Explanipedia

Global & Community Health: What Did the COVID-19 Pandemic Teach Us About Neurologic Surveillance Approaches, and How Should We Be Better Prepared? Open

Rachael Matthews, Stephen McKeever, Todd Pollack, Catherine Houlihan, Elena Moro , et al. · 2025

It is well recognized that many pandemic viruses are associated with neurologic complications, most recently with COVID-19. After the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, neurologic surveillance platforms were implemented to characterize the…

Cytokines of the Interleukin-1 superfamily and Interleukin-6 are associated with neuroinflammation and brain injury in Herpes Simplex Virus Encephalitis Open

Franklyn Egbe, Cordelia Dunai, Claire Hetherington, Sarah Boardman, Laura Bricio-Moreno , et al. · 2025

Early adjunctive anti-inflammatory therapy could modulate the immune response and improve clinical outcomes in Herpes Simplex Virus encephalitis (HSE). However, data on the array of inflammatory mediators to target and the immunomodulatory…

Correction: Neurologic symptoms following COVID-19 in Lima, Peru: a prospective longitudinal observational study Open

Hanalise V. Huff, Carla Villanueva-Colina, Monica M. Diaz, Sofia Tovar, Alain Luna , et al. · 2025

[This corrects the article DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2025.1524613.].

MACHINE LEARNING TECHNIQUES FOR CARDIOVASCULAR DISEASE PREDICTION Open

Asegunloluwa Eunice Babalola, Tom Solomon · 2025

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) continues to be the leading cause of death globally, accounting for millions of lives annually. Early and accurate prediction of CVD is critical for prevention and intervention, yet existing clinical approaches…

Health economic impact of early versus delayed treatment of herpes simplex virus encephalitis in the UK Open

Sylviane Defres, Patricia Navvuga, Shona C. Moore, Hayley Hardwick, Ava Easton , et al. · 2025

Objective Thanks to the introduction of recent national guidelines for treating herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis, health outcomes have improved. This paper evaluates the health system costs and the health-related quality of life imp…

Viral Infection and the Blood-Brain Barrier: Molecular Research Insights and Therapies Open

Sarah Boardman, Claire Hetherington, Thomas Hughes, Corey Cook, Ian Galea , et al. · 2025

The blood-brain barrier (BBB) protects the brain from pathogenic microorganisms. Neurologic complications from viral infections, including herpes simplex virus, varicella zoster virus, HIV, Japanese encephalitis virus, and SARS-CoV-2, are …

Neurologic symptoms following COVID-19 in Lima, Peru: a prospective longitudinal observational study Open

Hanalise V. Huff, Carla Villanueva-Colina, Monica M. Diaz, Sofia Tovar, Alain Luna , et al. · 2025

There is limited research on long-term neurologic symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection in Peru. This study aimed to describe the longitudinal experience of survivors of mild to moderate COVID-19 in Lima, Peru. This prospective, longitud…

Neurologic symptoms following COVID-19 in Lima, Peru: a prospective longitudinal observational study Open

Hanalise V. Huff, Carla Villanueva-Colina, Monica M. Diaz, Sofia Tovar, Alain Luna , et al. · 2025

Introduction There is limited research on long-term neurologic symptoms following SARS-CoV-2 infection in Peru. This study aimed to describe the longitudinal experience of survivors of mild to moderate COVID-19 in Lima, Peru. Methods This …

Evolution and significance of neuronal surface autoantibodies after Japanese encephalitis Open

Anjan Nibber, Bridget Wills, Philippa Pettingill, Hannah Fox, Trần Thi Thúy , et al. · 2025

NMDAR-antibody encephalitis can arise as a post-infectious 'relapse' following HSV encephalitis. We asked whether a similar condition might occur after Japanese Encephalitis (JE). Cell-based assays for antigen-specific antibodies and IgG b…

The importance of long-term studies in children following viral infection of the central nervous system Open

Ivanildo P. Sousa, Patrícia Carvalho de Sequeira, A. Marcos, Nathália Alves Araújo de Almeida, Hanalise V. Huff , et al. · 2025

Neuromelioidosis outbreak in Tamil Nadu, India: an investigation of transmission with genomic insights Open

Angel Miraclin Thirugnanakumar, Prabu Rajkumar, Karthik Gunasekaran, Pavithra Mannam, Manickam Ponnaiah , et al. · 2025

None.

Does the Use of Intravenous Immunoglobulin Improve Clinical Outcomes in Adults With Autoimmune Encephalitis? A Systematic Review Open

Anahat Kalra, Olivia Mackay, Emma Thomas‐Jones, Tom Solomon, Paula Foscarini‐Craggs · 2025

Background Autoimmune encephalitis is an immune‐mediated inflammatory condition affecting the central nervous system. Current best‐practice guidelines recommend intravenous immunoglobulin (IVIG) for use if corticosteroids are ineffective, …

The relationships between tactical formation, technical-tactical performance, and match outcome in the Ethiopian Bet King Premier League Open

Belayneh Chekle, Tom Solomon, Tefera Tadesse, Wondimagegn Shewangizaw · 2025

This study aimed to conduct a comprehensive analysis using a correlational study design to find the relationships between tactical formation, technical-tactical performance, and match outcome in the Ethiopian Bet King Premier League. Out o…

Aetiologies, neuroradiological features, and risk factors for mortality and long-term neurosequelae of febrile coma in Malawian children: a prospective cohort study Open

Stephen Ray, Charlotte Fuller, Ajisa Ahmadu, Edith Kafoteka, Alice Muiruri-Liomba , et al. · 2025

Wellcome Trust TRANSLATIONS: For the Chichewa, French and Portuguese translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

The aetiologies, mortality, and disability of non-traumatic coma in African children: a systematic review and meta-analysis Open

Stephen Ray, Charlotte Elizabeth Fuller, Alexandra Boubour, Taty Tshimangani, Edith Kafoteka , et al. · 2025

For the Chichewa, French and Portuguese translations of the abstract see Supplementary Materials section.

A multifaceted intervention to improve diagnosis and early management of hospitalised patients with suspected acute brain infections in Brazil, India, and Malawi: an international multicentre intervention study Open

Bhagteshwar Singh, Gareth Lipunga, Premkumar Thangavelu, Shalley Dhar, Lorena Ferreira Cronemberger , et al. · 2025

Defining causality in acute brain infections Open

Bhagteshwar Singh, Suzannah Lant, Fiona McGill, Julia Granerød, Gareth Lipunga , et al. · 2025

Determining the likelihood of causation by a pathogen in brain infections such asencephalitis and meningitis is challenging. While case definitions published forencephalitis causation for a UK-based study in 2010 have been used widely, the…

Microbiological Investigations for Chikungunya Virus in Children With Acute Encephalitis Syndrome in a Non‐Outbreak Setting in Southern India Open

Tina Damodar, Chitra Pattabiraman, Bhagteshwar Singh, María José, Namratha Prabhu , et al. · 2025

Chikungunya virus (CHIKV) is an emerging cause of acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in India, with limited data on its role in childhood AES in southern India. We systematically evaluated children with AES in southern India during a non‐ep…

Patients with neurological or psychiatric complications of COVID-19 have worse long-term functional outcomes: COVID-CNS—A multicentre case–control study Open

Rajish Sanjit Kumar Shil, Adam Seed, Franklyn Egbe, Brendan Sargent, Greta K. Wood , et al. · 2025

Awareness and infection prevention practices of hepatitis B virus among informal caregivers in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024: a cross-sectional study Open

Tsehaynew Kasse, Tom Solomon, Abel Mesfin, Arega Abebe Lonsako, Okaso Orkaido , et al. · 2025

The impact of Christian educational and socio-ethical interventions in preventing youth kidnapping in Lagos Open

Olulowo Segun Ayotunde, Tom Solomon, Adedeji Olusola Israel · 2024

The mentality of kidnapping for ransom among youths is a contemporary social challenge in Lagos State, South Western Nigeria. If this issue is not addressed, it will negatively impact people psychologically, emotionally, economically, poli…

Awareness and infection prevention practices of hepatitis B virus among informal caregivers in public hospitals of Addis Ababa, Ethiopia, 2024 Open

Tsehaynew Kasse, Tom Solomon, Abel Mesfin, Arega Abebe Lonsako, Okaso Orkaido , et al. · 2024

Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection poses a significant global health challenge, leading to approximately 1.1 million deaths annually. Informal caregivers of HBV patients face an increased risk of exposure, yet there is limited re…

Pulmonary SARS-CoV-2 infection leads to para-infectious immune activation in the brain Open

Cordelia Dunai, Claire Hetherington, Sarah A. Boardman, Jordan J. Clark, Parul Sharma , et al. · 2024

Neurological complications, including encephalopathy and stroke, occur in a significant proportion of COVID-19 cases but viral protein is seldom detected in the brain parenchyma. To model this situation, we developed a novel low-inoculum K…

Posthospitalization COVID-19 cognitive deficits at 1 year are global and associated with elevated brain injury markers and gray matter volume reduction Open

Greta K. Wood, Brendan Sargent, Zain Ahmad, Kukatharmini Tharmaratnam, Cordelia Dunai , et al. · 2024

Utilising accessible and reproducible neurological assessments in clinical studies: Insights from use of the Neurological Impairment Scale in the multi-centre COVID-CNS study Open

Ali M. Alam, Glynn W. Webb, Ceryce Collie, Sashini Mariathasan, Yun Huang , et al. · 2024

Reproducible and standardised neurological assessment scales are important in quantifying research outcomes. These scales are often performed by non-neurologists and/or non-clinicians and must be robust, quantifiable, reproducible and comp…

Characterising the molecular epidemiology of human parechovirus in young infants in the UK and Canada Open

Seilesh Kadambari, Heli Harvala, Dung Nguyen, Manish Sadarangani, Natalie G. Martin , et al. · 2024

In this small cohort, sequencing data indicate that PeV circulating in the UK and Canada from 2013 to 18 are derived from a common ancestor. No association between disease severity and genetic sequence was seen in the UK or Canadian cohort…

Diagnostic markers of acute encephalitis syndrome and COVID‐associated multisystem inflammatory syndrome in children from Southern India Open

Tina Damodar, Cordelia Dunai, Namratha Prabhu, María José, L. Akhila , et al. · 2024

Acute encephalitis syndrome (AES) in children poses a significant public health challenge in India. This study aims to explore the utility of host inflammatory mediators and neurofilament (NfL) levels in distinguishing etiologies, assessin…

Author Correction: Para-infectious brain injury in COVID-19 persists at follow-up despite attenuated cytokine and autoantibody responses Open

Benedict Michael, Cordelia Dunai, Edward Needham, Kukatharmini Tharmaratnam, Robyn Williams , et al. · 2024

The India brain infections guidelines project: Global evidence for local application Open

Priscilla Rupali, Bhagteshwar Singh, Naveena Gracelin Princy, Jisha Sara John, Rebecca Kuehn , et al. · 2024

Background: Brain infections are a major cause of morbidity and mortality globally. India lacks systematically evidence-informed guidelines for brain infections. Methods: We had set up a group of experts in brain infections, evidence synth…

Health economic impact of early versus delayed treatment of herpes simplex virus encephalitis in the UK Open

Sylviane Defres, Patricia Navvuga, Hayley Hardwick, Ava Easton, Benedict Michael , et al. · 2024

Objective Thanks to the introduction of recent national guidelines for treating herpes simplex virus (HSV) encephalitis health outcomes have improved. This paper evaluates the costs and the health-related quality of life implications of th…

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