Susanna Esposito
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View article: Digital Twins in Pediatric Infectious Diseases: Virtual Models for Personalized Management
Digital Twins in Pediatric Infectious Diseases: Virtual Models for Personalized Management Open
Digital twins (DTs), virtual replicas that integrate mechanistic modeling with real-time clinical data, are emerging as powerful tools in healthcare with particular promise in pediatrics, where age-dependent physiology and ethical consider…
View article: Two journeys, one diagnosis: exploring the clinical outcomes of twins with congenital myopathy
Two journeys, one diagnosis: exploring the clinical outcomes of twins with congenital myopathy Open
View article: Peer Relationships and Psychosocial Difficulties in Adolescents: Evidence from a Clinical Pediatric Sample
Peer Relationships and Psychosocial Difficulties in Adolescents: Evidence from a Clinical Pediatric Sample Open
Background: Adolescence is a critical developmental stage marked by vulnerability to psychological difficulties. While family relationships, peer bonds, prosocial behaviors, and health-risk factors have been linked to adolescent mental hea…
View article: Pediatric stewardship in Italy: a necessity, not an option - a National Multi-Society Expert Consensus on Antimicrobial and Diagnostic Stewardship (SIP, SITIP, SIMRI, SIAIP, SIMEUP, SIPPS, SICUPP, SIMIT, SIMPE, SIPINF, SIT, SIAATIP, SARNEPI, AIEOP, SIM, SITI, SIF, SIFACT, SITA, SIN)
Pediatric stewardship in Italy: a necessity, not an option - a National Multi-Society Expert Consensus on Antimicrobial and Diagnostic Stewardship (SIP, SITIP, SIMRI, SIAIP, SIMEUP, SIPPS, SICUPP, SIMIT, SIMPE, SIPINF, SIT, SIAATIP, SARNEPI, AIEOP, SIM, SITI, SIF, SIFACT, SITA, SIN) Open
Antimicrobial Stewardship Programs (ASPs) and Diagnostic Stewardship Programs (DSPs) are essential for optimizing infectious disease management and addressing antimicrobial resistance (AMR). However, the implementation of pediatric ASPs pr…
View article: When pain meets obsession: Investigating the association between headache and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in a pediatric cohort
When pain meets obsession: Investigating the association between headache and obsessive-compulsive symptoms in a pediatric cohort Open
Aim To investigate the prevalence, severity, and clinical correlates of obsessive-compulsive symptoms (OCS) in pediatric patients with primary headache disorders. Methods In this monocentric, observational, and retrospective study, we asse…
View article: Plant-based diet quality and all-cause mortality in a high-risk population
Plant-based diet quality and all-cause mortality in a high-risk population Open
Background Individuals with chronic conditions such as cardiovascular disease (CVD), type 2 diabetes, and cancer are considered high-risk populations due to their elevated risk of morbidity and mortality. Plant-based diets have gained atte…
View article: Immunization Strategies in Pediatric Patients Receiving Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT) and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell (CAR-T) Therapy: Challenges and Insights from a Narrative Review
Immunization Strategies in Pediatric Patients Receiving Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation (HCT) and Chimeric Antigen Receptor T-Cell (CAR-T) Therapy: Challenges and Insights from a Narrative Review Open
Background: Hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) and chimeric antigen receptor T-cell (CAR-T) therapy have markedly improved survival in pediatric patients with hematological malignancies. However, these treatments cause profound immun…
View article: Vectors on the Move: How Climate Change Fuels the Spread of Arboviruses in Europe
Vectors on the Move: How Climate Change Fuels the Spread of Arboviruses in Europe Open
Climate change is increasingly recognized as a major driver of emerging infectious diseases, particularly vector-borne diseases (VBDs), which are expanding in range and intensity worldwide. Europe, traditionally considered low-risk for man…
View article: Acceptance of Nirsevimab for the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Neonates: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Emilia-Romagna, Italy
Acceptance of Nirsevimab for the Prevention of Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infection in Neonates: A Cross-Sectional Survey in Emilia-Romagna, Italy Open
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis remains a leading cause of hospitalization in infants, particularly those with risk factors such as prematurity or chronic diseases. Nirsevimab, a long-acting monoclonal antibody,…
View article: Pediatric healthcare service utilization after the end of COVID-19 state of emergency in Northern Italy: a 6-year quasi-experimental study using interrupted time-series analysis
Pediatric healthcare service utilization after the end of COVID-19 state of emergency in Northern Italy: a 6-year quasi-experimental study using interrupted time-series analysis Open
Background Evidence exists on the major disruptions in pediatric healthcare services occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic, but what happened when all restrictions were lifted is unclear. This study examined trends in pediatric hospital ad…
View article: Antibiotic treatment of pediatric infections in primary healthcare setting: evaluation and comparison of 80 national treatment guidelines with the WHO AWaRe book recommendations
Antibiotic treatment of pediatric infections in primary healthcare setting: evaluation and comparison of 80 national treatment guidelines with the WHO AWaRe book recommendations Open
PRIN 2022 "A Cluster randomized clinical trial to change Antibiotic Prescribing behavior in Outpatient pediatric primary care setting in Italy (CAPO project)", funded in the framework of the National Recovery and Resilience Plan (NRRP), Mi…
View article: Human Metapneumovirus: A Narrative Review on Emerging Strategies for Prevention and Treatment
Human Metapneumovirus: A Narrative Review on Emerging Strategies for Prevention and Treatment Open
Human metapneumovirus (HMPV) is a major cause of acute respiratory tract infections, particularly in infants, young children, older adults, and immunocompromised individuals. Since its discovery in 2001, the virus has been recognized for i…
View article: Correction: Riccò et al. Respiratory Syncytial Virus: A WAidid Consensus Document on New Preventive Options. Vaccines 2024, 12, 1317
Correction: Riccò et al. Respiratory Syncytial Virus: A WAidid Consensus Document on New Preventive Options. Vaccines 2024, 12, 1317 Open
The authors would like to make the following corrections to this published paper [...]
View article: Recent Changes in the Epidemiology of Group A Streptococcus Infections: Observations and Implications
Recent Changes in the Epidemiology of Group A Streptococcus Infections: Observations and Implications Open
Streptococcus pyogenes (Group A Streptococcus, GAS) is a major human pathogen capable of causing infections ranging from mild pharyngitis and impetigo to severe invasive diseases such as bacteremia, necrotizing fasciitis, and streptococcal…
View article: Predictive Factors and Clinical Markers of Recurrent Wheezing and Asthma After RSV Infection
Predictive Factors and Clinical Markers of Recurrent Wheezing and Asthma After RSV Infection Open
Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) is a major cause of acute lower respiratory infections (ALRIs) in young children, especially bronchiolitis, with significant global health and economic impact. Increasing evidence links early-life RSV infe…
View article: From Survival to Parenthood: The Fertility Journey After Childhood Cancer
From Survival to Parenthood: The Fertility Journey After Childhood Cancer Open
Background: The advances in cancer diagnosis and treatment have significantly improved survival rates in pediatric patients, with five-year survival now exceeding 80% in many high-income countries. However, these life-saving therapies ofte…
View article: Early Predictors of Outcome in Pediatric Acquired Demyelinating Syndromes: A Retrospective Study Stratified by Final Diagnosis
Early Predictors of Outcome in Pediatric Acquired Demyelinating Syndromes: A Retrospective Study Stratified by Final Diagnosis Open
Background/Objectives: Pediatric acquired demyelinating syndromes (ADSs) encompass a heterogeneous group of disorders, including multiple sclerosis (MS), MOG antibody-associated disease (MOGAD), and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (…
View article: Too young to pour: the global crisis of underage alcohol use
Too young to pour: the global crisis of underage alcohol use Open
Background Underage alcohol consumption remains a critical global public health concern, contributing to a wide spectrum of short- and long-term health risks. Despite age-based legal restrictions, alcohol persists as the most commonly used…
View article: Beyond Muscle Weakness: Unraveling Endocrine and Metabolic Dysfunctions in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, a Narrative Review
Beyond Muscle Weakness: Unraveling Endocrine and Metabolic Dysfunctions in Duchenne Muscular Dystrophy, a Narrative Review Open
Background: Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD) is a severe X-linked neuromuscular disorder caused by mutations in the DMD gene, leading to progressive muscle degeneration, loss of ambulation, and multi-systemic complications. Beyond its imp…
View article: Challenges and Limitations of Current RSV Prevention Strategies in Infants and Young Children: A Narrative Review
Challenges and Limitations of Current RSV Prevention Strategies in Infants and Young Children: A Narrative Review Open
Background: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) remains a leading cause of lower respiratory tract infections and hospitalizations in infants and young children globally. Recently, RSV prevention has advanced with the introduction of nirsevi…
View article: Fever and Pain in Italian Children: What Pediatricians Really Do
Fever and Pain in Italian Children: What Pediatricians Really Do Open
Background: Fever and pain are among the most frequent symptoms in pediatric care, requiring timely and appropriate management. While evidence-based guidelines are available, adherence in real-world practice remains variable. This study ai…
View article: Myostatin Modulation in Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence
Myostatin Modulation in Spinal Muscular Atrophy: A Systematic Review of Preclinical and Clinical Evidence Open
Spinal Muscular Atrophy (SMA) is a genetic disorder characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons and consequent muscle atrophy. Although SMN-targeted therapies have significantly improved survival and motor outcomes, residual mus…
View article: Use of Probiotics During Antibiotic Therapy in Pediatrics: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Italian Primary Care Pediatricians
Use of Probiotics During Antibiotic Therapy in Pediatrics: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Italian Primary Care Pediatricians Open
Background: Antibiotic-associated diarrhea (AAD) is a common adverse effect of pediatric antibiotic therapy, often linked to gut microbiota disruption. Probiotics may help prevent AAD when appropriately selected and dosed. Methods: We cond…
View article: Beyond Mosquitoes: A Review of Pediatric Vector-Borne Diseases Excluding Malaria and Arboviral Infections
Beyond Mosquitoes: A Review of Pediatric Vector-Borne Diseases Excluding Malaria and Arboviral Infections Open
Vector-borne diseases (VBDs) significantly impact global child health, with mosquito-transmitted infections like malaria and arboviruses accounting for a substantial portion of this burden. However, other arthropod-borne diseases—transmitt…
View article: The Role of Nutraceuticals and Probiotics in Addition to Lifestyle Intervention in the Management of Childhood Obesity—Part 1: Metabolic Changes
The Role of Nutraceuticals and Probiotics in Addition to Lifestyle Intervention in the Management of Childhood Obesity—Part 1: Metabolic Changes Open
Childhood obesity is a growing global health issue. Its rising prevalence is linked to genetic, environmental, and lifestyle factors. Obesity in children could lead to different comorbidities and complications with an increased risk of met…
View article: Acute Suppurative and Subacute Thyroiditis: From Diagnosis to Management
Acute Suppurative and Subacute Thyroiditis: From Diagnosis to Management Open
Background: Acute suppurative thyroiditis (AST) and subacute thyroiditis (SAT) are two distinct inflammatory conditions of the thyroid gland with different clinical presentation and treatment and that recognize different causes. AST is a r…
View article: New Challenging Systemic Therapies for Juvenile Scleroderma: A Comprehensive Review
New Challenging Systemic Therapies for Juvenile Scleroderma: A Comprehensive Review Open
Background: Juvenile scleroderma (JS) comprises a group of rare chronic autoimmune and fibrosing disorders in children, primarily presenting as juvenile localized scleroderma (jLS) or juvenile systemic sclerosis (jSS). While jLS predominan…
View article: The Role of Nutraceuticals and Probiotics in Addition to Lifestyle Intervention in the Management of Childhood Obesity—Part 2: Comorbidities
The Role of Nutraceuticals and Probiotics in Addition to Lifestyle Intervention in the Management of Childhood Obesity—Part 2: Comorbidities Open
Pediatric obesity is associated with a wide range of comorbidities beyond metabolic changes, affecting cardiovascular, endocrine, reproductive, musculoskeletal systems, and also mental health. Hypertension, commonly observed in children wi…
View article: How air pollution fuels respiratory infections in children: current insights
How air pollution fuels respiratory infections in children: current insights Open
Background Air pollution is a significant global health concern, particularly for younger children who are especially susceptible to its adverse effects. Pollutants such as particulate matter (PM), nitrogen oxides (NO and NO₂), sulfur diox…
View article: Various sexual identities among a cohort of Italian adolescents: from their own perception of selves to social and healthcare acceptance
Various sexual identities among a cohort of Italian adolescents: from their own perception of selves to social and healthcare acceptance Open
Background: Gender incongruence (GI) is the conflict between the sex assigned at birth and the perceived gender identity, sometimes leading to significant distress (gender dysphoria). The WPATH Standards of Care (SOC) estimate that transge…