Timothy J. Key
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View article: The plasma proteome of plant-based diets: Analyses of 2920 proteins in 49,615 people
The plasma proteome of plant-based diets: Analyses of 2920 proteins in 49,615 people Open
In this first comprehensive assessment of plasma proteins by diet group, we identified many differences in proteins between vegetarians, vegans and meat eaters; this variation in protein levels suggests differences in various biological ac…
View article: Evaluation of the 4Kscore Test in Relation to Subsequent Risk of Aggressive Prostate Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
Evaluation of the 4Kscore Test in Relation to Subsequent Risk of Aggressive Prostate Cancer in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Open
Background: PSA is central to referrals for prostate biopsy but has low specificity for aggressive prostate cancer. This study evaluates the 4Kscore (OPKO Diagnostics) versus total PSA in predicting short- and long-term risks of aggressive…
View article: The plasma proteome of plant-based diets: analyses of 2920 proteins in 49,615 people from the UK Biobank
The plasma proteome of plant-based diets: analyses of 2920 proteins in 49,615 people from the UK Biobank Open
The investigation of proteomics, which describes the large-scale study of multiple proteins and their interconnected pathways, may enable a more comprehensive understanding of disease mechanisms due to the integral role of proteins in many…
View article: Large-scale plasma proteomics uncovers preclinical molecular signatures of Parkinson’s disease and overlap with other neurodegenerative disorders
Large-scale plasma proteomics uncovers preclinical molecular signatures of Parkinson’s disease and overlap with other neurodegenerative disorders Open
Parkinson’s disease (PD) remains incurable, with a long preclinical phase currently undetectable by existing methods. In the largest proteomic study in neurodegenerative diseases to date, we analyzed blood samples from ∼74,000 individuals …
View article: Sex differences in cancer incidence: prospective analyses in the UK Biobank
Sex differences in cancer incidence: prospective analyses in the UK Biobank Open
Background We examined differences in cancer incidence between women and men and the extent to which these persisted after accounting for established risk factors. Methods Prospective analyses in the UK Biobank to examine associations betw…
View article: Dietary Amino Acids and Risk of Stroke Subtypes: Results from 3 Large Prospective Cohort Studies
Dietary Amino Acids and Risk of Stroke Subtypes: Results from 3 Large Prospective Cohort Studies Open
Higher intakes of glutamine and proline were associated with lower risks of ischemic and total stroke.
View article: Prospective and genetic analyses implicate lower immunosurveillance in the aetiology of prostate cancer
Prospective and genetic analyses implicate lower immunosurveillance in the aetiology of prostate cancer Open
Tumour promoting inflammation and the ability to evade immune destruction are two of the hallmarks of cancer, but there is limited prospective evidence for the role of specific inflammation and immune-related pathways and protein markers i…
View article: Diet-wide analyses for risk of colorectal cancer: prospective study of 12,251 incident cases among 542,778 women in the UK
Diet-wide analyses for risk of colorectal cancer: prospective study of 12,251 incident cases among 542,778 women in the UK Open
Uncertainty remains regarding the role of diet in colorectal cancer development. We examined associations of 97 dietary factors with colorectal cancer risk in 542,778 Million Women Study participants (12,251 incident cases over 16.6 years)…
View article: Perturbations in the blood metabolome up to a decade before prostate cancer diagnosis in 4387 matched case–control sets from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition
Perturbations in the blood metabolome up to a decade before prostate cancer diagnosis in 4387 matched case–control sets from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition Open
Measuring pre‐diagnostic blood metabolites may help identify novel risk factors for prostate cancer. Using data from 4387 matched case–control pairs from the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study, we inv…
View article: Data from Prospective analysis reveals associations between carbohydrate intakes, genetic predictors of short-chain fatty acid synthesis, and colorectal cancer risk
Data from Prospective analysis reveals associations between carbohydrate intakes, genetic predictors of short-chain fatty acid synthesis, and colorectal cancer risk Open
Whole grain and fiber intakes may decrease the risk of colorectal cancer. The interplay between host genetic factors, colonization of specific bacteria, production of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA), and intake of whole grains and fiber cou…
View article: Supplementary Material from Prospective analysis reveals associations between carbohydrate intakes, genetic predictors of short-chain fatty acid synthesis, and colorectal cancer risk
Supplementary Material from Prospective analysis reveals associations between carbohydrate intakes, genetic predictors of short-chain fatty acid synthesis, and colorectal cancer risk Open
Supplementary Material
View article: Supplementary Material from Prospective analysis reveals associations between carbohydrate intakes, genetic predictors of short-chain fatty acid synthesis, and colorectal cancer risk
Supplementary Material from Prospective analysis reveals associations between carbohydrate intakes, genetic predictors of short-chain fatty acid synthesis, and colorectal cancer risk Open
Supplementary Material
View article: Associations of fruit intake with adiposity and cardiometabolic biomarkers in UK Biobank
Associations of fruit intake with adiposity and cardiometabolic biomarkers in UK Biobank Open
Background Fruit consumption has been associated with a lower cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk but the underlying mechanisms are unclear. We investigated the cross-sectional and prospective associations of fruit consumption with markers o…
View article: Methods and participant characteristics in the Cancer Risk in Vegetarians Consortium: a cross-sectional analysis across 11 prospective studies
Methods and participant characteristics in the Cancer Risk in Vegetarians Consortium: a cross-sectional analysis across 11 prospective studies Open
Background The associations of vegetarian diets with risks for site-specific cancers have not been estimated reliably due to the low number of vegetarians in previous studies. Therefore, the Cancer Risk in Vegetarians Consortium was establ…
View article: Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Cardiovascular Disease in the UK Biobank: The Role of Confounding
Fruit and Vegetable Intake and Cardiovascular Disease in the UK Biobank: The Role of Confounding Open
Objectives: Fruit and vegetable (FV) consumption has been inversely associated with cardiovascular disease, but questions remain about the extent to which these results are due to confounding. Methods: From 2006–2010, >0.5 million adults a…
View article: The EAT-Lancet Planetary Health Diet: Impact on Cardiovascular Disease and the Environment in the EPIC Cohort
The EAT-Lancet Planetary Health Diet: Impact on Cardiovascular Disease and the Environment in the EPIC Cohort Open
Background Diet plays an important role in the development of cardiovascular diseases and in maintaining sustainable planetary boundaries. The EAT-Lancet Planetary Health Diet could potentially provide co-benefits for human and environment…
View article: Diet-wide analyses for risk of colorectal cancer: prospective study of 12,250 incident cases among 543,000 women in the UK
Diet-wide analyses for risk of colorectal cancer: prospective study of 12,250 incident cases among 543,000 women in the UK Open
Background Apart from alcohol and processed meat, uncertainty remains regarding the role of diet in the aetiology of colorectal cancer. We conducted a large diet-wide association study of colorectal cancer risk, together with a targeted ge…
View article: Circulating free insulin-like growth factor-I and prostate cancer: a case-control study nested in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition
Circulating free insulin-like growth factor-I and prostate cancer: a case-control study nested in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition Open
Background Circulating total insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) is an established risk factor for prostate cancer. However, only a small proportion of circulating IGF-I is free or readily dissociable from IGF-binding proteins (its bioava…
View article: Alcohol intake and endogenous sex hormones in women: Meta‐analysis of cohort studies and Mendelian randomization
Alcohol intake and endogenous sex hormones in women: Meta‐analysis of cohort studies and Mendelian randomization Open
Background The mechanisms underlying alcohol‐induced breast carcinogenesis are not fully understood but may involve hormonal changes. Methods Cross‐sectional associations were investigated between self‐reported alcohol intake and serum or …
View article: Assessing Performance of Contemporary Plant-Based Diets against the UK Dietary Guidelines: Findings from the Feeding the Future (FEED) Study
Assessing Performance of Contemporary Plant-Based Diets against the UK Dietary Guidelines: Findings from the Feeding the Future (FEED) Study Open
Uncertainty remains about the composition of contemporary plant-based diets and whether they provide recommended nutrient intakes. We established Feeding the Future (FEED), an up-to-date online cohort of UK adults following different plant…
View article: Breast cancer risk prediction in women aged 35-50 years: impact of including sex hormone concentrations in the Gail model
Breast cancer risk prediction in women aged 35-50 years: impact of including sex hormone concentrations in the Gail model Open
Background: Models that accurately predict risk of breast cancer are needed to help younger women make decisions about when to begin screening. Premenopausal concentrations of circulating anti-Müllerian hormone (AMH), a biomarker of ovaria…
View article: Breast cancer risk after recent childbirth: A pooled analysis of 15 prospective studies
Breast cancer risk after recent childbirth: A pooled analysis of 15 prospective studies Open
Background: Parity is widely recognized as protective for breast cancer, but breast cancer risk may be increased shortly after childbirth. Whether this risk varies with breastfeeding, family history of breast cancer, or specific tumor subt…
View article: Methods and participant characteristics in the Cancer Risk in Vegetarians Consortium: A cross-sectional analysis across 11 prospective studies
Methods and participant characteristics in the Cancer Risk in Vegetarians Consortium: A cross-sectional analysis across 11 prospective studies Open
Background The associations of vegetarian diets with risks for site-specific cancers have not been estimated reliably due to the low number of vegetarians in previous studies. Therefore, the Cancer Risk in Vegetarians Consortium was establ…
View article: Circulating NMR Metabolites in White and British Indian Vegetarians and Non-Vegetarians in the UK Biobank
Circulating NMR Metabolites in White and British Indian Vegetarians and Non-Vegetarians in the UK Biobank Open
Background and objectives: Metabolomics is influenced by diet and may inform underlying mechanisms for diseases. We aimed to assess differences in circulating metabolites between people of different habitual dietary groups. Methods: The UK…
View article: Plasma Proteomic Profiles of White British and British Indian Vegetarians and Non-Vegetarians in the UK Biobank
Plasma Proteomic Profiles of White British and British Indian Vegetarians and Non-Vegetarians in the UK Biobank Open
Background and objectives: Proteins have an integral role in almost all biological processes and may be influenced by environmental factors, such as diet. We aimed to assess differences in circulating proteins between people of different h…