Thomas Kemper
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View article: GHS-OBAT: Global, open building attribute data reporting age, function, height and compactness at footprint level
GHS-OBAT: Global, open building attribute data reporting age, function, height and compactness at footprint level Open
Detailed geospatial data on building footprints represents a highly valuable source of information, as acknowledged by regulation in Europe. Such datasets are becoming increasingly available in Europe and at global scale, yet they often la…
View article: Advances on the Global Human Settlement Layer by joint assessment of Earth Observation and population survey data
Advances on the Global Human Settlement Layer by joint assessment of Earth Observation and population survey data Open
The Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) project fosters an enhanced, public understanding of the human presence on Earth. A decade after its inception in the Digital Earth 2020 vision, GHSL is an established project of the European Commis…
View article: Detecting Inequalities from Earth Observation–Derived Global Societal Variables
Detecting Inequalities from Earth Observation–Derived Global Societal Variables Open
Societal inequalities manifest at a range of scales, from coarse (inter-continent) to fine (intra-city). Satellite-measured night-time lights (NTL) have shown value for capturing and estimating socioeconomic characteristics, including econ…
View article: Land use efficiency of functional urban areas: Global pattern and evolution of development trajectories
Land use efficiency of functional urban areas: Global pattern and evolution of development trajectories Open
The application of last-generation spatial data modelling, integrating Earth Observation, population, economic and other spatially explicit data, enables insights into the sustainability of the global urbanisation processes with unpreceden…
View article: Open and Consistent Geospatial Data on Population Density, Built-Up and Settlements to Analyse Human Presence, Societal Impact and Sustainability: A Review of GHSL Applications
Open and Consistent Geospatial Data on Population Density, Built-Up and Settlements to Analyse Human Presence, Societal Impact and Sustainability: A Review of GHSL Applications Open
This review analyses peer-reviewed scientific publications and policy documents that use built-up density, population density and settlement typology spatial grids from the Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) project to quantify human pre…
View article: High-Resolution Maps of Material Stocks in Buildings and Infrastructures in Austria and Germany
High-Resolution Maps of Material Stocks in Buildings and Infrastructures in Austria and Germany Open
The dynamics of societal material stocks such as buildings and infrastructures and their spatial patterns drive surging resource use and emissions. Two main types of data are currently used to map stocks, night-time lights (NTL) from Earth…
View article: Material stock map of Germany
Material stock map of Germany Open
Dynamics of societal material stocks such as buildings and infrastructures and their spatial patterns drive surging resource use and emissions. Building up and maintaining stocks requires large amounts of resources; currently stock-buildin…
View article: Material stock map of Germany
Material stock map of Germany Open
Dynamics of societal material stocks such as buildings and infrastructures and their spatial patterns drive surging resource use and emissions. Building up and maintaining stocks requires large amounts of resources; currently stock-buildin…
View article: Material stock map of Austria
Material stock map of Austria Open
Dynamics of societal material stocks such as buildings and infrastructures and their spatial patterns drive surging resource use and emissions. Building up and maintaining stocks requires large amounts of resources; currently stock-buildin…
View article: Material stock map of Austria
Material stock map of Austria Open
Dynamics of societal material stocks such as buildings and infrastructures and their spatial patterns drive surging resource use and emissions. Building up and maintaining stocks requires large amounts of resources; currently stock-buildin…
View article: Applying the Degree of Urbanisation to the globe: A new harmonised definition reveals a different picture of global urbanisation
Applying the Degree of Urbanisation to the globe: A new harmonised definition reveals a different picture of global urbanisation Open
The Degree of Urbanisation is a new definition of cities, towns and semi-dense areas, and rural areas endorsed by the UN Statistical Commission. The urban population share according to the Degree of Urbanisation is similar to the one based…
View article: ENACT-POP R2020A - ENACT 2011 Population Grid
ENACT-POP R2020A - ENACT 2011 Population Grid Open
This spatial raster dataset depicts the distribution/density of population, expressed as the number of people per cell, during night-time and daytime for each month of 2011. The grids are produced by estimating the regional and monthly sto…
View article: Leveraging ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 for Mapping Built-Up Areas and Assessing Their Vertical Component
Leveraging ALOS-2 PALSAR-2 for Mapping Built-Up Areas and Assessing Their Vertical Component Open
Built-up areas extraction and characterization from remote sensing images is essential for monitoring urbanization and the associated challenges. This work presents a novel integrated classification framework building on the symbolic machi…
View article: Application of the Symbolic Machine Learning to Copernicus VHR Imagery: The European Settlement Map
Application of the Symbolic Machine Learning to Copernicus VHR Imagery: The European Settlement Map Open
This letter introduces the new European Settlement Map (ESM) workflow, results and validation. Unlike the previous ESM versions, it uses the supervised learning combined with the textural and morphological features for built-up area extrac…
View article: Multi-Scale Estimation of Land Use Efficiency (SDG 11.3.1) across 25 Years Using Global Open and Free Data
Multi-Scale Estimation of Land Use Efficiency (SDG 11.3.1) across 25 Years Using Global Open and Free Data Open
Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 11 aspires to “Make cities and human settlements inclusive, safe, resilient and sustainable”, and the introduction of an explicit urban goal testifies to the importance of urbanisation. The understanding …
View article: Automated global delineation of human settlements from 40 years of Landsat satellite data archives
Automated global delineation of human settlements from 40 years of Landsat satellite data archives Open
This paper presents the analysis of Earth Observation data records collected between 1975 and 2014 for assessing the extent and temporal evolution of the built-up surface in the frame of the Global Human Settlement Layer project. The scale…
View article: Principles and Applications of the Global Human Settlement Layer as Baseline for the Land Use Efficiency Indicator—SDG 11.3.1
Principles and Applications of the Global Human Settlement Layer as Baseline for the Land Use Efficiency Indicator—SDG 11.3.1 Open
The Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) produces new global spatial information, evidence-based analytics describing the human presence on the planet that is based mainly on two quantitative factors: (i) the spatial distribution (density)…
View article: Automated global delineation of human settlements from 40 years of Landsat satellite data archives
Automated global delineation of human settlements from 40 years of Landsat satellite data archives Open
This paper presents the analysis of Earth Observation data records collected between 1975 and 2014 for assessing the extent and temporal evolution of the built-up surface in the frame of the Global Human Settlement Layer project. The scale…
View article: Comparison of built‐up area maps produced within the global human settlement framework
Comparison of built‐up area maps produced within the global human settlement framework Open
The validation of built‐up areas derived from different sensors is crucial for gaining a deeper understanding of the consistency and interoperability between them. This article presents the methodology and results of an inter‐sensor compar…
View article: Built-up area and population density: Two Essential Societal Variables to address climate hazard impact
Built-up area and population density: Two Essential Societal Variables to address climate hazard impact Open
Scientists use Essential Climate Variables to understand and model the Earth's climate. Complementary to the Climate Variables this paper introduces global built-up area and population density, referred to as Essential Societal Variables, …
View article: Principles and Applications of the Global Human Settlement Layer as Baseline for the Land Use Efficiency Indicator –SDG 11.3.1
Principles and Applications of the Global Human Settlement Layer as Baseline for the Land Use Efficiency Indicator –SDG 11.3.1 Open
The Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) produces new global spatial information, evidence-based analytics and knowledge describing the human presence on the planet based mainly on two quantitative factors: i) the spatial distribution (den…
View article: Remote Sensing Derived Built-Up Area and Population Density to Quantify Global Exposure to Five Natural Hazards over Time
Remote Sensing Derived Built-Up Area and Population Density to Quantify Global Exposure to Five Natural Hazards over Time Open
Exposure is reported to be the biggest determinant of disaster risk, it is continuously growing and by monitoring and understanding its variations over time it is possible to address disaster risk reduction, also at the global level. This …
View article: Unveiling 25 Years of Planetary Urbanization with Remote Sensing: Perspectives from the Global Human Settlement Layer
Unveiling 25 Years of Planetary Urbanization with Remote Sensing: Perspectives from the Global Human Settlement Layer Open
In the last few decades the magnitude and impacts of planetary urban transformations have become increasingly evident to scientists and policymakers. The ability to understand these processes remained limited in terms of territorial scope …
View article: Megacities Spatiotemporal Dynamics Monitored with the Global Human Settlement Layer
Megacities Spatiotemporal Dynamics Monitored with the Global Human Settlement Layer Open
Megacities are urban agglomerations hosting at least 10 million inhabitants. The rise in number, population size, and spatial extent of megacities are among the most prominent manifestations of the process of urbanisation taking place in t…
View article: Big earth data analytics on Sentinel-1 and Landsat imagery in support to global human settlements mapping
Big earth data analytics on Sentinel-1 and Landsat imagery in support to global human settlements mapping Open
Continuous global-scale mapping of human settlements in the service of international agreements calls for massive volume of multi-source, multi-temporal and multi-scale earth observation data. In this paper, the latest developments in term…
View article: Assessing the quality of Global Human Settlement Layer products for Kampala, Uganda
Assessing the quality of Global Human Settlement Layer products for Kampala, Uganda Open
This paper evaluates the quality of Global Human Settlement Layer (GHSL) data (10 m pixels) derived from a 2010 QuickBird image of the city of Kampala, Uganda. The evaluation is carried out through visual and statistical comparison with a …
View article: Towards a multi-scale approach for an Earth observation-based assessment of natural resource exploitation in conflict regions
Towards a multi-scale approach for an Earth observation-based assessment of natural resource exploitation in conflict regions Open
The exploitation of resources, if not properly managed, can lead to spoiling natural habitats as well as to threatening people’s health, livelihoods and security. The paper discusses a multi-scale Earth observation-based approach to provid…