Thomas R. Kwapil
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View article: Time to incorporate positive experiences and outcomes in psychosis research: genetic differential susceptibility to childhood experiences works for “better and for worse”
Time to incorporate positive experiences and outcomes in psychosis research: genetic differential susceptibility to childhood experiences works for “better and for worse” Open
View article: Integration of positive environmental factors and differentiation of parental figures in social exposome research
Integration of positive environmental factors and differentiation of parental figures in social exposome research Open
Background Early adversity is well established as a risk factor for poor mental health, but the potential protective role of positive experiences has been scarcely examined. The exposome paradigm provides a comprehensive framework to model…
View article: A longitudinal study of stress-sensitivity trajectories and schizotypy: Retrospective and momentary daily-life assessments of stress appraisals
A longitudinal study of stress-sensitivity trajectories and schizotypy: Retrospective and momentary daily-life assessments of stress appraisals Open
Heightened stress-sensitivity is a vulnerability factor to the extended psychosis phenotype (i.e., schizotypy), but longitudinal studies on its development and association with schizotypy are lacking. This study examines the stability of s…
View article: Using the experience sampling methodology to measure anhedonia and its correlates in mental health research: A systematic review
Using the experience sampling methodology to measure anhedonia and its correlates in mental health research: A systematic review Open
Anhedonia is a lack or loss of pleasure in daily life. This is the first systematic review to investigate anhedonia in mental health research with a focus on experience sampling methodology (ESM). The review aimed to identify how anhedonia…
View article: Using the Experience Sampling Methodology to measure anhedonia in mental health research: A systematic review
Using the Experience Sampling Methodology to measure anhedonia in mental health research: A systematic review Open
Anhedonia is a lack or loss of pleasure in daily life and is common across many mental health conditions. This is the first systematic review to investigate the following research questions: 1) How is anhedonia conceptualized and explicitl…
View article: Predictive Validity of Psychometrically Assessed Schizotypy for Psychopathology Dimensions and Functioning in an 8-Year Multiwave Study
Predictive Validity of Psychometrically Assessed Schizotypy for Psychopathology Dimensions and Functioning in an 8-Year Multiwave Study Open
Background and Hypothesis Although the psychometric high-risk method based on schizotypy has proven to be a highly cost-effective strategy for unraveling etiological factors for schizophrenia-spectrum disorders, there is a paucity of longi…
View article: Genetic Differences in Reactivity to the Environment Impact Psychotic-Like and Affective Reactivity in Daily Life
Genetic Differences in Reactivity to the Environment Impact Psychotic-Like and Affective Reactivity in Daily Life Open
Background and Hypothesis Consistent with diathesis-stress models, psychosis research has focused on genetic moderation of adverse environmental exposures. In contrast, the Differential Susceptibility (DS) model suggests that the same gene…
View article: Association between Adverse Childhood Experiences and long-term outcomes in people at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis
Association between Adverse Childhood Experiences and long-term outcomes in people at Clinical High-Risk for Psychosis Open
View article: ASSOCIATION OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL IMPULSIVITY WITH DISORGANIZATION AND DYSFUNCTION IN DAILY LIFE
ASSOCIATION OF MULTIDIMENSIONAL IMPULSIVITY WITH DISORGANIZATION AND DYSFUNCTION IN DAILY LIFE Open
View article: Positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy have differential patterns of emotion expression and regulation
Positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy have differential patterns of emotion expression and regulation Open
Positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy are differentially associated with affective expression, including mean levels and temporal patterns. Extending these findings, we examined intensity, beliefs, and management of emotions in m…
View article: The Interaction of Polygenic Susceptibility to Stress and Childhood Adversity Dimensions Predicts Longitudinal Trajectories of Stress‐Sensitivity
The Interaction of Polygenic Susceptibility to Stress and Childhood Adversity Dimensions Predicts Longitudinal Trajectories of Stress‐Sensitivity Open
Stress‐sensitivity (SS) is considered a psychobiological trait possibly resulting from the interaction of genetic and environmental factors (GxE). This study examined whether the interaction of SS‐related genetic markers with interview‐bas…
View article: Sex-specific association between schizophrenia polygenic risk and subclinical schizophrenia-related traits
Sex-specific association between schizophrenia polygenic risk and subclinical schizophrenia-related traits Open
Our results are consistent with the lack of clear evidence of an association between SZ common genetic risk and its subclinical phenotypes. Nevertheless, the male-specific association found suggests that this PRS might explain better the m…
View article: Association of Positive, Negative, and Disorganized Schizotypy With the Temporal Dynamics of Schizotypic Experiences in Daily Life
Association of Positive, Negative, and Disorganized Schizotypy With the Temporal Dynamics of Schizotypic Experiences in Daily Life Open
Background and Hypothesis Schizotypy is a useful and unifying construct for examining the etiology, development, and expression of schizophrenia-spectrum psychopathology. The positive, negative, and disorganized schizotypy dimensions are a…
View article: A longitudinal study of the impact of childhood adversity dimensions on social and psychological factors and symptoms of psychosis, depression, and anxiety
A longitudinal study of the impact of childhood adversity dimensions on social and psychological factors and symptoms of psychosis, depression, and anxiety Open
The present study examined three empirically-derived childhood adversity dimensions as predictors of social, psychological, and symptom outcomes across three prospective assessments of a young adult sample. Participants were assessed five …
View article: A systematic review of the application of experience sampling methodology to measure anhedonia in psychiatry and mental health
A systematic review of the application of experience sampling methodology to measure anhedonia in psychiatry and mental health Open
Anhedonia is a lack or loss of pleasure in daily life and is common across many mental health disorders (i.e., transdiagnostic). This is the first systematic review to investigate: 1) How is anhedonia conceptualized and explicitly measured…
View article: Differential Risk: Gender and Racial Differences in the Relationship between Trauma, Discrimination, and Schizotypy
Differential Risk: Gender and Racial Differences in the Relationship between Trauma, Discrimination, and Schizotypy Open
Traumatic experiences are associated with increased experiences of positive schizotypy. This may be especially important for People of Color, who experience higher rates of trauma and racial discrimination. No study to date has examined ho…
View article: Variation in Divergent Thinking, Executive-Control Abilities, and Mind-Wandering Measured in and Out of the Laboratory
Variation in Divergent Thinking, Executive-Control Abilities, and Mind-Wandering Measured in and Out of the Laboratory Open
Individual differences in executive functions (or executive control abilities) predict variation in creative thinking ability. Relatedly, propensity for mind-wandering-or task unrelated thought-has been gaining attention among creativity s…
View article: Variation in divergent thinking, executive-control abilities, and mind-wandering measured in and out of the laboratory
Variation in divergent thinking, executive-control abilities, and mind-wandering measured in and out of the laboratory Open
Individual differences in executive functions (or executive control abilities) predict variation in creative thinking ability. Relatedly, propensity for mind-wandering—or task unrelated thought—has been gaining attention among creativity s…
View article: Positive, Negative, and Disorganized Schizotypy Have Differential Patterns Of Emotion Expression and Regulation
Positive, Negative, and Disorganized Schizotypy Have Differential Patterns Of Emotion Expression and Regulation Open
View article: I don’t understand how I feel: mediating role of impaired self-mentalizing in the relationship between childhood adversity and psychosis spectrum experiences
I don’t understand how I feel: mediating role of impaired self-mentalizing in the relationship between childhood adversity and psychosis spectrum experiences Open
Introduction Childhood adversity is associated with the severity of multiple dimensions of psychosis, but the mechanisms underpinning the close link between the two constructs is unclear. Mentalization may underlie this relationship, as im…
View article: Ambivalence Predicts Schizotypic Symptoms and Impairment in Daily Life: An Experience Sampling Methodology Study
Ambivalence Predicts Schizotypic Symptoms and Impairment in Daily Life: An Experience Sampling Methodology Study Open
Pathological ambivalence, which refers to the simultaneous experience of opposing and contradictory thoughts or emotions, is a relatively understudied construct despite its integral role in early formulations of schizophrenia and schizotyp…
View article: Variation in divergent thinking, executive-control abilities, and mind-wandering measured in and out of the laboratory
Variation in divergent thinking, executive-control abilities, and mind-wandering measured in and out of the laboratory Open
Individual differences in executive functions (or executive control abilities) predict variation in creative thinking ability. Relatedly, propensity for mind-wandering has been gaining attention among creativity scholars, but its effects o…
View article: Genetic Susceptibility to the Environment Moderates the Impact of Childhood Experiences on Psychotic, Depressive, and Anxiety Dimensions
Genetic Susceptibility to the Environment Moderates the Impact of Childhood Experiences on Psychotic, Depressive, and Anxiety Dimensions Open
Background and Hypothesis Gene-by-environment (GxE) studies in psychosis have exclusively focused on negative exposures. However, evidence supports the resilience-enhancing effect of positive factors on psychosis outcome. The Differential …
View article: Empirically-derived dimensions of childhood adversity and cumulative risk: associations with measures of depression, anxiety, and psychosis-spectrum psychopathology
Empirically-derived dimensions of childhood adversity and cumulative risk: associations with measures of depression, anxiety, and psychosis-spectrum psychopathology Open
Background: Investigating different approaches to operationalizing childhood adversity and how they relate to transdiagnostic psychopathology is relevant to advance research on mechanistic processes and to inform intervention effort…
View article: Mnemonic discrimination deficits in multidimensional schizotypy
Mnemonic discrimination deficits in multidimensional schizotypy Open
Current developmental psychopathology models indicate that schizophrenia can be understood as the most extreme expression of a multidimensional continuum of symptoms and impairment referred to as schizotypy. In nondisordered adults, schizo…
View article: Schizophrenia polygenic risk score in psychosis proneness
Schizophrenia polygenic risk score in psychosis proneness Open
View article: A psychosocial pathway to paranoia: The interplay between social connectedness and self-esteem
A psychosocial pathway to paranoia: The interplay between social connectedness and self-esteem Open
View article: Speech Illusions in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis Linked to Clinical Outcome
Speech Illusions in People at Clinical High Risk for Psychosis Linked to Clinical Outcome Open
Background and hypothesis Around 20% of people at clinical high risk (CHR) for psychosis later develop a psychotic disorder, but it is difficult to predict who this will be. We assessed the incidence of hearing speech (termed speech illusi…
View article: The Schizotypal Ambivalence Scale: An Item Response Theory Analysis
The Schizotypal Ambivalence Scale: An Item Response Theory Analysis Open
Ambivalence has a prominent role in the historical formulations of schizotypy and schizophrenia, as well as borderline personality disorder. However, it has been overlooked by our current diagnostic nomenclature. The Schizotypal Ambivalenc…
View article: Psychological Pathways to Paranoia and Psychotic-Like Experiences in Daily-Life: The Mediating Role of Distinct Affective Disturbances
Psychological Pathways to Paranoia and Psychotic-Like Experiences in Daily-Life: The Mediating Role of Distinct Affective Disturbances Open
Background and Hypothesis Influential models of psychosis indicate that the impact of putative causal factors on positive symptoms might be explained partly through affective disturbances. We aimed to investigate whether pathways from stre…