sufficiently effective at preventing the acquisition of pulmonary tuberculo…
View article: The complexities and challenges of preventing and treating nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases
The complexities and challenges of preventing and treating nontuberculous mycobacterial diseases Open
Seemingly innocuous nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) species, classified by their slow or rapid growth rates, can cause a wide range of illnesses, from skin ulceration to severe pulmonary and disseminated disease. Despite their worldwide …
View article: The adjuvant GLA-AF enhances human intradermal vaccine responses
The adjuvant GLA-AF enhances human intradermal vaccine responses Open
We present an adjuvant for intradermal use that works in humans, enabling self-administration in case of a flu pandemic.