Toshio Tsubota
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View article: Less-invasive age estimation using hair based on DNA methylation in brown bears
Less-invasive age estimation using hair based on DNA methylation in brown bears Open
Information on chronological age is essential for exploring the life history, conservation, and management of wildlife. Recently, DNA methylation-based methods using blood or skin have been established as alternatives to the traditional to…
View article: Cold‐Induced Suppression of Myogenesis in Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells Contributes to Delayed Muscle Regeneration During Hibernation
Cold‐Induced Suppression of Myogenesis in Skeletal Muscle Stem Cells Contributes to Delayed Muscle Regeneration During Hibernation Open
Mammalian hibernators experience profound cold stress and prolonged physical inactivity during torpor periods; however, it is unclear how skeletal muscle stem cells (satellite cells; SCs) respond to these challenges. In this study, we demo…
View article: Understanding Suitable Habitats and Anthropogenic Mortality Risks for King Cobras in Nepal
Understanding Suitable Habitats and Anthropogenic Mortality Risks for King Cobras in Nepal Open
The king cobra ( Ophiophagus hannah ), the world's largest venomous snake, is a vulnerable species with an expanding distribution in Nepal. This study modeled its current climatically suitable habitat and predicted future changes (2050 and…
View article: Less-invasive age estimation using hair based on DNA methylation in brown bears
Less-invasive age estimation using hair based on DNA methylation in brown bears Open
Information on age is essential for exploring the life history, conservation, and management of wildlife. Recently, DNA methylation levels-based methods using blood or skin have been established as alternatives to the traditional tooth-bas…
View article: Epigenetic Clock in Bears: A Simple Cost‐Effective Blood <scp>DNA</scp> Methylation‐Based Age Estimation Method Applicable to Multiple Bear Species
Epigenetic Clock in Bears: A Simple Cost‐Effective Blood <span>DNA</span> Methylation‐Based Age Estimation Method Applicable to Multiple Bear Species Open
Age is an essential factor to understand the life history and demographic parameters of wildlife. Previously, we established an age estimation method for brown bears based on blood DNA methylation level. In this study, we first applied the…
View article: Epidemiological Survey of Canine Distemper Virus Infection: Exploring the Link Between Virus Spread and Invasive Raccoon (<i>Procyon lotor</i>) Population Growth in Hokkaido, Japan
Epidemiological Survey of Canine Distemper Virus Infection: Exploring the Link Between Virus Spread and Invasive Raccoon (<i>Procyon lotor</i>) Population Growth in Hokkaido, Japan Open
Invasive raccoons ( Procyon lotor ) naturalized in Hokkaido, Japan, potentially spreading infectious diseases. Canine distemper virus infection is a serious epizootic disease, for which the raccoon is one of the hosts. We investigated the …
View article: Environmental and host factors underlying tick-borne virus infection in wild animals: Investigation of the emerging Yezo virus in Hokkaido, Japan
Environmental and host factors underlying tick-borne virus infection in wild animals: Investigation of the emerging Yezo virus in Hokkaido, Japan Open
Yezo virus (YEZV) is an emerging tick-borne virus that causes acute febrile illness. It has been continuously reported in patients and ticks in Japan and China since its first identification in Hokkaido, Japan. While serological tests have…
View article: Predicting the potential habitat of bears under a changing climate in Nepal
Predicting the potential habitat of bears under a changing climate in Nepal Open
In Nepal, the distributions of three bear species vary: sloth bears ( Melursus ursinus ) in the lowlands, Asiatic black bears ( Ursus thibetanus ) in the mid-hills, and brown bears (Ursus arctos) in the high Himalayas. We utilized 179 occu…
View article: Seasonal infestation patterns of ticks on Hokkaido sika deer (<i>Cervus nippon yesoensis</i>)
Seasonal infestation patterns of ticks on Hokkaido sika deer (<i>Cervus nippon yesoensis</i>) Open
Ticks prefer specific feeding sites on a host that are influenced by host–tick and tick–tick interactions. This study focused on the spatiotemporal distribution of ticks in Hokkaido sika deer, an important tick host in Hokkaido, Japan. Tic…
View article: Environmental and host factors underlying tick infestation in invasive raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Hokkaido, Japan
Environmental and host factors underlying tick infestation in invasive raccoons (Procyon lotor) in Hokkaido, Japan Open
Revealing interactions between ticks and wild animals is vital for gaining insights into the dynamics of tick-borne pathogens in the natural environment. We aimed to elucidate the factors that determine tick infestation in wild animals by …
View article: No Evidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection in Urban Wildlife of Hokkaido, Japan
No Evidence of SARS‐CoV‐2 Infection in Urban Wildlife of Hokkaido, Japan Open
Various domestic and wildlife species have been found susceptible to and infected with SARS‐CoV‐2, the causative agent of COVID‐19, around the globe, raising concerns about virus adaptation and transmission to new animal hosts. The virus c…
View article: The dynamics of the microbiome in Ixodidae are shaped by tick ontogeny and pathogens in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo
The dynamics of the microbiome in Ixodidae are shaped by tick ontogeny and pathogens in Sarawak, Malaysian Borneo Open
Tick-borne diseases have recently been considered a potential emerging public health threat in Malaysia; however, fundamental studies into tick-borne pathogens and microbiome appear limited. In this study, six tick species ( Ixodes granula…
View article: Age estimation based on blood DNA methylation levels in brown bears
Age estimation based on blood DNA methylation levels in brown bears Open
Age is an essential trait for understanding the ecology and management of wildlife. A conventional method of estimating age in wild animals is counting annuli formed in the cementum of teeth. This method has been used in bears despite some…
View article: Musculoskeletal system
Musculoskeletal system Open
Ovarian hormones have been reported to suppress leukocyte recruitment following exercise-induced muscle damage (EIMD).In females, ovarian hormone concentrations fluctuate with the phase of the menstrual cycle (MC).Therefore, females may ex…
View article: Regulation of protein and oxidative energy metabolism are down-regulated in the skeletal muscles of Asiatic black bears during hibernation
Regulation of protein and oxidative energy metabolism are down-regulated in the skeletal muscles of Asiatic black bears during hibernation Open
Hibernating animals exhibit an unexplained physiological characteristic of skeletal muscles being atrophy resistance, in which case muscle mass and strength remain almost unchanged both before and after hibernation. In this study, we exami…
View article: Estimation of breeding population size using DNA‐based pedigree reconstruction in brown bears
Estimation of breeding population size using DNA‐based pedigree reconstruction in brown bears Open
Robust estimates of demographic parameters are critical for effective wildlife conservation and management but are difficult to obtain for elusive species. We estimated the breeding and adult population sizes, as well as the minimum popula…
View article: Anthelmintic Baiting of Foxes against <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i> in Small Public Area, Japan
Anthelmintic Baiting of Foxes against <i>Echinococcus multilocularis</i> in Small Public Area, Japan Open
We distributed anthelmintic baits on a university campus in Japan inhabited by foxes infected with Echinococcus multilocularis to design an effective baiting protocol for small public areas. High-density baiting can reduce the risk for hum…
View article: Diet selection and asocial learning: Natal habitat influence on lifelong foraging strategies in solitary large mammals
Diet selection and asocial learning: Natal habitat influence on lifelong foraging strategies in solitary large mammals Open
Exploring the process of diet selection will contribute to improvement in our understanding of animal foraging strategies. The overwhelming majority of ecological research on animal learning and foraging concentrates on how social learning…
View article: Estimation of breeding population size using DNA-based pedigree reconstruction in brown bears
Estimation of breeding population size using DNA-based pedigree reconstruction in brown bears Open
Robust estimates of demographic parameters are critical for effective wildlife conservation and management, but are difficult to obtain for elusive species. We estimated the breeding and adult population sizes, as well as the minimum popul…
View article: Habitat occupancy of sloth bear <i>Melursus ursinus</i> in Chitwan National Park, Nepal
Habitat occupancy of sloth bear <i>Melursus ursinus</i> in Chitwan National Park, Nepal Open
Mammals have experienced a massive decline in their populations and geographic ranges worldwide. The sloth bear, Melursus ursinus (Shaw, 1791), is one of many species facing conservation threats. Despite being endangered in Nepal, decades …
View article: Supplementing cultured human myotubes with hibernating bear serum results in increased protein content by modulating Akt/FOXO3a signaling
Supplementing cultured human myotubes with hibernating bear serum results in increased protein content by modulating Akt/FOXO3a signaling Open
Hibernating bears remain in their dens for 5–7 months during winter and survive without eating or drinking while staying inactive. However, they maintain their physical functions with minimal skeletal muscle atrophy and metabolic dysfuncti…
View article: Diel and monthly activity pattern of brown bears and sika deer in the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan
Diel and monthly activity pattern of brown bears and sika deer in the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan Open
Mammals exhibit several types of diel activity pattern, including nocturnal, diurnal, crepuscular, and cathemeral. These patterns vary inter- and intra-specifically and are affected by environmental factors, individual status, and interact…
View article: Stable isotope data on brown bear hairs and food items on the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan.
Stable isotope data on brown bear hairs and food items on the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan. Open
These are data sets on stable isotope diet analysis on brown bears on the Shiretoko Peninsula, Hokkaido, Japan, which were used in the study on Jimbo et al. (2022), Ecosphere.●Jimbo et al_2022_Shiretoko Bear Hair.csv●Jimbo et al_2022_Shire…