T. Blake Ball
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View article: The Role of Type I Interferons in Tuberculosis and in Tuberculosis-Risk-Associated Comorbidities
The Role of Type I Interferons in Tuberculosis and in Tuberculosis-Risk-Associated Comorbidities Open
The identification of a type I interferon-induced transcriptomic signature in active tuberculosis suggests a potential role for these interferons in the pathogenesis of tuberculosis. Comorbidities such as human immunodeficiency virus, diab…
View article: Detectability of cytokine and chemokine using ELISA, following sample-inactivation using Triton X-100 or heat
Detectability of cytokine and chemokine using ELISA, following sample-inactivation using Triton X-100 or heat Open
Clinical samples are routinely inactivated before molecular assays to prevent pathogen transmission. Antibody-based assays are sensitive to changes in analyte conformation, but the impact of inactivation on the analyte detectability has be…
View article: Detectability of Cytokine and Chemokine using ELISA, following Sample-inactivation using Triton X-100 or Heat
Detectability of Cytokine and Chemokine using ELISA, following Sample-inactivation using Triton X-100 or Heat Open
Background Routine characterization of clinical samples for their immunological responses against infectious pathogens often involves assessing cytokine/chemokine profiles and/or production of pathogen-specific antibodies. To prevent tran…
View article: Type I interferons and Mycobacterium tuberculosis whole cell lysate induce distinct transcriptional responses in M. tuberculosis infection
Type I interferons and Mycobacterium tuberculosis whole cell lysate induce distinct transcriptional responses in M. tuberculosis infection Open
Type I interferon (IFN)-induced genes have the potential for distinguishing active tuberculosis (ATB) from latent TB infection (LTBI) and healthy controls (HC), monitoring treatment, and detection of individuals at risk of progression to a…
View article: Immune resilience despite inflammatory stress promotes longevity and favorable health outcomes including resistance to infection
Immune resilience despite inflammatory stress promotes longevity and favorable health outcomes including resistance to infection Open
Some people remain healthier throughout life than others but the underlying reasons are poorly understood. Here we hypothesize this advantage is attributable in part to optimal immune resilience (IR), defined as the capacity to preserve an…
View article: Dissolved Oxygen and Temperature Data from the Hyporheic Zone of the East River Watershed July 2017 to October 2018
Dissolved Oxygen and Temperature Data from the Hyporheic Zone of the East River Watershed July 2017 to October 2018 Open
Dissolved oxygen (DO) is critical for aquatic ecosystems. Our focus is on the long-term DO dynamics in hyporheic zone of rivers, which are a function of both transport (hydrologic exchange between river and hyporheic zone) and uptake by bi…
View article: Transient Increases in Inflammation and Proapoptotic Potential Are Associated with the HESN Phenotype Observed in a Subgroup of Kenyan Female Sex Workers
Transient Increases in Inflammation and Proapoptotic Potential Are Associated with the HESN Phenotype Observed in a Subgroup of Kenyan Female Sex Workers Open
Interferon (IFN) -stimulated genes (ISGs) are critical effectors of IFN response to viral infection, but whether ISG expression is a correlate of protection against HIV infection remains elusive. A well-characterized subcohort of Kenyan fe…
View article: Time-series dissolved oxygen, other bigeochemically-relevant analytes, and pressure gradients associated with the manuscript “Dissolved oxygen sensor in an automated hyporheic sampling system reveals biogeochemical dynamics”
Time-series dissolved oxygen, other bigeochemically-relevant analytes, and pressure gradients associated with the manuscript “Dissolved oxygen sensor in an automated hyporheic sampling system reveals biogeochemical dynamics” Open
This dataset contains time-series data from a vertical profile within the bed and banks of the Columbia river near Richland, WA. Water was sampled through 3 small tubes embedded in the sediment at 50,100, and 200 cm below the sediment-wate…
View article: Serological and cellular inflammatory signatures in end‐stage kidney disease and latent tuberculosis
Serological and cellular inflammatory signatures in end‐stage kidney disease and latent tuberculosis Open
Objectives Tuberculosis comorbidity with chronic diseases including diabetes, HIV and chronic kidney disease is of rising concern. In particular, latent tuberculosis infection (LTBI) comorbidity with end‐stage kidney disease (ESKD) is asso…
View article: Endothelial cells promote productive HIV infection of resting CD4+ T cells by an integrin-mediated cell adhesion-dependent mechanism
Endothelial cells promote productive HIV infection of resting CD4+ T cells by an integrin-mediated cell adhesion-dependent mechanism Open
Resting CD4+ T cells do not support HIV replication in vitro , yet are primary targets of early HIV infection events in vivo . There is an established role for factors in the tissue microenvironment, including endothelial cells, in enhanci…
View article: Additional file 2 of Pathway mapping of leukocyte transcriptome in influenza patients reveals distinct pathogenic mechanisms associated with progression to severe infection
Additional file 2 of Pathway mapping of leukocyte transcriptome in influenza patients reveals distinct pathogenic mechanisms associated with progression to severe infection Open
Additional file 2. List of differentially expressed genes moderate vs healthy controls.
View article: Additional file 4 of Pathway mapping of leukocyte transcriptome in influenza patients reveals distinct pathogenic mechanisms associated with progression to severe infection
Additional file 4 of Pathway mapping of leukocyte transcriptome in influenza patients reveals distinct pathogenic mechanisms associated with progression to severe infection Open
Additional file 4. List of differentially expressed genes severe vs moderate.
View article: Additional file 3 of Pathway mapping of leukocyte transcriptome in influenza patients reveals distinct pathogenic mechanisms associated with progression to severe infection
Additional file 3 of Pathway mapping of leukocyte transcriptome in influenza patients reveals distinct pathogenic mechanisms associated with progression to severe infection Open
Additional file 3. List of differentially expressed genes severe vs healthy controls.
View article: Vitamin D treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells modulated immune activation and reduced susceptibility to HIV-1 infection of CD4+ T lymphocytes
Vitamin D treatment of peripheral blood mononuclear cells modulated immune activation and reduced susceptibility to HIV-1 infection of CD4+ T lymphocytes Open
Our in vitro findings suggest that VitD treatment could reduce HIV-1 transmission through a specific modulation of the activation levels and function of T cells, and the production of antiviral factors. In conclusion, VitD remains as an in…
View article: Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Women Have High Numbers of CD103−CD8+ T Cells Residing Close to the Basal Membrane of the Ectocervical Epithelium
Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Women Have High Numbers of CD103−CD8+ T Cells Residing Close to the Basal Membrane of the Ectocervical Epithelium Open
Our data provide insight into the distribution of CD8+ TRM cells in human genital mucosa, a critically important location for immune defense against pathogens, including HIV.
View article: Myristoylation: An Important Protein Modification in the Immune Response
Myristoylation: An Important Protein Modification in the Immune Response Open
Protein N-myristoylation is a cotranslational lipidic modification specific to the alpha-amino group of an N-terminal glycine residue of many eukaryotic and viral proteins. The ubiquitous eukaryotic enzyme, N-myristoyltransferase, catalyze…
View article: A novel immune biomarker<i>IFI27</i>discriminates between influenza and bacteria in patients with suspected respiratory infection
A novel immune biomarker<i>IFI27</i>discriminates between influenza and bacteria in patients with suspected respiratory infection Open
Host response biomarkers can accurately distinguish between influenza and bacterial infection. However, published biomarkers require the measurement of many genes, thereby making it difficult to implement them in clinical practice. This st…
View article: Subtype-Specific Differences in Gag-Protease-Driven Replication Capacity Are Consistent with Intersubtype Differences in HIV-1 Disease Progression
Subtype-Specific Differences in Gag-Protease-Driven Replication Capacity Are Consistent with Intersubtype Differences in HIV-1 Disease Progression Open
There are marked differences in the spread and prevalence of HIV-1 subtypes worldwide, and differences in clinical progression have been reported. However, the biological reasons underlying these differences are unknown. Gag-protease is es…
View article: QASI: A collaboration for implementation of an independent quality assessment programme in India
QASI: A collaboration for implementation of an independent quality assessment programme in India Open
Objective: The HIV pandemic remains a significant global health concern. Accurate determination of CD4+ T-cells in patient samples relies on reliable CD4 enumeration. The Quality Assessment and Standardization programme for Immunological m…
View article: Quality assurance for HIV point-of-care testing and treatment monitoring assays
Quality assurance for HIV point-of-care testing and treatment monitoring assays Open
In 2015, UNAIDS launched the 90-90-90 targets aimed at increasing the number of peopleinfected with HIV to become aware of their status, access antiretroviral therapies and ultimatelybe virally suppressed. To achieve these goals, countries…
View article: Automation for clinical CD4 T‐cell enumeration, a desirable tool in the hands of skilled operators
Automation for clinical CD4 T‐cell enumeration, a desirable tool in the hands of skilled operators Open
Background Automation in HIV clinical flow cytometry when appropriately applied brings considerable standardisation benefits. The Canadian Immunology Quality Assessment Program (CIQAP) detected situations where operators did not manually o…
View article: Cataloguing of Potential HIV Susceptibility Factors during the Menstrual Cycle of Pig-Tailed Macaques by Using a Systems Biology Approach
Cataloguing of Potential HIV Susceptibility Factors during the Menstrual Cycle of Pig-Tailed Macaques by Using a Systems Biology Approach Open
Our earlier studies with pig-tailed macaques demonstrated various simian-human immunodeficiency virus (SHIV) susceptibilities during the menstrual cycle, likely caused by cyclic variations in immune responses in the female genital tract. T…
View article: Non-Cationic Proteins Are Associated with HIV Neutralizing Activity in Genital Secretions of Female Sex Workers
Non-Cationic Proteins Are Associated with HIV Neutralizing Activity in Genital Secretions of Female Sex Workers Open
While cationic proteins appear to contribute to the majority of the intrinsic HIV neutralizing activity in the CVS of low-risk women, a broader range of non-cationic proteins were associated with HIV neutralizing activity in HESN and HIV-p…
View article: Molecular Signatures of Immune Activation and Epithelial Barrier Remodeling Are Enhanced during the Luteal Phase of the Menstrual Cycle: Implications for HIV Susceptibility
Molecular Signatures of Immune Activation and Epithelial Barrier Remodeling Are Enhanced during the Luteal Phase of the Menstrual Cycle: Implications for HIV Susceptibility Open
The variable infectivity and transmissibility of HIV/SHIV has been recently associated with the menstrual cycle, with particular susceptibility observed during the luteal phase in nonhuman primate models and ex vivo human explant cultures,…