Timothy J. Break
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View article: Evaluation of a multiplexed oligonucleotide ligation assay for SARS-CoV-2 variant identification
Evaluation of a multiplexed oligonucleotide ligation assay for SARS-CoV-2 variant identification Open
This multiplexed oligonucleotide ligation assays demonstrated accurate SARS-CoV-2 variant typing compared to whole genome sequencing. Such an approach has the potential to provide improved turnaround compared to sequencing and more detaile…
View article: Response to Comments on “Aberrant type 1 immunity drives susceptibility to mucosal fungal infections”
Response to Comments on “Aberrant type 1 immunity drives susceptibility to mucosal fungal infections” Open
Puel and Casanova and Kisand et al . challenge our conclusions that interferonopathy and not IL-17/IL-22 autoantibodies promote candidiasis in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy–candidiasis–ectodermal dystrophy. We acknowledge that conclusive e…
View article: Aberrant type 1 immunity drives susceptibility to mucosal fungal infections
Aberrant type 1 immunity drives susceptibility to mucosal fungal infections Open
Type 1 immunity gives fungi a foothold Type 17 immune responses play a vital role against fungal infections of the mucosa. It remains unclear whether other types of immune responses can also contribute to host defense against these pathoge…
View article: Oral epithelial IL-22/STAT3 signaling licenses IL-17–mediated immunity to oral mucosal candidiasis
Oral epithelial IL-22/STAT3 signaling licenses IL-17–mediated immunity to oral mucosal candidiasis Open
IL-22 signaling limits oral candidiasis via proliferation of basal epithelial cells and replenishment of an IL-17–responsive layer.
View article: PD-L1 up-regulation restrains Th17 cell differentiation in STAT3 loss- and STAT1 gain-of-function patients
PD-L1 up-regulation restrains Th17 cell differentiation in STAT3 loss- and STAT1 gain-of-function patients Open
Patients with hypomorphic mutations in STAT3 and patients with hypermorphic mutations in STAT1 share several clinical and cellular phenotypes suggesting overlapping pathophysiologic mechanisms. We, therefore, examined cytokine signaling an…
View article: Critical Adverse Impact of IL-6 in Acute Pneumovirus Infection
Critical Adverse Impact of IL-6 in Acute Pneumovirus Infection Open
Severe respiratory virus infections feature robust local host responses that contribute to disease severity. Immunomodulatory strategies that limit virus-induced inflammation may be of critical importance, notably in the absence of antivir…
View article: VT-1598 inhibits the in vitro growth of mucosal Candida strains and protects against fluconazole-susceptible and -resistant oral candidiasis in IL-17 signalling-deficient mice
VT-1598 inhibits the in vitro growth of mucosal Candida strains and protects against fluconazole-susceptible and -resistant oral candidiasis in IL-17 signalling-deficient mice Open
VT-1598 effectively controls in vitro growth of mucosally derived Candida clinical isolates, including fluconazole-resistant strains. In vivo, VT-1598 eliminates C. albicans, even after a long washout period or at low doses. Therefore, VT-…
View article: VT-1161 protects mice against oropharyngeal candidiasis caused by fluconazole-susceptible and -resistant Candida albicans
VT-1161 protects mice against oropharyngeal candidiasis caused by fluconazole-susceptible and -resistant Candida albicans Open
VT-1129 and VT-1161 exhibit significant in vitro activity against Candida strains, including fluconazole-resistant C. albicans and C. glabrata. VT-1161 administration in mice results in significant mucosal drug accumulation and eradicates …
View article: PD-L1 up-regulation restrains Th17 cell differentiation in <i>STAT3</i> loss- and <i>STAT1</i> gain-of-function patients
PD-L1 up-regulation restrains Th17 cell differentiation in <i>STAT3</i> loss- and <i>STAT1</i> gain-of-function patients Open
Patients with hypomorphic mutations in STAT3 and patients with hypermorphic mutations in STAT1 share several clinical and cellular phenotypes suggesting overlapping pathophysiologic mechanisms. We, therefore, examined cytokine signaling an…
View article: VT-1598 Inhibits the in vitro Growth of Mucosal Candida Isolates and Protects Against Oropharyngeal Candidiasis in IL-17 Deficient Mice
VT-1598 Inhibits the in vitro Growth of Mucosal Candida Isolates and Protects Against Oropharyngeal Candidiasis in IL-17 Deficient Mice Open
BACKGROUND: Patients with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis (CMC) often develop azole-resistant Candida infections, making treatment difficult due to lack of oral antifungal drug options. VT-1598 is a novel broad-spectrum fungal CYP51 inhi…
View article: Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Enhances Recruitment of Immature Neutrophils to the Liver
Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase Enhances Recruitment of Immature Neutrophils to the Liver Open
Listeria monocytogenes is a Gram-positive intracellular pathogen that causes spontaneous abortion in pregnant women, as well as septicemia, meningitis, and gastroenteritis, primarily in immunocompromised individuals. Although L. monocytoge…
View article: Redefined clinical features and diagnostic criteria in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy
Redefined clinical features and diagnostic criteria in autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy Open
Autoimmune polyendocrinopathy-candidiasis-ectodermal dystrophy (APECED) is a rare primary immunodeficiency disorder typically caused by homozygous AIRE mutations. It classically presents with chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis and autoimmun…
View article: CD8+ T cells produce a dialyzable antigen-specific activator of dendritic cells
CD8+ T cells produce a dialyzable antigen-specific activator of dendritic cells Open
Cellular lysates from PPD+ donors have been reported to transfer tuberculin reactivity to naïve recipients, but not diphtheria reactivity, and vice versa. A historically controversial topic, the terms “transfer factor” and “DLE” were used …
View article: Batf3-dependent CD103<sup>+</sup>dendritic cell accumulation is dispensable for mucosal and systemic antifungal host defense
Batf3-dependent CD103<sup>+</sup>dendritic cell accumulation is dispensable for mucosal and systemic antifungal host defense Open
Dendritic cells (DCs) are critical for defense against a variety of pathogens and the formation of adaptive immune responses. The transcription factor Batf3 is critical for the development of CD103(+)CD11b(-) DCs, which promote IL-12-depen…
View article: CXCR1-mediated neutrophil degranulation and fungal killing promote <i>Candida</i> clearance and host survival
CXCR1-mediated neutrophil degranulation and fungal killing promote <i>Candida</i> clearance and host survival Open
CXCR1 as a mediator of neutrophil fungal killing and host defense against systemic fungal infection in mice and humans.