Explanipedia

AveloMask, a novel breath aerosol collection kit for airborne <i>Mycobacterium tuberculosis</i> : a proof-of-principle assessment Open

Patricia Risch, Tobias Broger, Zandile Booi, Katie Tiseo, Harshitha Santhosh Kumar , et al. · 2025

Tuberculosis (TB) remains the world’s deadliest infectious disease, with many active cases missed due to challenges in sputum collection. Exhaled breath aerosols (XBA), a major route of Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) transmission, offer …

AveloMask, a novel breath aerosol collection kit for airborne Mycobacterium tuberculosis: a proof-of-principle assessment Open

Patricia Risch, Tobias Broger, Zandile Booi, Katie Tiseo, Harshitha Santhosh Kumar , et al. · 2025

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) remains the world's deadliest infectious disease, with sputum-based diagnostics failing to detect many active cases, often due to difficulty in specimen collection. Breath aerosols, a major route of Mycobacter…

Host blood protein biomarkers to screen for tuberculosis disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis Open

Mary Gaeddert, Kerstin Glaser, Bih H. Chendi, Ayten Sultanli, Lisa Koeppel , et al. · 2024

Non-sputum tests are needed to improve tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis and close the diagnostic gap. The World Health Organization’s target product profile (TPP) for point-of-care (POC) screening tests requires a minimum sensitivity of 90% and…

Innovative COVID-19 Point-of-Care Diagnostics Suitable for Tuberculosis Diagnosis: A Scoping Review Open

Lydia Holtgrewe, Sonal Jain, Ralitza Dekova, Tobias Broger, Chris Isaacs , et al. · 2024

Rapid and accurate point-of-care (POC) tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics are crucial to bridge the TB diagnostic gap. Leveraging recent advancements in COVID-19 diagnostics, we explored adapting commercially available POC SARS-CoV-2 tests for …

Diagnostic yield as an important metric for the evaluation of novel tuberculosis tests: rationale and guidance for future research Open

Tobias Broger, Florian M. Marx, Grant Theron, Ben J. Marais, Mark P. Nicol , et al. · 2024

Better access to tuberculosis testing is a key priority for fighting tuberculosis, the leading cause of infectious disease deaths in people. Despite the roll-out of molecular WHO-recommended rapid diagnostics to replace sputum smear micros…

Innovative COVID-19 Point-of-Care Diagnostics Suitable for Tuberculosis Diagnosis: A Scoping Review Open

Lydia Holtgrewe, Sonal Jain, Ralitza Dekova, Tobias Broger, Chris Isaacs , et al. · 2024

Introduction Rapid and accurate point-of-care (POC) tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics are a key priority to close the TB diagnostic gap of 3.1 million people without a diagnosis. Leveraging the recent surge in COVID-19 diagnostic innovation, w…

Host blood protein biomarkers to screen for Tuberculosis disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis Open

Mary Gaeddert, Kerstin Glaser, Bih H. Chendi, Ayten Sultanli, Lisa Koeppel , et al. · 2024

Introduction Non-sputum tests are needed to improve TB diagnosis and close the diagnostic gap. The World Health Organization target product profile (TPP) for point-of-care (POC) screening tests requires minimum sensitivity 90% and specific…

Blazing the trail for innovative tuberculosis diagnostics Open

Seda Yerlikaya, Tobias Broger, Chris Isaacs, David Bell, Lydia Holtgrewe , et al. · 2023

The COVID-19 pandemic brought diagnostics into the spotlight in an unprecedented way not only for case management but also for population health, surveillance, and monitoring. The industry saw notable levels of investment and accelerated r…

Diagnostic performance of host protein signatures as a triage test for active pulmonary TB Open

Lisa Koeppel, Claudia M. Denkinger, Romain Wyss, Tobias Broger, Novel N. Chegou , et al. · 2023

The current four-symptom screen recommended by the World Health Organization (WHO) is widely used as screen to initiate diagnostic testing for active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), yet the performance is poor especially when TB prevalence is…

Diagnostic Accuracy of a Novel Tuberculosis Point-of-Care Urine Lipoarabinomannan Assay for People Living with HIV: A Meta-Analysis of Individual In- and Outpatient Data Open

Tobias Broger, Mark P. Nicol, Rita Székely, Stephanie Bjerrum, Bianca Sossen , et al. · 2023

Traditional diagnostic methods, such as culture or smear microscopy, are slow or low in sensitivity. More sensitive modern techniques, such as Xpert MTB/RIF, require a certain infrastructure, are costly, and are not widely accessible. Diag…

Diagnostic yield of urine lipoarabinomannan and sputum tuberculosis tests in people living with HIV: a systematic review and meta-analysis of individual participant data Open

Tobias Broger, Lisa Koeppel, Helena Huerga, Poppy Miller, Ankur Gupta‐Wright , et al. · 2023

Diagnostic performance of host protein signatures as a triage test for active pulmonary TB Open

Lisa Koeppel, Claudia M. Denkinger, Romain Wyss, Tobias Broger, Novel N. Chegou , et al. · 2023

The current four symptom screen recommended by the WHO is widely used as screen to initiate diagnostic testing for active pulmonary tuberculosis (TB), yet the performance is poor especially when TB prevalence is low. In contrast, more sens…

Innovative COVID-19 point-of-care diagnostics suitable for tuberculosis diagnosis: a scoping review protocol Open

Seda Yerlikaya, Lydia Holtgrewe, Tobias Broger, Chris Isaacs, Payam Nahid , et al. · 2023

Introduction In 2014, the WHO published high-priority target product profiles (TPPs) for new tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics to align end-user needs with test targets and specifications; nevertheless, no TB test meets these targets to date. …

User perspectives and preferences on a novel TB LAM diagnostic (Fujifilm SILVAMP TB LAM)–a qualitative study in Malawi and Zambia Open

Yannis Herrmann, Federica Lainati, María del Mar Castro, Chanda Mwamba, Moses Kumwenda , et al. · 2022

Widely available tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics use sputum samples. However, many patients, particularly children and patients living with HIV (PLHIV), struggle to provide sputum. Urine diagnostics are a promising approach to circumvent thi…

Diagnostic accuracy of WHO screening criteria to guide lateral-flow lipoarabinomannan testing among HIV-positive inpatients: A systematic review and individual participant data meta-analysis Open

Ashar Dhana, Yohhei Hamada, André Pascal Kengne, Andrew D. Kerkhoff, Tobias Broger , et al. · 2022

Diagnostic Accuracy of Urine Lipoarabinomannan Testing in Early Morning Urine versus Spot Urine for Diagnosis of Tuberculosis among People with HIV Open

Stephanie Bjerrum, Johanna Åhsberg, Rita Székely, Japheth A. Opintan, Margaret Lartey , et al. · 2022

This study indicates that FujiLAM testing performs equivalently on spot and early morning urine samples for detecting tuberculosis among people with HIV. Sensitivity could be increased with a two-sample strategy but at the risk of lower sp…

Diagnostic Yield of Urine Lipoarabinomannan and Sputum Tuberculosis Tests in People Living with HIV: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Individual Participant Data Open

Tobias Broger, Lisa Koeppel, Helena Huerga, Poppy Miller, Ankur Gupta‐Wright , et al. · 2022

Can we predict antibody responses in SARS-CoV-2? A cohort analysis Open

Mary Gaeddert, Philip J. Kitchen, Tobias Broger, Stefan Weber, Ralf Bartenschlager , et al. · 2021

Background After infection with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2), Immunoglobulin G (IgG) antibodies and virus-specific neutralizing antibodies (nAbs) develop. This study describes antibody responses in a cohort of…

A Novel Bedside Rule-in Test for Tuberculous Meningitis in Human Immunodeficiency Virus–Infected Adults Open

Tobias Broger, Mark P. Nicol · 2021

Cost-effectiveness of a Novel Lipoarabinomannan Test for Tuberculosis in Patients With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Open

Krishna P. Reddy, Claudia M. Denkinger, Tobias Broger, Nicole C. McCann, Ankur Gupta‐Wright , et al. · 2020

Background A novel urine lipoarabinomannan assay (FujiLAM) has higher sensitivity and higher cost than the first-generation AlereLAM assay. We evaluated the cost-effectiveness of FujiLAM for tuberculosis testing among hospitalized people w…

Accuracy of a Novel Urine Test, Fujifilm SILVAMP Tuberculosis Lipoarabinomannan, for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Children Open

Mark P. Nicol, Samuel G. Schumacher, Lesley Workman, Tobias Broger, Cynthia Baard , et al. · 2020

Background An accurate point-of-care test for tuberculosis (TB) in children remains an elusive goal. Recent evaluation of a novel point-of-care urinary lipoarabinomannan test, Fujifilm SILVAMP Tuberculosis Lipoarabinomannan (FujiLAM), in a…

Diagnostic accuracy of 3 urine lipoarabinomannan tuberculosis assays in HIV-negative outpatients Open

Tobias Broger, Mark P. Nicol, George B. Sigal, Eduardo Gotuzzo, A. Zimmer , et al. · 2020

BACKGROUNDInadequate tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics are a major hurdle in the reduction of disease burden, and accurate point-of-care tests (POCTs) are urgently needed. We assessed the diagnostic accuracy of Fujifilm SILVAMP TB lipoarabinom…

Diagnostic accuracy of a novel tuberculosis point-of-care urine lipoarabinomannan assay for people living with HIV: A meta-analysis of individual in- and outpatient data Open

Tobias Broger, Mark P. Nicol, Rita Székely, Stephanie Bjerrum, Bianca Sossen , et al. · 2020

In this study, we found that SILVAMP-LAM identified a substantially higher proportion of TB patients in PLHIV than LF-LAM. The sensitivity of SILVAMP-LAM was highest in patients with CD4 count ≤ 100 cells/μl. Further work is needed to demo…

“SILVAMP TB LAM” Rapid Urine Tuberculosis Test Predicts Mortality in Patients Hospitalized With Human Immunodeficiency Virus in South Africa Open

Bianca Sossen, Tobias Broger, Andrew D. Kerkhoff, Charlotte Schutz, André Trollip , et al. · 2020

Reducing diagnostic delay is key toward decreasing tuberculosis-associated deaths in people living with human immunodeficiency virus. In tuberculosis patients with retrospective urine testing, the point-of-care Fujifilm SILVAMP TB LAM (Fuj…

Point-Of-Care Urine LAM Tests for Tuberculosis Diagnosis: A Status Update Open

Michelle A. Bulterys, Bradley G. Wagner, Maël Redard-Jacot, Anita Suresh, Nira R. Pollock , et al. · 2019

Most diagnostic tests for tuberculosis (TB) rely on sputum samples, which are difficult to obtain and have low sensitivity in immunocompromised patients, patients with disseminated TB, and children, delaying treatment initiation. The World…

Diagnostic Accuracy of a Novel and Rapid Lipoarabinomannan Test for Diagnosing Tuberculosis Among People With Human Immunodeficiency Virus Open

Stephanie Bjerrum, Tobias Broger, Rita Székely, Satoshi Mitarai, Japheth A. Opintan , et al. · 2019

Background The novel Fujifilm SILVAMP TB-LAM (FujiLAM) assay detects mycobacterial lipoarabinomannan in urine and has demonstrated superior sensitivity to the Alere Determine TB-LAM Ag (AlereLAM) assay for detection of tuberculosis among h…

Point-of-Care Urine LAM Tests for Tuberculosis Diagnosis: A Mini-Review Open

Michelle A. Bulterys, Bradley G. Wagner, Maël Redard-Jacot, Anita Suresh, Nira R. Pollock , et al. · 2019

Most diagnostic tests for tuberculosis (TB) rely on sputum samples, which are difficult to obtain and have low sensitivity in immunocompromised patients, patients with disseminated TB, and children, delaying treatment initiation. The World…

Diagnostic sensitivity of SILVAMP TB-LAM (FujiLAM) point-of-care urine assay for extra-pulmonary tuberculosis in people living with HIV Open

Andrew D. Kerkhoff, Bianca Sossen, Charlotte Schutz, Elena Ivanova Reipold, André Trollip , et al. · 2019

FujiLAM point-of-care rapid urine test for TB detects a large proportion of pulmonary and traditionally difficult-to-diagnose extra-pulmonary forms of TB in hospitalised patients with advanced HIV http://bit.ly/36Dl0Eo

Guidance for Studies Evaluating the Accuracy of Biomarker-Based Nonsputum Tests to Diagnose Tuberculosis Open

Paul K. Drain, Jennifer L. Gardiner, Haylea Hannah, Tobias Broger, Keertan Dheda , et al. · 2019

The World Health Organization’s (WHO) “End TB” strategy calls for development and implementation of novel tuberculosis (TB) diagnostics. Sputum-based diagnostics are challenging to implement and often less sensitive in high-priority popula…

Guidance for Studies Evaluating the Accuracy of Tuberculosis Triage Tests Open

Ruvandhi R. Nathavitharana, Christina Yoon, Peter MacPherson, David W. Dowdy, Adithya Cattamanchi , et al. · 2019

Approximately 3.6 million cases of active tuberculosis (TB) go potentially undiagnosed annually, partly due to limited access to confirmatory diagnostic tests, such as molecular assays or mycobacterial culture, in community and primary hea…

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