Timothy J. Mitchell
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View article: Electronic Chart Recording for Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery
Electronic Chart Recording for Gamma Knife Stereotactic Radiosurgery Open
With technical planning and coordination from all team members, we demonstrated that the implementation of electronic chart recording systems can be achieved for Gamma Knife radiosurgery treatments that enhance the treatment workflow, prov…
View article: 486 Surface-based deep learning model assessing brain aging after intracranial radiation for brain metastases
486 Surface-based deep learning model assessing brain aging after intracranial radiation for brain metastases Open
Objectives/Goals: Cognitive decline is a known sequalae of intracranial radiation in the treatment of brain metastases. In this study, we investigate global structural changes in the brain akin to accelerated aging and compare aging kineti…
View article: From Vision Changes to Hospice: The Rapid Progression of Orbital Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma
From Vision Changes to Hospice: The Rapid Progression of Orbital Metastasis in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Open
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is an aggressive primary liver malignancy with a high potential for metastasis, commonly involving the lungs, bones, and lymph nodes. However, orbital metastasis is an exceptionally rare presentation. This ca…
View article: Neurocognitive and resting-state functional MRI changes in patients with diffuse gliomas after chemoradiotherapy
Neurocognitive and resting-state functional MRI changes in patients with diffuse gliomas after chemoradiotherapy Open
Background This prospective observational study employed resting-state functional MRI (rs-fMRI) to investigate network-level disturbances associated with neurocognitive function (NCF) changes in patients with gliomas following radiation th…
View article: Glucose and Oxygen Levels Modulate the Pore-Forming Effects of Cholesterol-Dependent Cytolysin Pneumolysin from Streptococcus pneumoniae
Glucose and Oxygen Levels Modulate the Pore-Forming Effects of Cholesterol-Dependent Cytolysin Pneumolysin from Streptococcus pneumoniae Open
A major Streptococcus pneumoniae pathogenic factor is the cholesterol-dependent cytolysin pneumolysin, binding membrane cholesterol and producing permanent lytic or transient pores. During brain infections, vascular damage with variable is…
View article: 13.05 A novel approach for neoantigen discovery from splicing factor mutated cancers
13.05 A novel approach for neoantigen discovery from splicing factor mutated cancers Open
Background Mutations in splicing factor (SF) genes can cause alternative splicing/mis-splicing of pre-mRNA,leading to aberrant transcripts. These alternative/mis-splicing events include: a. constitutive splicing, b.mutually exclusive exons…
View article: Sister Mary Joseph nodule
Sister Mary Joseph nodule Open
A 75-year-old male was referred for investigation of a painless, erythematous umbilical nodule that had been increasing in size for several months. The lesion was 2.5 cm in diameter, with an irregular border and superficial ulceration (Fig…
View article: Prediction of Electron Beam Welding Penetration Depth Using Machine Learning-Enhanced Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelling
Prediction of Electron Beam Welding Penetration Depth Using Machine Learning-Enhanced Computational Fluid Dynamics Modelling Open
The necessity for precise prediction of penetration depth in the context of electron beam welding (EBW) cannot be overstated. Traditional statistical methodologies, including regression analysis and neural networks, often necessitate a con…
View article: Cognition and Brain System Segregation in Pediatric Brain Tumor Patients Treated with Proton Therapy
Cognition and Brain System Segregation in Pediatric Brain Tumor Patients Treated with Proton Therapy Open
Higher mean dose to the right hippocampus correlated with worse dorsal attention network segregation and worse attention and inhibition cognitive performance. Patients demonstrated alterations in brain network organization of association s…
View article: Optimization and Optimizers for Adversarial Robustness
Optimization and Optimizers for Adversarial Robustness Open
Empirical robustness evaluation (RE) of deep learning models against adversarial perturbations entails solving nontrivial constrained optimization problems. Existing numerical algorithms that are commonly used to solve them in practice pre…
View article: Dendritic spine loss deep in the neocortex and dendrite distortion with diffusion disturbances occur early in experimental pneumococcal meningitis
Dendritic spine loss deep in the neocortex and dendrite distortion with diffusion disturbances occur early in experimental pneumococcal meningitis Open
Introduction Streptococcus pneumoniae (pneumococcus) meningitis is a serious disease with substantial lethality and long-term disability in survivors. Loss of synaptic staining in the superficial layers of the neocortex in rodent models an…
View article: Electron beam weld penetration depth prediction improved by beam characterisation
Electron beam weld penetration depth prediction improved by beam characterisation Open
Predicting the penetration depth during electron beam welding (EBW) is important, but the accuracy of current predictive models is highly varied, depending on the type and number of data used. This paper develops and compares several penet…
View article: NCVX: A General-Purpose Optimization Solver for Constrained Machine and Deep Learning
NCVX: A General-Purpose Optimization Solver for Constrained Machine and Deep Learning Open
Imposing explicit constraints is relatively new but increasingly pressing in deep learning, stimulated by, e.g., trustworthy AI that performs robust optimization over complicated perturbation sets and scientific applications that need to r…
View article: Optimization for Robustness Evaluation beyond $\ell_p$ Metrics
Optimization for Robustness Evaluation beyond $\ell_p$ Metrics Open
Empirical evaluation of deep learning models against adversarial attacks entails solving nontrivial constrained optimization problems. Popular algorithms for solving these constrained problems rely on projected gradient descent (PGD) and r…
View article: Pneumolysin boosts the neuroinflammatory response to Streptococcus pneumoniae through enhanced endocytosis
Pneumolysin boosts the neuroinflammatory response to Streptococcus pneumoniae through enhanced endocytosis Open
In pneumococcal meningitis, bacterial growth in the cerebrospinal fluid results in lysis, the release of toxic factors, and subsequent neuroinflammation. Exposure of primary murine glia to Streptococcus pneumoniae lysates leads to strong p…
View article: Electron Beam Weld Penetration Depth Prediction Improved by Beam Characterization
Electron Beam Weld Penetration Depth Prediction Improved by Beam Characterization Open
The influence of beam characterization on methods to predict the penetration depth during electron beam welding (EBW) is studied, including an empirical equation, a second-order regression and an artificial neural network (ANN). A 4-slits …
View article: Phagosomal Acidification Is Required to Kill Streptococcus pneumoniae in a Zebrafish Model
Phagosomal Acidification Is Required to Kill Streptococcus pneumoniae in a Zebrafish Model Open
Streptococcus pneumoniae (the pneumococcus) is a major human pathogen causing invasive disease, including community-acquired bacteraemia, and remains a leading cause of global mortality. Understanding the role of phagocytes in killing bact…
View article: IMG-14. Cognitive deficits and altered functional network organization in pediatric brain tumor patients
IMG-14. Cognitive deficits and altered functional network organization in pediatric brain tumor patients Open
INTRODUCTION: Survivors of pediatric brain tumors experience significant cognitive deficits from their diagnosis and treatment. Mechanisms of cognitive injury are poorly understood, and predictors of long-term outcome are lacking. Large-sc…
View article: RONC-12. Evaluation of brain network segregation using resting state functional MRI in pediatric brain tumor patients treated with proton beam therapy
RONC-12. Evaluation of brain network segregation using resting state functional MRI in pediatric brain tumor patients treated with proton beam therapy Open
INTRODUCTION: Mechanisms of cognitive injury in pediatric brain tumor (BT) patients are poorly understood and biomarkers predicting cognitive deficits are lacking. Resting state functional MRI (rsfMRI) can evaluate large-scale brain networ…
View article: Neutrophil-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Activate Platelets after Pneumolysin Exposure
Neutrophil-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Activate Platelets after Pneumolysin Exposure Open
Pneumolysin (PLY) is a pore-forming toxin of Streptococcus pneumoniae that contributes substantially to the inflammatory processes underlying pneumococcal pneumonia and lung injury. Host responses against S. pneumoniae are regulated in par…
View article: RADT-12. USE OF FDOPA PET FOR RADIATION THERAPY TARGETING IN GRADE 2 IDH MUTANT GLIOMA
RADT-12. USE OF FDOPA PET FOR RADIATION THERAPY TARGETING IN GRADE 2 IDH MUTANT GLIOMA Open
BACKGROUND Low-grade, IDH mutant (IDHmt) gliomas typically do not enhance on MRI complicating radiotherapy (RT) target delineation. Amino acid PET using 3,4-dihydroxy-6-[18F]-fluoro-L-phenylalanine (FDOPA) has demonstrated avidity in IDHmt…
View article: Stroke and Athletes: A Scoping Review
Stroke and Athletes: A Scoping Review Open
Stroke (i.e., cerebrovascular accident) affects one in 10,000 people between the ages of 14 and 45; however, very little is known about the frequency and type of stroke that occurs in athletes. The risk of injury to the neurovascular struc…
View article: Root-max Problems, Hybrid Expansion-Contraction, and Quadratically Convergent Optimization of Passive Systems
Root-max Problems, Hybrid Expansion-Contraction, and Quadratically Convergent Optimization of Passive Systems Open
We present quadratically convergent algorithms to compute the extremal value of a real parameter for which a given rational transfer function of a linear time-invariant system is passive. This problem is formulated for both continuous-time…
View article: On Properties of Univariate Max Functions at Local Maximizers
On Properties of Univariate Max Functions at Local Maximizers Open
More than three decades ago, Boyd and Balakrishnan established a regularity result for the two-norm of a transfer function at maximizers. Their result extends easily to the statement that the maximum eigenvalue of a univariate real analyti…
View article: Fast optimization of viscosities for frequency-weighted damping of second-order systems
Fast optimization of viscosities for frequency-weighted damping of second-order systems Open
We consider frequency-weighted damping optimization for vibrating systems described by a second-order differential equation. The goal is to determine viscosity values such that eigenvalues are kept away from certain undesirable areas on th…