Gerard T. Schuster
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View article: Extending the Width of Short Aperture Data by Data-Driven Extrapolation
Extending the Width of Short Aperture Data by Data-Driven Extrapolation Open
It is commonly believed that it is infeasible to estimate the phase velocity of a surface wave with a recording aperture less than $λ/2$ in length, where $λ$ is the horizontal wavelength of the propagating wave. We show both theoretically …
View article: Rocketquake Seismology with a Falcon 9 Rocket Source
Rocketquake Seismology with a Falcon 9 Rocket Source Open
We investigate the feasibility of using rocket launches, specifically rocketquakes, as a seismic source to image subsurface velocity and geology of planetary bodies. Toward this goal, we record the seismic vibrations excited by a Falcon 9 …
View article: Identifying the Unique Geochemical Fingerprints of Omo Group Beds around Lake Turkana, Kenya by Modified Gaussian Discrimination Analysis
Identifying the Unique Geochemical Fingerprints of Omo Group Beds around Lake Turkana, Kenya by Modified Gaussian Discrimination Analysis Open
A modified Gaussian Discriminant Analysis (GDA) is used with an optimal search strategy to identify the unique geochemical fingerprints of six different geological beds in the Lake Turkana area. Three-hundred samples were collected from si…
View article: Overview of Physics-Informed Machine Learning Inversion of Geophysical Data
Overview of Physics-Informed Machine Learning Inversion of Geophysical Data Open
We review four types of algorithms for physics-informed machine learning (PIML) inversion of geophysical data. The unifying equation is given by the joint objective function $ε$: \begin{eqnarray} ε^{||-PIML}&=&λ_1 \overbrace{||{\bf W}^{ML}…
View article: Semi-universal geo-crack detection by machine learning
Semi-universal geo-crack detection by machine learning Open
Introduction: Cracks are a key feature that determines the structural integrity of rocks, and their angular distribution can be used to determine the local or regional stress patterns. The temporal growth of cracks can be monitored in orde…
View article: Near-surface real-time seismic imaging using parsimonious interferometry
Near-surface real-time seismic imaging using parsimonious interferometry Open
Results are presented for real-time seismic imaging of subsurface fluid flow by parsimonious refraction and surface-wave interferometry. Each subsurface velocity image inverted from time-lapse seismic data only requires several minutes of …
View article: Superpixel-Based Convolutional Neural Network for Georeferencing the Drone Images
Superpixel-Based Convolutional Neural Network for Georeferencing the Drone Images Open
Information extracted from aerial photographs has been used for many practical applications such as urban planning, forest management, disaster relief, and climate modeling. In many cases labeling of information in the photo is still perfo…
View article: Seismic inversion by Newtonian machine learning
Seismic inversion by Newtonian machine learning Open
We present a wave-equation inversion method that inverts skeletonized seismic data for the subsurface velocity model. The skeletonized representation of the seismic traces consists of the low-rank latent-space variables predicted by a well…
View article: Deep convolutional neural network and sparse least-squares migration
Deep convolutional neural network and sparse least-squares migration Open
We have recast the forward pass of a multilayered convolutional neural network (CNN) as the solution to the problem of sparse least-squares migration (LSM). The CNN filters and feature maps are shown to be analogous, but not equivalent, to…
View article: Data for: SEISMIC IMAGING OF THE OLDUVAI BASIN
Data for: SEISMIC IMAGING OF THE OLDUVAI BASIN Open
These data are seismic data collected over the Olduvai Basin. They consist of five profiles, with each length of 1.2 km. In each profile, there are 240 chanels with the geophones spacing 5 m. The active shots with a spacing of 10 m for a p…
View article: Seismic Inversion by Newtonian Machine Learning
Seismic Inversion by Newtonian Machine Learning Open
We present a wave-equation inversion method that inverts skeletonized data for the subsurface velocity model. The skeletonized representation of the seismic traces consists of the low-rank latent-space variables predicted by a well-trained…
View article: Deep Convolutional Neural Network and Sparse Least Squares Migration
Deep Convolutional Neural Network and Sparse Least Squares Migration Open
We recast the forward pass of a multilayered convolutional neural network (CNN) as the solution to the problem of sparse least squares migration (LSM). The CNN filters and feature maps are shown to be analogous, but not equivalent, to the …
View article: Wave‐Equation Dispersion Inversion of Guided <i>P</i> Waves in a Waveguide of Arbitrary Geometry
Wave‐Equation Dispersion Inversion of Guided <i>P</i> Waves in a Waveguide of Arbitrary Geometry Open
We present a dispersion‐inversion method which inverts for the P ‐velocity model from guided waves propagating in wave guides of arbitrary geometry. Its misfit function is the squared summation of differences between the predicted and obse…
View article: Full‐waveform inversion with multisource frequency selection of marine streamer data
Full‐waveform inversion with multisource frequency selection of marine streamer data Open
The theory and practice of multisource full‐waveform inversion of marine supergathers are described with a frequency‐selection strategy. The key enabling property of frequency selection is that it eliminates the crosstalk among sources, th…
View article: Parsimonious surface wave interferometry
Parsimonious surface wave interferometry Open
To decrease the recording time of a 2D seismic survey from a few days to one hour or less, we present a parsimonious surface-wave interferometry method. Interferometry allows for the creation of a large number of virtual shot gathers from …
View article: Superresolution near-field imaging with surface waves
Superresolution near-field imaging with surface waves Open
We present the theory for near-field superresolution imaging with surface waves and time reverse mirrors (TRMs). Theoretical formulas and numerical results show that applying the TRM operation to surface waves in an elastic half-space can …
View article: Parsimonious refraction interferometry and tomography
Parsimonious refraction interferometry and tomography Open
We present parsimonious refraction interferometry and tomography where a densely populated refraction data set can be obtained from two reciprocal and several infill shot gathers. The assumptions are that the refraction arrivals are head w…
View article: Extracting 220 Hz information from 55 Hz field data by near-field superresolution imaging
Extracting 220 Hz information from 55 Hz field data by near-field superresolution imaging Open
Field experiments are used to unequivocally demonstrate seismic superresolution imaging of subwavelength objects in the near-field region of the source. The field test is for a conventional hammer source striking a metal plate near subwave…
View article: Far-field super-resolution imaging of resonant multiples
Far-field super-resolution imaging of resonant multiples Open
Seismic resonant multiples, which can yield resolutions more than twice the classical resolution limit, are used for far-field super-resolution imaging.
View article: Anthropogenic-Induced Changes in the Mechanism of Drylands Ephemeral Stream Recharge, Western Saudi Arabia
Anthropogenic-Induced Changes in the Mechanism of Drylands Ephemeral Stream Recharge, Western Saudi Arabia Open
Wadi aquifers in Saudi Arabia historically have been recharged primarily by channel loss (infiltration) during floods. Historically, seasonal groundwater levels fluctuated from land surface to about 3 m below the surface. Agricultural irri…
View article: Imaging near-surface heterogeneities by natural migration of backscattered surface waves
Imaging near-surface heterogeneities by natural migration of backscattered surface waves Open
We present a migration method that does not require a velocity model to migrate backscattered surface waves to their projected locations on the surface. This migration method, denoted as natural migration, uses recorded Green's functions a…
View article: Controlled Noise Seismology
Controlled Noise Seismology Open
We use controlled noise seismology (CNS) to generate surface waves, where we continuously record seismic data while generating artificial noise along the profile line. To generate the CNS data we drove a vehicle around the geophone line an…