Thomas L. Botch
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View article: Sensory context improves language prediction in humans and LLMs
Sensory context improves language prediction in humans and LLMs Open
Language is a fundamental human capacity. Large language models (LLMs) have presented the first viable model of language outside of humans, yet how these models learn and use language differs significantly from humans. Here, we compare LLM…
View article: Sensory context as a universal principle of language in humans and LLMs
Sensory context as a universal principle of language in humans and LLMs Open
Language is a fundamental human capacity. Large language models (LLMs) have presented the first viable model of language outside of humans, yet how these models learn and use language differs significantly from humans. Here, we compare LLM…
View article: Gaze patterns modeled with a LLM can be used to classify autistic vs. non-autistic viewers
Gaze patterns modeled with a LLM can be used to classify autistic vs. non-autistic viewers Open
View article: Memory-based predictions facilitate perceptual judgements across head-turns in naturalistic scene perception
Memory-based predictions facilitate perceptual judgements across head-turns in naturalistic scene perception Open
Memory-based predictions influence perception, but how they are instantiated in naturalistic environments is unclear. Across five experiments, we used head-mounted virtual reality (VR) to test whether memory for a 360° environment facilita…
View article: Autistic group differences in social attention are magnified by real-world perceptual and linguistic features
Autistic group differences in social attention are magnified by real-world perceptual and linguistic features Open
Autism is characterized by differences in remarkably distinct functional domains, including sensory processing, social cognition, and language. How are autistic traits across these domains related, particularly in real-world environments? …
View article: vrGazeCore: an open-source package for virtual reality eye-tracking analysis
vrGazeCore: an open-source package for virtual reality eye-tracking analysis Open
Virtual reality (VR) is increasingly used in combination with in-headset eye-tracking to study active vision in 360° environments. However, most software currently available to process raw data from in-headset eye-trackers is expensive and…
View article: Memory-based predictions prime perceptual judgments across head turns in immersive, real-world scenes
Memory-based predictions prime perceptual judgments across head turns in immersive, real-world scenes Open
Each view of our environment captures only a subset of our immersive surroundings. Yet, our visual experience feels seamless. A puzzle for human neuroscience is to determine what cognitive mechanisms enable us to overcome our limited field…
View article: Active visual search in naturalistic environments reflects individual differences in classic visual search performance
Active visual search in naturalistic environments reflects individual differences in classic visual search performance Open
View article: vrGazeCore: A toolbox for virtual reality eye-tracking analysis
vrGazeCore: A toolbox for virtual reality eye-tracking analysis Open
View article: Memory-based predictions prime perceptual judgements of upcoming scene views in immersive, real-world scenes
Memory-based predictions prime perceptual judgements of upcoming scene views in immersive, real-world scenes Open
View article: Performance on classic and real-world visual search tasks in individuals with and without autism
Performance on classic and real-world visual search tasks in individuals with and without autism Open
Numerous studies report advantages in conjunctive visual search tasks in autism spectrum conditions (ASC) relative to neurotypical subjects, demonstrating faster responses that are less impacted by set size for individuals with ASC. Howeve…
View article: Memory-based predictions across head-turns in naturalistic scene perception
Memory-based predictions across head-turns in naturalistic scene perception Open
In familiar environments, memory-based predictions of upcoming, out-of-sight scene views are thought to supplement perceptual experience. Yet, how the visual system implements memory-guided predictions is not well understood. Using head-mo…
View article: Reduced social attention in autism is magnified by perceptual load in naturalistic environments
Reduced social attention in autism is magnified by perceptual load in naturalistic environments Open
Individuals with autism spectrum conditions (ASC) describe differences in both social cognition and sensory processing, but little is known about the causal relationship between these disparate functional domains. In the present study, we …
View article: Autistic group differences in naturalistic social attention are magnified by perceptual load
Autistic group differences in naturalistic social attention are magnified by perceptual load Open
Differences in both social and sensory processing are well described in the autism literature, but little is known about the causal relationship between these domains, particularly in real-world environments. In the present study, we sough…
View article: Author Correction: A deeper look at vision and memory
Author Correction: A deeper look at vision and memory Open
View article: Individual differences in visual search performance extend from artificial arrays to naturalistic environments
Individual differences in visual search performance extend from artificial arrays to naturalistic environments Open
Visual search is a universal human activity in naturalistic environments. Traditionally, visual search is investigated under tightly controlled conditions, where head-restricted participants locate a minimalistic target in a cluttered arra…
View article: Measuring Transitory Modulation of GABA Levels in the Visual Cortex
Measuring Transitory Modulation of GABA Levels in the Visual Cortex Open
Introduction: Binocular rivalry is thought to rely on the balance of excitatory and inhibitory neurotransmission in the visual cortex. Using Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy (MRS), we have previously linked rivalry dynamics to excitatory (g…
View article: Active Vision Impacts How We Move Our Eyes and What We Attend To: Evidence from Eye-tracking in Immersive, 360° Real-World Environments
Active Vision Impacts How We Move Our Eyes and What We Attend To: Evidence from Eye-tracking in Immersive, 360° Real-World Environments Open
Eye-tracking studies offer substantial insight into cognition, revealing which visual features viewers prioritize over others as they construct a sense of place in an environment. Yet, one key feature of real-world experience is overlooked…
View article: How colorful is visual experience? Evidence from gaze-contingent virtual reality
How colorful is visual experience? Evidence from gaze-contingent virtual reality Open
As soon as an observer opens their eyes, they have the immediate impression of a rich, colorful experience that encompasses their entire visual world. Here, we show that this impression is false. We used gaze-contingent rendering in immers…
View article: Application of Deep Neural Networks to Model Omnidirectional Gaze Behavior in Immersive VR
Application of Deep Neural Networks to Model Omnidirectional Gaze Behavior in Immersive VR Open
Convolutional neural networks (CNNs) are powerful computational tools for understanding visual cognition, including human gaze behavior (O’Connell et al., 2018). Traditionally, CNNs are designed to model visual images that typically repres…
View article: A causal study of bumetanide on a marker of excitatory-inhibitory balance in the human brain
A causal study of bumetanide on a marker of excitatory-inhibitory balance in the human brain Open
Bumetanide has received much interest as a potential pharmacological modulator of the putative imbalance in excitatory/inhibitory (E/I) signaling that is thought to characterize autism spectrum conditions. Yet, currently, no studies of bum…
View article: Active vision in immersive, 360° real-world environments
Active vision in immersive, 360° real-world environments Open
View article: The limits of color awareness during active, real-world vision
The limits of color awareness during active, real-world vision Open
Significance Color is a foundational aspect of visual experience that aids in segmenting objects, identifying food sources, and signaling emotions. Intuitively, it feels that we are immersed in a colorful world that extends to the farthest…
View article: Active Vision in Immersive, 360° Real-World Environments
Active Vision in Immersive, 360° Real-World Environments Open
Vision is an active process. Humans actively sample their sensory environment via saccades, head turns, and body movements. Yet, little is known about active visual processing in real-world environments. Here, we exploited recent advances …
View article: Gaze Behavior During 360°, Naturalistic Scene-Viewing
Gaze Behavior During 360°, Naturalistic Scene-Viewing Open
Little is known about gaze behavior in 360° naturalistic scenes. Much of what we know about gaze behavior comes from eye-tracking studies on fixed displays (computer monitors), where the fields of view are typically limited to ~20° visual …