Explanipedia

Classifying Fibers and Bases in Toric Hypersurface Calabi-Yau Threefolds Open

Washington Taylor · 2025

We carry out a complete analysis of the toric elliptic and genus-one fibrations of all 474 million reflexive polytopes in the Kreuzer-Skarke database. Earlier work with Huang showed that all but 29,223 of these polytopes have such a fibrat…

Emergent self-inhibition governs the landscape of stable states in complex ecosystems Open

Washington Taylor, Akshit Goyal · 2025

Species-rich ecosystems often exhibit multiple stable states with distinct species compositions. Yet, the factors determining the likelihood of each state's occurrence remain poorly understood. Here, we characterize and explain the landsca…

On the structure of multiple stable equilibria in competitive ecological systems Open

Washington Taylor, James P. O’Dwyer · 2025

For some ecological systems with a large pool of possible species, there can be multiple stable equilibria with different species composition. Natural or anthropogenic disruption can induce a shift between different such equilibria. While …

A minimal model of self-organized clusters with phase transitions in ecological communities Open

Shing Yan Li, Mehran Kardar, Zhijie Feng, Washington Taylor · 2025

In complex ecological communities, species may self-organize into clusters or clumps where highly similar species can coexist. The emergence of such species clusters can be captured by the interplay between neutral and niche theories. Base…

Statistics of Base Polytopes in F-theory Open

Washington Taylor, Yi-Nan Wang, Yihang Yu · 2025

We propose a new statistical ensemble of toric bases for elliptic Calabi-Yaus used in F-theory models, by focusing on only the convex hull of the base, i.e., the base polytope. This physically motivated coarse-graining greatly simplifies t…

Five-year outcomes of psilocybin-assisted therapy for Major Depressive Disorder Open

Alan K. Davis, Meghan DellaCrosse, Nathan D. Sepeda, Adam W. Levin, Mary P Cosimano , et al. · 2025

Background Major Depressive Disorder (MDD) is a leading cause of disability and economic loss, with high recurrence and treatment resistance. Psilocybin-assisted therapy (PAT) shows promise in reducing depressive symptoms, but long-term ef…

Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Removal: A Physical Science Perspective Open

Washington Taylor, Brad Marston, R. Rosner, J. S. Wurtele · 2025

Novel carbon dioxide removal (CDR) technologies are increasingly being considered as potentially useful tools to combat climate change. For specific atmospheric carbon dioxide management targets to be achieved, large-scale CDR strategies m…

On the structure of multiple stable equilibria in competitive ecological systems Open

Washington Taylor, James P. O’Dwyer · 2024

For some ecological systems with a large pool of possible species, there can be multiple stable equilibria with different species composition. Natural or anthropogenic disruption can induce a shift between different such equilibria. While …

Towards natural and realistic E7 GUTs in F-theory Open

Shing Yan Li, Washington Taylor · 2024

A bstract We consider phenomenological aspects of a natural class of Standard Model-like supersymmetric F-theory vacua realized through flux breaking of rigid E 7 gauge factors. Three generations of Standard Model matter are realized in ma…

Parents Experiences of Racism in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit Open

Olga Smith, Kayla L. Karvonen, Maria D. Gonzales-Hinojosa, Sarah Lewis-Zhao, Washington Taylor , et al. · 2024

Few studies have investigated parent's experiences with racism in the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Our objective was to explore how parents perceive their interactions with NICU staff and if/how racism in the NICU was experienced. …

Towards natural and realistic $E_7$ GUTs in F-theory Open

Shing Yan Li, Washington Taylor · 2023

We consider phenomenological aspects of a natural class of Standard Model-like supersymmetric F-theory vacua realized through flux breaking of rigid $E_7$ gauge factors. Three generations of Standard Model matter are realized in many of th…

Chiral Matter Multiplicities and Resolution-Independent Structure in 4D F-Theory Models Open

Patrick Jefferson, Washington Taylor, Andrew P. Turner · 2023

Motivated by questions related to the landscape of flux compactifications, we combine new and existing techniques into a systematic, streamlined approach for computing vertical fluxes and chiral matter multiplicities in 4D F-theory models.…

Generic matter representations in 6D supergravity theories Open

Washington Taylor, Andrew P. Turner · 2023

>In six-dimensional supergravity, there is a natural sense in which matter lying in certain representations of the gauge group is “generic,” in that other “exotic” matter representations require more fine tuning. From considerations of the…

Comparing elliptic and toric hypersurface Calabi-Yau threefolds at large Hodge numbers Open

Yu-Chien Huang, Washington Taylor · 2023

We compare the sets of Calabi-Yau threefolds with large Hodge numbers that are constructed using toric hypersurface methods with those can be constructed as elliptic fibrations using Weierstrass model techniques motivated by F-theory. Ther…

On the prevalence of elliptic and genus one fibrations among toric hypersurface Calabi-Yau threefolds Open

Yu-Chien Huang, Washington Taylor · 2023

We systematically analyze the fibration structure of toric hypersurface Calabi-Yau threefolds with large and small Hodge numbers. We show that there are only four such Calabi-Yau threefolds with h1,1 ≥ 140 or h2,1 ≥ 140 that do not have ma…

Mirror symmetry and elliptic Calabi-Yau manifolds Open

Yu-Chien Huang, Washington Taylor · 2023

We find that for many Calabi-Yau threefolds with elliptic or genus one fibrations mirror symmetry factorizes between the fiber and the base of the fibration. In the simplest examples, the generic CY elliptic fibration over any toric base s…

Large U(1) charges in F-theory Open

Nikhil Raghuram, Washington Taylor · 2023

We show that massless fields with large abelian charges (up to at least q = 21) can be constructed in 6D F-theory models with a U(1) gauge group. To show this, we explicitly construct F-theory Weierstrass models with nonabelian gauge group…

Exotic matter on singular divisors in F-theory Open

Denis Klevers, David R. Morrison, Nikhil Raghuram, Washington Taylor · 2023

We analyze exotic matter representations that arise on singular seven-brane configurations in F-theory. We develop a general framework for analyzing such representations, and work out explicit descriptions for models with matter in the 2-i…

An infinite swampland of U(1) charge spectra in 6D supergravity theories Open

Washington Taylor, Andrew P. Turner · 2023

We analyze the anomaly constraints on 6D supergravity theories with a single abelian U(1) gauge factor. For theories with charges restricted to q = ±1, ±2 and no tensor multiplets, anomaly-free models match those models that can be realize…

148 A Feasibility Study for the Implementation of a Hospital-based Violence Intervention Program in the Rural South Open

Nakita Lovelady, Geoffrey M. Curran, Joseph B. Richardson, Michael P. Wilson, Sacha A. McBain , et al. · 2023

OBJECTIVES/GOALS: As hospitals across the nation respond to the need to address community violence, there is a dearth of Hospital-based Violence Intervention Programs (HVIPs) in the South despite having disproportionate rates. This researc…

On the limits to invasion prediction using coexistence outcomes Open

Jie Deng, Washington Taylor, Simon A. Levin, Serguei Saavedra · 2023

The dynamics of ecological communities in nature are typically characterized by probabilistic processes involving invasion dynamics. Because of technical challenges, however, the majority of theoretical and experimental studies have focuse…

Geometry and Strings 2023 Open

Dieter Lüst, Jacob McNamara, Timo Weigand, Thomas W. Grimm, Craig Lawrie , et al. · 2023

The proposal details plans for an upcoming meeting as part of the annual Geometry and Strings conference series. This\nseries was formerly known as the ``F-theory'' conference series and has since broadened to include more general approach…

Chiral spectrum of the universal tuned (SU(3) × SU(2) × U(1))/ℤ6 4D F-theory model Open

Patrick Jefferson, Washington Taylor, Andrew P. Turner · 2023

A bstract We use the recently developed methods of arXiv:2108.07810 to analyze vertical flux backgrounds and associated chiral matter spectra in the 4D universal (SU(3) × SU(2) × U(1))/ ℤ 6 model introduced in arXiv:1912.10991, which is be…

Large U(1) charges from flux breaking in 4D F-theory models Open

Shing Yan Li, Washington Taylor · 2022

We study the massless charged spectrum of U(1) gauge fields in F-theory that arise from flux breaking of a nonabelian group. The U(1) charges that arise in this way can be very large. In particular, using vertical flux breaking, we constru…

Gauge symmetry breaking with fluxes and natural Standard Model structure from exceptional GUTs in F-theory Open

Shing Yan Li, Washington Taylor · 2022

Understanding the impact of third-party species on pairwise coexistence Open

Jie Deng, Washington Taylor, Serguei Saavedra · 2022

The persistence of virtually every single species depends on both the presence of other species and the specific environmental conditions in a given location. Because in natural settings many of these conditions are unknown, research has b…

Chiral spectrum of the universal tuned $(\text{SU}(3) \times \text{SU}(2) \times \text{U}(1))/\mathbb{Z}_{6}$ 4D F-theory model Open

Patrick Jefferson, Washington Taylor, Andrew P. Turner · 2022

We use the recently developed methods of 2108.07810 to analyze vertical flux backgrounds and associated chiral matter spectra in the 4D universal $(\text{SU}(3) \times \text{SU}(2) \times \text{U}(1))/\mathbb{Z}_{6}$ model introduced in 19…

Natural F-theory constructions of standard model structure from flux breaking Open

Shing Yan Li, Washington Taylor · 2022

We describe a broad class of 4D F-theory models in which an E₇ gauge group is broken through fluxes to the standard model gauge group. These models are ubiquitous in the 4D F-theory landscape and can arise from flux breaking of …

Gauge symmetry breaking with fluxes and natural Standard Model structure from exceptional GUTs in F-theory Open

Shing Yan Li, Washington Taylor · 2022

We give a general description of gauge symmetry breaking using vertical and remainder fluxes in 4D F-theory models. The fluxes can break a geometric gauge group to a smaller group and induce chiral matter, even when the larger group admits…

Understanding the impact of third-party species on pairwise coexistence Open

Jie Deng, Washington Taylor, Serguei Saavedra · 2022

The persistence of virtually every single species depends on both the presence of other species and the specific environmental conditions in a given location. Because in natural settings many of these conditions are unknown, research has b…

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