Michael T. Williams
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View article: Auditory Event-Related Potentials in Two Rat Models of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Evidence of Automatic Attention Deficits in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats but Not in Latrophilin-3 Knockout Rats
Auditory Event-Related Potentials in Two Rat Models of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Evidence of Automatic Attention Deficits in Spontaneously Hypertensive Rats but Not in Latrophilin-3 Knockout Rats Open
Background/Objectives: Variations of the latrophilin-3 (Lphn3) gene have been associated with attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To explore the functional influence of this gene, Lphn3 knockout (KO) rats were generated and ha…
View article: Auditory Event-Related Potentials in Two Rat Models of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Evidence of Automatic Attention Deficits in the Spontaneously Hypertensive but Not LPHN3 Knockout Rats
Auditory Event-Related Potentials in Two Rat Models of Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder: Evidence of Automatic Attention Deficits in the Spontaneously Hypertensive but Not LPHN3 Knockout Rats Open
Background/Objectives Variations of the latrophilin-3 (Lphn3) gene have been associated with atten-tion-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). To explore the functional influence of this gene, Lphn3 knockout (KO) rats were generated and ha…
View article: <i>Latrophilin-3</i>conditional knockout in tyrosine hydroxylase neurons (<i>Lphn3-Th- Cre</i>) Compared with<i>Lphn3</i>Global KO rats: Role of<i>Lphn3</i>in Tyrosine Hydroxylase Neurons on the Cognitive and Behavioral Effects of this ADHD Susceptibility Gene
<i>Latrophilin-3</i>conditional knockout in tyrosine hydroxylase neurons (<i>Lphn3-Th- Cre</i>) Compared with<i>Lphn3</i>Global KO rats: Role of<i>Lphn3</i>in Tyrosine Hydroxylase Neurons on the Cognitive and Behavioral Effects of this ADHD Susceptibility Gene Open
Latrophilin-3 (LPHN3) is a brain specific adhesion G-protein coupled receptor associated with elevated risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD). We developed a global Lphn3 knock-out (gKO) rat using CRISPR/Cas9 to delete exo…
View article: Examining the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on performance of the sustained attention to response task in children with an <scp>FASD</scp>
Examining the effects of prenatal alcohol exposure on performance of the sustained attention to response task in children with an <span>FASD</span> Open
Prenatal alcohol exposure (PAE), the leading known cause of childhood developmental disability, has long‐lasting effects extending throughout the lifespan. It is well documented that children prenatally exposed to alcohol have difficulties…
View article: Impulsive choice in two different rat models of ADHD—Spontaneously hypertensive and Lphn3 knockout rats
Impulsive choice in two different rat models of ADHD—Spontaneously hypertensive and Lphn3 knockout rats Open
Introduction Impulsivity is a symptom of attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and variants in the Lphn3 (Adgrl3 ) gene (OMIM 616417) have been linked to ADHD. This project utilized a delay-discounting (DD) task to examine the im…
View article: Cognitive and behavioral effects of whole brain conventional or high dose rate (FLASH) proton irradiation in a neonatal Sprague Dawley rat model
Cognitive and behavioral effects of whole brain conventional or high dose rate (FLASH) proton irradiation in a neonatal Sprague Dawley rat model Open
Recent studies suggest that ultra-high dose rates of proton radiation (>40 Gy/s; FLASH) confer less toxicity to exposed healthy tissue and reduce cognitive decline compared with conventional radiation dose rates (~1 Gy/s), but further prec…
View article: Comprehensive Behavioral Analysis of Opsin 3 (Encephalopsin)-Deficient Mice Identifies Role in Modulation of Acoustic Startle Reflex
Comprehensive Behavioral Analysis of Opsin 3 (Encephalopsin)-Deficient Mice Identifies Role in Modulation of Acoustic Startle Reflex Open
Opsin-3 ( Opn3 , encephalopsin) was the first nonvisual opsin gene discovered in mammals. Since then, several Opn3 functions have been described, and in two cases (adipose tissue, smooth muscle) light sensing activity is implicated. In add…
View article: <i>Latrophilin‐3</i> heterozygous versus homozygous mutations in Sprague Dawley rats: Effects on egocentric and allocentric memory and locomotor activity
<i>Latrophilin‐3</i> heterozygous versus homozygous mutations in Sprague Dawley rats: Effects on egocentric and allocentric memory and locomotor activity Open
Latrophilin‐3 (LPHN3) is a brain specific G‐protein coupled receptor associated with increased risk of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and cognitive deficits. CRISPR/Cas9 was used to generate a constitutive knockout (KO) ra…
View article: Review of Conventional and High Dose Rate Brain Radiation (FLASH): Neurobehavioural, Neurocognitive and Assessment Issues in Rodent Models
Review of Conventional and High Dose Rate Brain Radiation (FLASH): Neurobehavioural, Neurocognitive and Assessment Issues in Rodent Models Open
Ionising radiation causes secondary tumours and/or enduring cognitive deficits, especially in children. Proton radiotherapy reduces exposure of the developing brain in children but may still cause some lasting effects. Recent observations …
View article: An assessment of executive function in two different rat models of <scp>attention‐deficit</scp> hyperactivity disorder: Spontaneously hypertensive versus <i>Lphn3</i> knockout rats
An assessment of executive function in two different rat models of <span>attention‐deficit</span> hyperactivity disorder: Spontaneously hypertensive versus <i>Lphn3</i> knockout rats Open
Attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) a common neurodevelopmental disorder of childhood and often comorbid with other externalizing disorders (EDs). There is evidence that externalizing behaviors share a common genetic etiology. …
View article: GABAA Alpha 2,3 Modulation Improves Select Phenotypes in a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome
GABAA Alpha 2,3 Modulation Improves Select Phenotypes in a Mouse Model of Fragile X Syndrome Open
Fragile X syndrome (FXS) is the most common cause of inherited intellectual disability. FXS is caused by functional loss of the Fragile X Protein (FXP), also known as Fragile X Mental Retardation Protein (FMRP). In humans and animal models…
View article: Translating Neurobehavioral Toxicity Across Species From Zebrafish to Rats to Humans: Implications for Risk Assessment
Translating Neurobehavioral Toxicity Across Species From Zebrafish to Rats to Humans: Implications for Risk Assessment Open
There is a spectrum of approaches to neurotoxicological science from high-throughput in vitro cell-based assays, through a variety of experimental animal models to human epidemiological and clinical studies. Each level of analysis has its …
View article: Prenatal psychosocial stress-induced behavioral and neuroendocrine abnormalities are associated with sex-specific alterations in synaptic transmission and differentially modulated by maternal environment
Prenatal psychosocial stress-induced behavioral and neuroendocrine abnormalities are associated with sex-specific alterations in synaptic transmission and differentially modulated by maternal environment Open
Prenatal stress (PS) is associated with increased vulnerability to affective disorders. Transplacental glucocorticoid passage and stress-induced maternal environment alterations are recognized as potential routes of transmission that can f…
View article: Chronic psychosocial stress during pregnancy affects maternal behavior and neuroendocrine function and modulates hypothalamic CRH and nuclear steroid receptor expression
Chronic psychosocial stress during pregnancy affects maternal behavior and neuroendocrine function and modulates hypothalamic CRH and nuclear steroid receptor expression Open
Postpartum depression (PPD) affects up to 20% of mothers and has negative consequences for both mother and child. Although exposure to psychosocial stress during pregnancy and abnormalities in the hypothalamic pituitary adrenal (HPA) axis …
View article: Infection‐induced endothelial amyloids impair memory
Infection‐induced endothelial amyloids impair memory Open
Patients with nosocomial pneumonia exhibit elevated levels of neurotoxic amyloid and tau proteins in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). In vitro studies indicate that pulmonary endothelium infected with clinical isolates of either Pseudomonas …