Thomas H. Chun
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View article: A Survey of Adolescent and Caregiver Perceptions of Substance Use Screening in Pediatric Emergency Departments
A Survey of Adolescent and Caregiver Perceptions of Substance Use Screening in Pediatric Emergency Departments Open
Most adolescents and caregivers did not definitely support substance use screening in EDs and identified distinct barriers and facilitators. Addressing concerns about privacy, legal consequences, and trust while leveraging digital tools an…
View article: Effects of a novel <scp>GABA</scp>‐B positive allosteric modulator, <scp>ASP8062</scp>, on alcohol cue‐elicited craving and naturalistic alcohol consumption in a multisite randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial
Effects of a novel <span>GABA</span>‐B positive allosteric modulator, <span>ASP8062</span>, on alcohol cue‐elicited craving and naturalistic alcohol consumption in a multisite randomized, double‐blind, placebo‐controlled trial Open
Background The γ‐aminobutyric acid‐B (GABA B ) receptor is a promising target for the development of new medications to treat alcohol use disorder (AUD). The GABA B agonist baclofen has been reported to reduce alcohol consumption but is as…
View article: Variability in firearm injury among major pediatric trauma centers across the USA
Variability in firearm injury among major pediatric trauma centers across the USA Open
Objectives In 2020, firearm injuries surpassed automobile collisions as the leading cause of death in US children. Annual automobile fatalities have decreased during 40 years through a multipronged approach. To develop similarly targeted p…
View article: Prediction of Suicide Attempts and Suicide-Related Events Among Adolescents Seen in Emergency Departments
Prediction of Suicide Attempts and Suicide-Related Events Among Adolescents Seen in Emergency Departments Open
Importance Screening adolescents in emergency departments (EDs) for suicidal risk is a recommended strategy for suicide prevention. Comparing screening measures on predictive validity could guide ED clinicians in choosing a screening tool.…
View article: Comparative effectiveness and complications of intravenous ceftriaxone compared with oral doxycycline in Lyme meningitis in children: a multicentre prospective cohort study
Comparative effectiveness and complications of intravenous ceftriaxone compared with oral doxycycline in Lyme meningitis in children: a multicentre prospective cohort study Open
Introduction Lyme disease is the most common vectorborne disease in the Northern hemisphere with more than 400 000 new cases in the USA annually. Lyme meningitis is an uncommon but potentially serious clinical manifestation of Lyme disease…
View article: Emergency Department Child Abuse Evaluations During COVID-19: A Multicenter Study
Emergency Department Child Abuse Evaluations During COVID-19: A Multicenter Study Open
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE The reported impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic on child maltreatment in the United States have been mixed. Encounter trends for child physical abuse within pediatric emergency departments may provide insights. Thus,…
View article: The Development and Acceptability of a Comprehensive Crisis Prevention Program for Implementation in Health Care Settings
The Development and Acceptability of a Comprehensive Crisis Prevention Program for Implementation in Health Care Settings Open
Introduction Behavioral crises are increasingly prevalent in health care settings. Existing programs, however, include procedures that lack adaptability, omit critical components, and deviate from clinical best-practice recommendations. He…
View article: Prospective Validation of a Rapid Host Gene Expression Test to Discriminate Bacterial From Viral Respiratory Infection
Prospective Validation of a Rapid Host Gene Expression Test to Discriminate Bacterial From Viral Respiratory Infection Open
In this study, the HR-B/V test accurately discriminated bacterial from viral infection among patients with febrile ARI and was superior to procalcitonin measurement. The findings suggest that an accurate point-of-need host response test wi…
View article: Association of Physical Activity, Sports, and Screen Time With Adolescent Behaviors in Youth Who Visit the Pediatric Emergency Department
Association of Physical Activity, Sports, and Screen Time With Adolescent Behaviors in Youth Who Visit the Pediatric Emergency Department Open
Moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA), sports, and reduced screen time are associated with favorable youth risk profiles. We evaluated the association of MVPA, sports, and screen time with adolescent behaviors among pediatric emerg…
View article: Adolescent Alcohol use Predicts Cannabis use over a three Year follow-up Period
Adolescent Alcohol use Predicts Cannabis use over a three Year follow-up Period Open
Background: Alcohol and cannabis use frequently co-occur, which can result in problems from social and academic impairment to dependence (i.e., alcohol use disorder [AUD] and/or cannabis use disorder [CUD]). The Emergency Department (ED) i…
View article: Association Between Diarrhea Duration and Severity and Probiotic Efficacy in Children With Acute Gastroenteritis
Association Between Diarrhea Duration and Severity and Probiotic Efficacy in Children With Acute Gastroenteritis Open
INTRODUCTION: It is unclear whether the alleged efficacy of probiotics in childhood acute gastroenteritis depends on the duration and severity of symptoms before treatment. METHODS: Preplanned secondary analysis of 2 randomized placebo-con…
View article: IDeA States Pediatric Clinical Trials Network for Underserved and Rural Communities
IDeA States Pediatric Clinical Trials Network for Underserved and Rural Communities Open
The National Institutes of Health's Environmental Influences on Child Health Outcomes (ECHO) program aims to study high-priority and high-impact pediatric conditions. This broad-based health initiative is unique in the National Institutes …
View article: Factors Associated With Nonadherence in an Emergency Department‐based Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial of a Probiotic in Children With Acute Gastroenteritis
Factors Associated With Nonadherence in an Emergency Department‐based Multicenter Randomized Clinical Trial of a Probiotic in Children With Acute Gastroenteritis Open
Nonadherence in clinical trials affects safety and efficacy determinations. Predictors of nonadherence in pediatric acute illness trials are unknown. We sought to examine predictors of nonadherence in a multicenter randomized trial of 971 …
View article: Effects of Alcohol Cue Reactivity on Subsequent Treatment Outcomes Among Treatment‐Seeking Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder: A Multisite Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Clinical Trial of Varenicline
Effects of Alcohol Cue Reactivity on Subsequent Treatment Outcomes Among Treatment‐Seeking Individuals with Alcohol Use Disorder: A Multisite Randomized, Double‐Blind, Placebo‐Controlled Clinical Trial of Varenicline Open
Background The alcohol cue reactivity paradigm is increasingly used to screen medications for the treatment of alcohol use disorder (AUD) and other substance use disorders. Yet, its prospective association with craving and naturalistic dri…
View article: Sex Without Contraceptives in a Multicenter Study of Adolescent Emergency Department Patients
Sex Without Contraceptives in a Multicenter Study of Adolescent Emergency Department Patients Open
Objectives In the United States, rates of teenage pregnancy and sexually transmitted infections (STIs) remain exceptionally high, and racial and ethnic disparities persist. Emergency departments (EDs) care for over 19 million adolescents e…
View article: Predictive Validity of the CRAFFT for Substance Use Disorder
Predictive Validity of the CRAFFT for Substance Use Disorder Open
BACKGROUND The utility of CRAFFT (Car, Relax, Alone, Forget, Friends, Trouble) in identifying current and future problematic substance use and substance use disorders (SUDs) in pediatric emergency department (PED) patients is unknown. We c…
View article: Adolescent Substance Abuse Risk
Adolescent Substance Abuse Risk Open
Objectives The aim of this study was to understand the prevalence of alcohol and other substance use among teenagers in generalized samples. Methods This study compared the alcohol and other substance use of adolescents enrolled in a scree…
View article: Predictive Validity of a 2-Question Alcohol Screen at 1-, 2-, and 3-Year Follow-up
Predictive Validity of a 2-Question Alcohol Screen at 1-, 2-, and 3-Year Follow-up Open
The NIAAA 2-question screen can accurately characterize adolescent risk for future AUDs. Future studies are needed to determine optimaluse of the screen.
View article: <p>Substance use screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment training for emergency medicine trainees</p>
Substance use screening, brief intervention, and referral to treatment training for emergency medicine trainees Open
An SBIRT training curriculum for EM trainees was delivered successfully and utilized 12 months after implementation.
View article: Randomised controlled trial of <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> (LGG) versus placebo in children presenting to the emergency department with acute gastroenteritis: the PECARN probiotic study protocol
Randomised controlled trial of <i>Lactobacillus rhamnosus</i> (LGG) versus placebo in children presenting to the emergency department with acute gastroenteritis: the PECARN probiotic study protocol Open
Introduction Acute gastroenteritis (AGE) is a common and burdensome condition that affects millions of children worldwide each year. Currently available strategies are limited to symptomatic management, treatment and prevention of dehydrat…
View article: Methodology and Demographics of a Brief Adolescent Alcohol Screen Validation Study
Methodology and Demographics of a Brief Adolescent Alcohol Screen Validation Study Open
Objective The aim of this study was to determine the psychometric properties of the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) 2-question alcohol screen within 16 Pediatric Emergency Care Applied Research Network pediatric …
View article: Reliability and Validity of a Two-Question Alcohol Screen in the Pediatric Emergency Department
Reliability and Validity of a Two-Question Alcohol Screen in the Pediatric Emergency Department Open
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: A multisite study was conducted to determine the psychometric properties of the National Institute of Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism (NIAAA) 2-question alcohol screen within pediatric emergency departments (PEDs). M…