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Quantification of oil shale industry ash flows – their chemical and mineralogical composition Open
The global demand for resources is escalating in todayâs rapidly evolving world. As traditional raw materials become scarcer and more expensive, alternative sources have to be found. One such emerging resource is oil shale ash. This arti…
Co-pyrolysis of biomass woodchips with Ca-rich oil shale fuel in a continuous feed reactor Open
A co-pyrolysis of woodchips and oil shale was conducted in a continuous reactor at 520 °C in a CO2 atmosphere. Experimental product yields were derived and an analysis of the liquid products was conducted, using gas chromatography, infrar…
Phase transformation and strength of hydrated circulating fluidised bed combustion ash sediment in an open environment over 15 years: implications for the long-term stability of ash waste plateaus Open
Low-temperature circulating fluidised bed combustion (CFBC) of oil shale results in Ca-rich ashes with low pozzolanic properties, raising concerns regarding the long-term stability of ash depositories. This paper presents findings from a l…
Carbon dioxide sequestration in power plant Ca-rich ash waste deposits Open
In order to reach future goals of net carbon neutrality and climate change mitigation, various carbon capture and sequestration techniques must be implemented. Industrial waste rich in chemically active alkaline metal oxides is considered …
Geochemical study of stable carbon and oxygen isotopes in landfilled Ca-rich oil shale ash Open
The Estonian energy industry relies on local calcareous oil shale that is used to produce the majority of the countryâs electricity, but the shale is also used for shale oil retorting. The solid residues remaining after combustion are up…
Combustion as a Possible Solution to Pyrolytic Wastewater Utilization Open
Treatment of hazardous liquid wastes can never be considered as economically beneficial process. It often involves many different treatment steps, especially in the case of highly polluted industrial wastewaters like pyrolytic wastewater (…
Ash and Flue Gas from Oil Shale Oxy-Fuel Circulating Fluidized Bed Combustion Open
Carbon dioxide emissions are considered a major environmental threat. To enable power production from carbon-containing fuels, carbon capture is required. Oxy-fuel combustion technology facilitates carbon capture by increasing the carbon d…
Carbon dioxide emission factors for oxy-fuel CFBC and aqueous carbonation of the Ca-rich oil shale ash Open
Oil shale (OS) is a low-calorific-value fossil fuel. Today, Estonia’s OS usage is the largest in the world. Approximately 76 % of the electricity is produced from Ca-rich OS. Yearly, approximately 12 million tons of OS is used for power ge…