Thomas Lenormand
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View article: Effects of deleterious mutations on the fixation of chromosomal inversions on autosomes and sex chromosomes
Effects of deleterious mutations on the fixation of chromosomal inversions on autosomes and sex chromosomes Open
Whether partially recessive deleterious mutations should favor the spread of chromosomal inversions extending permanently heterozygous sex determining regions (SDR) has led to some debate. In this article, we use individual-based simulatio…
View article: A single theory for the evolution of sex chromosomes and the two rules of speciation
A single theory for the evolution of sex chromosomes and the two rules of speciation Open
Sex chromosomes are involved in three major empirical patterns: (i) Y (or W) chromosomes are often nonrecombining and degenerate; (ii) heterogametic offspring (XY or ZW) from interspecific crosses are more often sterile or inviable compare…
View article: Rare sexual reproduction by females of “obligate parthenogenetic” lineages of <i>Daphnia</i> cf. <i>pulex</i>
Rare sexual reproduction by females of “obligate parthenogenetic” lineages of <i>Daphnia</i> cf. <i>pulex</i> Open
Rare sexual reproduction in otherwise asexual lineages is predicted to strongly alleviate the long-term costs of asexuality while avoiding most of the cost of sex. Here, we test for rare sexual reproduction in females of obligate parthenog…
View article: A single theory for the evolution of sex chromosomes and the two rules of speciation
A single theory for the evolution of sex chromosomes and the two rules of speciation Open
Sex chromosomes are involved in three major empirical patterns: Y (or W) chromosomes are often non-recombining and degenerate; heterogametic offspring (XY or ZW) from interspecific crosses are more often sterile or inviable than homogameti…
View article: Can mechanistic constraints on recombination reestablishment explain the long-term maintenance of degenerate sex chromosomes?
Can mechanistic constraints on recombination reestablishment explain the long-term maintenance of degenerate sex chromosomes? Open
Y and W chromosomes often stop recombining and degenerate. Most work on recombination suppression has focused on the mechanisms favoring recombination arrest in the short term. Yet, the long-term maintenance of recombination suppression is…
View article: Transgenerational chromosome repair in the asexual bdelloid rotifer<i>Adineta vaga</i>
Transgenerational chromosome repair in the asexual bdelloid rotifer<i>Adineta vaga</i> Open
Homologous recombination is an essential DNA repair mechanism that promotes chromosome pairing and ensures allele segregation during meiosis in sexual organisms. Here, we explore the dual function of homologous recombination in the bdelloi…
View article: No recombination suppression in asexually produced males of <i>Daphnia pulex</i>
No recombination suppression in asexually produced males of <i>Daphnia pulex</i> Open
Obligate parthenogenesis (OP) is often thought to evolve by disruption of reductional meiosis and suppression of crossover recombination. In the crustacean Daphnia pulex, OP lineages, which have evolved from cyclical parthenogenetic (CP) a…
View article: A putatively new ant species from the Cataglyphis cursor group displays low levels of polyandry with standard sexual reproduction
A putatively new ant species from the Cataglyphis cursor group displays low levels of polyandry with standard sexual reproduction Open
How social organisation (number of queens and mating partners) and reproductive systems (use of thelytoky vs sex) evolved in ants and how they interplay is still far from clear. The Cataglyphis desert ants represent a fascinating group as …
View article: Can mechanistic constraints on recombination reestablishment explain the long-term maintenance of degenerate sex chromosomes?
Can mechanistic constraints on recombination reestablishment explain the long-term maintenance of degenerate sex chromosomes? Open
Y and W chromosomes often stop recombining and degenerate. Most work on recombination suppression has focused on the mechanisms favoring recombination arrest in the short term. Yet, the long-term maintenance of recombination suppression is…
View article: The genetic architecture of local adaptation in a cline
The genetic architecture of local adaptation in a cline Open
Local adaptation is pervasive. It occurs whenever selection favors different phenotypes in different environments, provided that there is genetic variation for the corresponding traits and that the effect of selection is greater than the e…
View article: Environmental and fitness landscapes matter for the genetic basis of local adaptation
Environmental and fitness landscapes matter for the genetic basis of local adaptation Open
Local adaptation is pervasive. It occurs whenever selection favors different phenotypes in different environments, provided that there is genetic variation for the corresponding traits and that the effect of selection is greater than the e…
View article: Asexual male production by ZW recombination in<i>Artemia parthenogenetica</i>
Asexual male production by ZW recombination in<i>Artemia parthenogenetica</i> Open
In some asexual species, parthenogenetic females occasionally produce males, which may strongly affect the evolution and maintenance of asexuality if they cross with related sexuals and transmit genes causing asexuality to their offspring …
View article: Phenotypic but no genetic adaptation in zooplankton 24 years after an abrupt +10°C climate change
Phenotypic but no genetic adaptation in zooplankton 24 years after an abrupt +10°C climate change Open
The climate is currently warming fast, threatening biodiversity all over the globe. Populations often adapt rapidly to environmental change, but for climate warming very little evidence is available. Here, we investigate the pattern of ada…
View article: The genetic architecture of local adaptation in a cline
The genetic architecture of local adaptation in a cline Open
Local adaptation is pervasive. It occurs whenever selection favors different phenotypes in different environments, provided that there is genetic variation for the corresponding traits and that the effect of selection is greater than the e…
View article: Asexual male production by ZW recombination in <i>Artemia parthenogenetica</i>
Asexual male production by ZW recombination in <i>Artemia parthenogenetica</i> Open
In some asexual species, parthenogenetic females occasionally produce males, which may strongly affect the evolution and maintenance of asexuality if they cross with related sexuals and transmit genes causing asexuality to their offspring …
View article: Dosage compensation evolution in plants: theories, controversies and mechanisms
Dosage compensation evolution in plants: theories, controversies and mechanisms Open
In a minority of flowering plants, separate sexes are genetically determined by sex chromosomes. The Y chromosome has a non-recombining region that degenerates, causing a reduced expression of Y genes. In some species, the lower Y expressi…
View article: Y recombination arrest and degeneration in the absence of sexual dimorphism
Y recombination arrest and degeneration in the absence of sexual dimorphism Open
Current theory proposes that degenerated sex chromosomes—such as the mammalian Y—evolve through three steps: (i) recombination arrest, linking male-beneficial alleles to the Y chromosome; (ii) Y degeneration, resulting from the inefficacy …
View article: No support for a meiosis suppressor in<i>Daphnia pulex</i>: Comparison of linkage maps reveals normal recombination in males of obligate parthenogenetic lineages
No support for a meiosis suppressor in<i>Daphnia pulex</i>: Comparison of linkage maps reveals normal recombination in males of obligate parthenogenetic lineages Open
It is often assumed that obligate parthenogenesis (OP) evolves by a disruption of meiosis and recombination. One emblematic example that appears to support this view is the crustacean Daphnia pulex . Here, by constructing high-density link…
View article: Chromosome-level genome assembly reveals homologous chromosomes and recombination in asexual rotifer <i>Adineta vaga</i>
Chromosome-level genome assembly reveals homologous chromosomes and recombination in asexual rotifer <i>Adineta vaga</i> Open
High-quality genome assembly of ancient asexual rotifer reveals homologous chromosomes that frequently recombine.
View article: Chromosome-level genome assembly reveals homologous chromosomes and recombination in asexual rotifer Adineta vaga
Chromosome-level genome assembly reveals homologous chromosomes and recombination in asexual rotifer Adineta vaga Open
This repository contains supporting files from Simion & Narayan et al. Chromosome-level genome assembly reveals homologous chromosomes and recombination in asexual rotifer Adineta vaga, Science Advances, 2021.
View article: Chromosome-level genome assembly reveals homologous chromosomes and recombination in asexual rotifer Adineta vaga
Chromosome-level genome assembly reveals homologous chromosomes and recombination in asexual rotifer Adineta vaga Open
This repository contains supporting files from Simion & Narayan et al. Chromosome-level genome assembly reveals homologous chromosomes and recombination in asexual rotifer Adineta vaga, Science Advances, 2021.
View article: Biological scaling in green algae: the role of cell size and geometry
Biological scaling in green algae: the role of cell size and geometry Open
The Metabolic Scaling Theory (MST), hypothesizes limitations of resource-transport networks in organisms and predicts their optimization into fractal-like structures. As a result, the relationship between population growth rate and body si…
View article: The origin of asexual brine shrimps
The origin of asexual brine shrimps Open
Determining how and how often asexual lineages emerge within sexual species is central to our understanding of sex-asex transitions and the long-term maintenance of sex. Asexuality can arise “by transmission” from an existing asexual linea…
View article: Y recombination arrest and degeneration in the absence of sexual dimorphism
Y recombination arrest and degeneration in the absence of sexual dimorphism Open
Current theory proposes degenerated sex chromosomes evolve via three successive steps: recombination arrest, which links male-beneficial alleles to the Y chromosome; degeneration of these regions due to the inefficacy of natural selection …
View article: Not so clonal asexuals: Unraveling the secret sex life of<i>Artemia parthenogenetica</i>
Not so clonal asexuals: Unraveling the secret sex life of<i>Artemia parthenogenetica</i> Open
The maintenance of sex is paradoxical as sexual species pay the “twofold cost of males” and should thus quickly be replaced by asexual mutants reproducing clonally. However, asexuals may not be strictly clonal and engage in “cryptic sex,” …
View article: Strong transgenerational effects but no genetic adaptation in zooplankton 24 years after an abrupt +10°C climate change
Strong transgenerational effects but no genetic adaptation in zooplankton 24 years after an abrupt +10°C climate change Open
The climate is currently warming fast, threatening biodiversity all over the globe. Adaptation is often rapid when the environment changes quickly, but for climate warming very little evidence is available. Here, we investigate the pattern…
View article: Trait‐specific trade‐offs prevent niche expansion in two parasites
Trait‐specific trade‐offs prevent niche expansion in two parasites Open
It is often difficult to determine why parasites do not evolve broader niches, especially when there are closely related and ecologically similar hosts available. We used an experimental evolution approach to test whether source–sink demog…