Explanipedia

Sparse-Autoencoder-Guided Internal Representation Unlearning for Large Language Models Open

Tomoya Yamashita, A. S. Ito, Yuuki Yamanaka, Masanori Yamada, Takayuki Miura , et al. · 2025

As large language models (LLMs) are increasingly deployed across various applications, privacy and copyright concerns have heightened the need for more effective LLM unlearning techniques. Many existing unlearning methods aim to suppress u…

Concept Unlearning in Large Language Models via Self-Constructed Knowledge Triplets Open

Tomoya Yamashita, Yuuki Yamanaka, Masanori Yamada, Takayuki Miura, Toshiki Shibahara , et al. · 2025

Machine Unlearning (MU) has recently attracted considerable attention as a solution to privacy and copyright issues in large language models (LLMs). Existing MU methods aim to remove specific target sentences from an LLM while minimizing d…

Impact of preoperative beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, arginine, and glutamine supplementation on inflammation in patients with cardiac surgery: A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial Open

Masato Ogawa, Seimi Satomi‐Kobayashi, Naofumi Yoshida, Kodai Komaki, Takumi Hirabayashi , et al. · 2025

Preoperative supplementation with a combination of HMB, glutamine, and arginine was effective in reducing preoperative TNF-α levels in older patients undergoing cardiac surgery, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect. This anti-in…

Efficacy of a teaching kitchen program for patients with type 2 diabetes in Japan: protocol for an open-label randomised controlled trial (TKD-J trial) Open

Megu Y. Baden, Saki Kawamoto, Takuya Kagisaki, Sarasa Kato, Kento Mitsushio , et al. · 2025

Introduction This open-label randomised controlled trial (Teaching Kitchen for Diabetes in Japan [TKD-J] trial) evaluates the effectiveness of a modified Teaching Kitchen program for Japanese patients with type 2 diabetes. Based on the US …

Bacteroides- and Prevotella-enriched gut microbial clusters associate with metabolic risks Open

Yi Rou Bah, Kairi Baba, Dayang Nurul Asyiqin Binte Mustafa, Satoshi Watanabe, Aya Takeda , et al. · 2025

The gut microbiome plays a critical role in human health through its influence on numerous physiological functions such as metabolism and immunity, with disruptions in microbial communities increasingly linked to metabolic disorders. In a …

The global seafood trade, embodied nutrients, and nutritional affordability Open

Yaqin Liu, Martin D. Smith, Joshua K. Abbott, David Dietz, Dustin Colson Leaning , et al. · 2025

Phocaeicola dorei and Phocaeicola vulgatus Protect against Atherosclerosis by Regulating Gut Immunity Open

Hitomi Nakashima, Ryohei Shinohara, Takuo Emoto, Yoshihiro Saito, N. Yoshida , et al. · 2025

Our results suggest that the bacteria-induced immune response in the gut leads to the suppression of the inflammatory response in atherosclerotic lesions. These results indicate the potential for the development of prophylactic drugs for a…

Author Correction: Left atrial single-cell transcriptomics reveals amphiregulin as a surrogate marker for atrial fibrillation Open

Yuya Suzuki, Takuo Emoto, S Sato, Takeshi Yoshida, Mitsuhiko Shoda , et al. · 2025

The role of gut microbiota in cardiovascular diseases and their potential as novel therapeutic targets Open

Tomoya Yamashita · 2025

Cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) including heart failure (HF) is a major health, medical and social issue that needs to be resolved in Japan's super-aged society. Recent clinical and basic studies suggest that the gut microbiota and their me…

Body Mass Index Affects Hospital-Associated Disability and Economic Burden in Elective Cardiovascular Surgery　― JROAD/JROAD-DPC Database ― Open

Masato Ogawa, Kodai Ishihara, Yuji Kanejima, Naofumi Yoshida, Koshiro Kanaoka , et al. · 2025

Low BMI in any age group was associated with HAD, and older people with a BMI considered too high also had HAD. BMI could be an important risk stratification tool for functional outcomes and economic burden in patients undergoing elective …

Sucrose-preferring gut microbes prevent host obesity by producing exopolysaccharides Open

Hidenori Shimizu, Junki Miyamoto, Keiko Hisa, Ryuji Ohue‐Kitano, Hiromi Takada , et al. · 2025

Commensal bacteria affect host health by producing various metabolites from dietary carbohydrates via bacterial glycometabolism; however, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we identified Streptococcus salivarius as a…

Flowchart-Based Decision Making with Large Language Models Open

Yuuki Yamanaka, Hiroshi Takahashi, Tomoya Yamashita · 2025

Metagenomic Analysis of Gut Microbiota for Abdominal Aortic Aneurysm Open

Eisaku Ito, Takao Ohki, Naoki Toya, Takuo Emoto, Tomoya Yamashita , et al. · 2025

Objectives: The pathophysiological mechanism of abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA) remains unclear. We previously reported that Bifidobacterium adolescentis levels were reduced in the feces of patients with AAA by 16S ribosomal …

Effects of preoperative beta-hydroxy-beta-methylbutyrate, arginine, and glutamine supplementation on cardiac surgery: A randomized controlled trial Open

Masato Ogawa, Seimi Satomi‐Kobayashi, Naofumi Yoshida, Kodai Komaki, Takumi Hirabayashi , et al. · 2024

UMIN000030490 (UMINhttps://upload.umin.ac.jp/cgi-open-bin/ctr_e/ctr_view.cgi?recptno=R000034773).

Left atrial single-cell transcriptomics reveals amphiregulin as a surrogate marker for atrial fibrillation Open

Yuya Suzuki, Takuo Emoto, S Sato, Takeshi Yoshida, Mitsuhiko Shoda , et al. · 2024

Atrial fibrillation (AF) is strongly associated with strokes, heart failure, and increased mortality. This study aims to identify the monocyte-macrophage heterogeneity and interactions of these cells with non-immune cells, and to identify …

3. Gut Microbiome and Cardiovascular Diseases Open

Ken‐ichi Hirata, Takuo Emoto, Tomoya Yamashita · 2024

Overview of the 88th Annual Scientific Meeting of the Japanese Circulation Society (JCS2024)　― The Future of Cardiology – Challenges in Overcoming Cardiovascular Disease ― Open

Hidekazu Tanaka, Tatsuro Ishida, Takuo Emoto, Manabu Nagao, Yu Izawa , et al. · 2024

The 88^thAnnual Scientific Meeting of the Japanese Circulation Society (JCS2024) was held from Friday, March 8^thto Sunday, March 10^thin Kobe, Japan. The main theme of this 3-day meeting was "The Future of Ca…

Intense impact of IL-1β expressing inflammatory macrophages in acute aortic dissection Open

Taishi Inoue, Takuo Emoto, Katsuhiro Yamanaka, Shunya Chomei, Shunsuke Miyahara , et al. · 2024

There is no treatment for acute aortic dissection (AAD) targeting inflammatory cells. We aimed to identify the new therapeutic targets associated with inflammatory cells. We characterized the specific distribution of myeloid cells of both …

3. Gut Microbiome and Cardiovascular Diseases Open

Ken‐ichi Hirata, Tomoya Yamashita · 2024

Sucrose-preferring gut microbes prevent host obesity by producing exopolysaccharides Open

Ikuo Kimura, Hidenori Shimizu, Junki Miyamoto, Keiko Hisa, Ryuji Ohue‐Kitano , et al. · 2024

Commensal bacteria affect host health by producing various metabolites from dietary carbohydrates via bacterial glycometabolism; however, the underlying mechanism of action remains unclear. Here, we identified Streptococcus salivarius as a…

“KAIZEN” method realizing implementation of deep-learning models for COVID-19 CT diagnosis in real world hospitals Open

Naoki Okada, Yutaka Umemura, Shoi Shi, Shusuke Inoue, Shun Honda , et al. · 2024

Evaluation of the effect of wheel tread condition on the dynamic response of PC sleepers Open

Tsutomu Watanabe, Keiichi Goto, Tsugutoshi KAWAGUCHI, Takeshi SUEKI, Tomoya Yamashita , et al. · 2024

Exploring the Relationship between Store Type Selection and Nutrient Intake Open

Tomoya Yamashita, Yasuhiro Nakashima, Tomoaki Nakatani · 2024

The aim of this study is to elucidate the relationship between food purchasing behavior and the consumption of nutrients and various food groups. Our research focused on the influence of store format preferences on food purchasing behavior…

Dialogue System of Team NTT-EASE for DRC2023 Open

Y. Kubo, Tomoya Yamashita, Masanori Yamada · 2023

We developed a dialogue system as a team NTT-EASE in the Dialogue Robot Competition 2023 (DRC2023). We introduce a dialogue system (EASE-DRCBot) constructed for DRC2023. EASE-DRCBot incorporates a manually defined dialogue flow. The condit…

Gut microbial stability in older Japanese populations: insights from the Mykinso cohort Open

Satoshi Watanabe, Naofumi Yoshida, Kairi Baba, Hiroyuki Yamasaki, Natsuko O. Shinozaki , et al. · 2023

Gut microbiota imbalance plays an important role in the pathogenesis of various diseases. Here, we determined microbe-microbe interactions and gut microbiome stability in a Japanese population with varying body mass indices (BMIs) and ente…

ANGPTL2 promotes immune checkpoint inhibitor-related murine autoimmune myocarditis Open

Haruki Horiguchi, Tsuyoshi Kadomatsu, Tomoya Yamashita, Shinsei Yumoto, Kazutoyo Terada , et al. · 2023

One-Shot Machine Unlearning with Mnemonic Code Open

Tomoya Yamashita, Masanori Yamada, Takashi Shibata · 2023

Ethical and privacy issues inherent in artificial intelligence (AI) applications have been a growing concern with the rapid spread of deep learning. Machine unlearning (MU) is the research area that addresses these issues by making a train…

Toward Data Efficient Model Merging between Different Datasets without Performance Degradation Open

Masanori Yamada, Tomoya Yamashita, Shin’ya Yamaguchi, Daiki Chijiwa · 2023

Model merging is attracting attention as a novel method for creating a new model by combining the weights of different trained models. While previous studies reported that model merging works well for models trained on a single dataset wit…

Acute Coronary Syndrome Due to Intraplaque Hemorrhage in a Post-gastrectomy Patient with a Latent Severe Glycemic Disorder Open

Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Tomofumi Takaya, Takuo Emoto, Shintaro Takeda, Naofumi Yoshida , et al. · 2023

Glycemic disorders involving large glucose fluctuations and recurrent hypoglycemia may lead to adverse cardiovascular events, including acute coronary syndrome (ACS). Flash glucose monitoring (FGM) has reportedly been useful for detecting …

Development of microbiome drugs for cardio-metabolic diseases and their future perspective. Open

Tomoya Yamashita · 2023

Gut microbiota have been shown to be associated with the development of various diseases, and also to be used as disease markers or therapeutic targets. In Japan, fecal transplantation was clinically applied for inflammatory bowel diseases…

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