Explanipedia

Ecological and phylogenetic influences on limb joint kinematics in wild primates Open

Judith Janisch, Allison McNamara, Lydia Myers, Nicole Schapker, Noah T. Dunham , et al. · 2024

Arboreal locomotion is precarious and places multiple challenges upon stability. Studies have shown that captive primates respond to narrower and steeper supports by flexing limb joints and adopting a compliant gait. We tested whether thes…

Examining the Dimensions of the Bicipital Groove: A Human Cadaveric Study Open

Anthony N. Baumann, Grayson M. Talaski, Andrew Fiorentino, Katelyn Sidloski, Hudson Rogers , et al. · 2023

Introduction Understanding the mechanisms and risk factors associated with bicipital groove (BG) morphology is essential for optimizing patient outcomes. Despite interest in the topic of BG morphology, there remains a lack of clarity and c…

Comparing age‐ and bone‐related differences in collagen fiber orientation: A case study of bats and laboratory mice using quantitative polarized light microscopy Open

Tobin L. Hieronymus, David A. Waugh, Hope C. Ball, Christopher J. Vinyard, Alex Galazyuk , et al. · 2023

As bones age in most mammals, they typically become more fragile. This state of bone fragility is often associated with more homogenous collagen fiber orientations (CFO). Unlike most mammals, bats maintain mechanically competent bone throu…

Datasets and R code for "Ecological and phylogenetic influences on limb joint kinematics in wild primates" Open

Judith Janisch, Allison McNamara, Lydia Myers, Nicole Schapker, Taylor Phelps , et al. · 2023

R code and datasets relating to "Ecological and phylogenetic influences on limb joint kinematics in wild primates". Arboreal locomotion is precarious and places multiple challenges upon stability when animals are moving over narrow, compl…

Intraskeletal consistency in patterns of vascularity within bat limb bones Open

Janna M. Andronowski, Mary E. Cole, Tobin L. Hieronymus, Reed A. Davis, Logan R. Usher , et al. · 2021

Bats are the only mammals to have achieved powered flight. A key innovation allowing for bats to conquer the skies was a forelimb modified into a flexible wing. The wing bones of bats are exceptionally long and dynamically bend with wingbe…

The Stabilizing Function of the Tail During Arboreal Quadrupedalism Open

Jesse W. Young, Brad A. Chadwell, Noah T. Dunham, Allison McNamara, Taylor Phelps , et al. · 2021

Locomotion on the narrow and compliant supports of the arboreal environment is inherently precarious. Previous studies have identified a host of morphological and behavioral specializations in arboreal animals broadly thought to promote st…

Correction: First record of the Miocene hominoid Sivapithecus from Kutch, Gujarat state, western India Open

Ansuya Bhandari, Richard F. Kay, Blythe A. Williams, B. N. Tiwari, Sunil Bajpai , et al. · 2019

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0206314.].

A new zygodactylid species indicates the persistence of stem passerines into the early Oligocene in North America Open

Tobin L. Hieronymus, David A. Waugh, Julia A. Clarke · 2019

Dataset for Dunham et al "Free-ranging primates largely use diagonal sequence gaits regardless of substrate diameter" Open

Noah T. Dunham, Allison McNamara, Liza J. Shapiro, Tobin L. Hieronymus, Jesse W. Young · 2019

Dataset used to analyze the influence of substrate diameter and phylogenetic history on gait usage (i.e., limb phase) in eleven species of free-ranging platyrrhines moving about in their natural environment

First record of the Miocene hominoid Sivapithecus from Kutch, Gujarat state, western India Open

Ansuya Bhandari, Richard F. Kay, Blythe A. Williams, B. N. Tiwari, Sunil Bajpai , et al. · 2018

Hominoid remains from Miocene deposits in India and Pakistan have played a pivotal role in understanding the evolution of great apes and humans since they were first described in the 19th Century. We describe here a hominoid maxillary frag…

Evolutionary aspects of the development of teeth and baleen in the bowhead whale Open

J. G. M. Thewissen, Tobin L. Hieronymus, John C. George, Robert Suydam, Raphaela Stimmelmayr , et al. · 2017

In utero , baleen whales initiate the development of several dozens of teeth in upper and lower jaws. These tooth germs reach the bell stage and are sometimes mineralized, but toward the end of prenatal life they are resorbed and no trace …

Aquatic Habits of Cetacean Ancestors: Integrating Bone Microanatomy and Stable Isotopes Open

Lisa Noelle Cooper, Mark T. Clementz, Sharon Usip, Sunil Bajpai, S. T. Hussain , et al. · 2016

The earliest cetaceans were interpreted as semi-aquatic based on the presence of thickened bones and stable oxygen isotopes in tooth enamel. However, the origin of aquatic behaviors in cetacean relatives (e.g., raoellids, anthracotheres) r…

Flight feather attachment in rock pigeons (<i>Columba livia</i>): covert feathers and smooth muscle coordinate a morphing wing Open

Tobin L. Hieronymus · 2016

Mechanisms for passively coordinating forelimb movements and flight feather abduction and adduction have been described separately from both in vivo and ex vivo studies. Skeletal coordination has been identified as a way for birds to simpl…

A comparison of postnatal arterial patterns in a growth series of giraffe (Artiodactyla:<i>Giraffa camelopardalis</i>) Open

Haley O'brien, Paul M. Gignac, Tobin L. Hieronymus, Lawrence M. Witmer · 2016

Nearly all living artiodactyls (even-toed ungulates) possess a derived cranial arterial pattern that is highly distinctive from most other mammals. Foremost among a suite of atypical arterial configurations is the functional and anatomical…

Macroevolutionary developmental biology: Embryos, fossils, and phylogenies Open

Chris L. Organ, Lisa Noelle Cooper, Tobin L. Hieronymus · 2015

The field of evolutionary developmental biology is broadly focused on identifying the genetic and developmental mechanisms underlying morphological diversity. Connecting the genotype with the phenotype means that evo‐devo research often co…

Microanatomical correlates of muscle attachment and their implications for muscular reconstruction Open

Tobin L. Hieronymus · 2015

Qualitative skeletal correlates of wing shape in extant birds (Aves: Neoaves) Open

Tobin L. Hieronymus · 2015

Although quill knobs are cited as skeletal correlates of flight performance in birds, their relationship to wing shape is inconsistent among extant taxa, and may reflect diverging selection pressures acting on a conserved architecture. In …

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