Explanipedia

Treatment experiences, preferences, and expectations for cognitive impairments in long COVID among Chinese young and older adults: a constructivist grounded theory study Open

Dan Shan, Carol Holland, Trevor J. Crawford · 2025

COVID-19 infection associated with increased risk of new-onset vascular dementia in adults ≥50 years Open

Dan Shan, Yanli Xü, Chuang Yang, Trevor J. Crawford, Carol Holland · 2025

COVID-19 is associated with long-term neurological complications, but its impact on new-onset dementia (NOD), particularly vascular dementia (VaD) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD), remains unclear. We observed adults aged 50 years and older fr…

Saccadic eye movements differentiate functional cognitive disorder from mild cognitive impairment Open

Thomas Wilcockson, Sankanika Roy, Trevor J. Crawford · 2025

Functional Cognitive Disorder (“FCD”) is a type of Functional Neurological Disorder characterised by subjective cognitive complaints not fully attributable to brain injury, disease, or other neuropathological or psychiatric conditions. FCD…

Correction: Specific visual expertise reduces susceptibility to visual illusions Open

Radoslaw Wincza, Calum Hartley, Tim Donovan, Sally A. Linkenauger, Trevor J. Crawford , et al. · 2025

Specific visual expertise reduces susceptibility to visual illusions Open

Radoslaw Wincza, Calum Hartley, Tim Donovan, Sally A. Linkenauger, Trevor J. Crawford , et al. · 2025

Extensive exposure to specific kinds of imagery tunes visual perception, enhancing recognition and interpretation abilities relevant to those stimuli (e.g. radiologists can rapidly extract important information from medical scans). For the…

COVID-19 Infection Associated with Increased Risk of New-Onset Vascular Dementia in Adults Aged 50 Years and Older: A Longitudinal Cohort Study Using Data from the UK Biobank Open

Dan Shan, Yanli Xü, Chuang Yang, Trevor J. Crawford, Carol Holland · 2025

Spot the Difference: Investigating the Effects of Ageing on Change Blindness in QR Codes with Eye Tracking Open

Edward D. Ball, Lara Warmelink, Sophie Nightingale, Trevor J. Crawford · 2025

Neurovascular phase coherence is altered in Alzheimer’s disease Open

Juliane Bjerkan, Bernard Meglič, Gemma Lancaster, Jan Kobal, P. V. E. McClintock , et al. · 2024

Alzheimer’s disease is the commonest form of dementia, but its cause still remains elusive. It is characterized by neurodegeneration, with amyloid-beta and tau aggregation. Recently, however, the roles of the vasculature and the neurovascu…

Association between COVID-19 infection and new-onset dementia in older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis Open

Dan Shan, Congxiyu Wang, Trevor J. Crawford, Carol Holland · 2024

Background The relationship between COVID-19 infection and a possible increased likelihood of older adults developing new-onset dementia (NOD) remains elusive. Methods A thorough search was performed across several databases including MEDL…

Speech-in-noise hearing impairment is associated with increased risk of Parkinson's: A UK biobank analysis Open

Megan Rose Readman, Yang Wang, Fang Wan, Ian Fairman, Sally A. Linkenauger , et al. · 2024

The congruence of these findings with prior research further supports the existence of a relationship between hearing impairment and Parkinson's incidence.

Naturalistic Eye Movement Tasks in Parkinson’s Disease: A Systematic Review Open

Melissa C. Gibbs, Jenna Huxley, Megan Rose Readman, Megan Polden, Oliver Bredemeyer , et al. · 2024

Background: Eye tracking assessments in the laboratory have previously highlighted clear differences in eye movements between Parkinson’s disease (PD) and healthy aging. However, laboratory-based eye movement tasks are artificial and limit…

Representations of the relative proportions of body part width Open

Lettie Wareing, Lisa P. Y. Lin, Megan Rose Readman, Trevor J. Crawford, Matthew R. Longo , et al. · 2024

Despite our wealth of experience with our bodies, our perceptions of our body size are far from veridical. For example, when estimating the relative proportions of their body part lengths, using the hand as a metric, individuals tend to ex…

Oculomotor atypicalities in motor neurone disease: a systematic review Open

Megan Rose Readman, Megan Polden, Melissa C. Gibbs, Aisling Donohue, Suresh Kumar Chhetri , et al. · 2024

Introduction Cognitive dysfunction is commonplace in Motor Neurone Disease (MND). However, due to the prominent motor symptoms in MND, assessing patients’ cognitive function through traditional cognitive assessments, which oftentimes requi…

The Utility of Heartrate and Heartrate Variability Biofeedback for the Improvement of Interoception across Behavioural, Physiological and Neural Outcome Measures: A Systematic Review Open

Lettie Wareing, Megan Rose Readman, Matthew R. Longo, Sally A. Linkenauger, Trevor J. Crawford · 2024

Interoceptive dysfunctions are increasingly implicated in a number of physical and mental health conditions. Accordingly, there is a pertinent need for therapeutic interventions which target interoceptive deficits. Heartrate and heartrate …

The inhibitory effect of a recent distractor: singleton vs. multiple distractors Open

Eleanor S. Smith, Trevor J. Crawford · 2024

In the complex interplay between sensory and cognitive processes, the brain must sift through a flood of sensory data to pinpoint relevant signals. This selective mechanism is crucial for the effective control of behaviour, by allowing org…

Susceptibility to geometrical visual illusions in Parkinson’s disorder Open

Radoslaw Wincza, Calum Hartley, Megan Rose Readman, Sally A. Linkenauger, Trevor J. Crawford · 2024

Parkinson’s disorder (PD) is a common neurodegenerative disorder affecting approximately 1–3% of the population aged 60 years and older. In addition to motor difficulties, PD is also marked by visual disturbances, including depth perceptio…

Temporal Association between COVID-19 Infection and Subsequent New-Onset Dementia in Older Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Open

Dan Shan, Congxiyu Wang, Trevor J. Crawford, Carol Holland · 2024

The development of susceptibility to geometric visual illusions in children – A systematic review Open

Radoslaw Wincza, Calum Hartley, Jerome Fenton-Romdhani, Sally A. Linkenauger, Trevor J. Crawford · 2023

Investigating children’s susceptibility to visual illusions (VIs) offers a unique window into the development of human perception. Although research in this field dates back to the seminal work of Binet in 1895, developmental trajectories …

Observation and imitation of object-directed hand movements in Parkinson’s disease Open

Judith Bek, Emma Gowen, Stefan Vogt, Trevor J. Crawford, Ellen Poliakoff · 2023

Is Hearing Loss a Risk Factor for Idiopathic Parkinson’s Disease? An English Longitudinal Study of Ageing Analysis Open

Megan Rose Readman, Fang Wan, Ian Fairman, Sally A. Linkenauger, Trevor J. Crawford , et al. · 2023

Observations that hearing loss is a substantial risk factor for dementia may be accounted for by a common pathology. Mitochondrial oxidative stress and alterations in α-synuclein pathology may be common pathology candidates. Crucially, the…

Aging affects the phase coherence between spontaneous oscillations in brain oxygenation and neural activity Open

Juliane Bjerkan, Gemma Lancaster, Bernard Meglič, Jan Kobal, Trevor J. Crawford , et al. · 2023

The risk of neurodegenerative disorders increases with age, due to reduced vascular nutrition and impaired neural function. However, the interactions between cardiovascular dynamics and neural activity, and how these interactions evolve in…

Object-directed actions in Parkinson’s disease: Observation and imitation of hand movements Open

Judith Bek, Emma Gowen, Stefan Vogt, Trevor J. Crawford, Ellen Poliakoff · 2023

Action observation and imitation may facilitate movement and increase functional independence in Parkinson’s disease (PD). People with PD have been found to imitate intransitive actions in a similar manner to neurologically healthy older a…

Eye Movement Latency Coefficient of Variation as a Predictor of Cognitive Impairment: An Eye Tracking Study of Cognitive Impairment Open

Megan Polden, Trevor J. Crawford · 2023

Studies demonstrated impairment in the control of saccadic eye movements in Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and people with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) when conducting the pro-saccade and antisaccade tasks. Research showed that changes in the…

Motor imagery vividness and symptom severity in Parkinson's disease Open

Megan Rose Readman, Trevor J. Crawford, Sally A. Linkenauger, Judith Bek, Ellen Poliakoff · 2022

Motor imagery (MI), the mental simulation of movement in the absence of overt motor output, has demonstrated potential as a technique to support rehabilitation of movement in neurological conditions such as Parkinson's disease (PD). Existi…

On the Effect of Bilateral Eye Movements on Memory Retrieval in Ageing and Dementia Open

Megan Polden, Trevor J. Crawford · 2022

It has been reported that performing bilateral eye movements for a short period can lead to an enhancement of memory retrieval and recall (termed the “saccade induced retrieval effect (SIRE)”). The source of this effect has been debated wi…

On the Use of Eye Movements in Symptom Validity Assessment of Feigned Schizophrenia Open

Francesca Ales, Luciano Giromini, Lara Warmelink, Megan Polden, Thomas Wilcockson , et al. · 2022

Assessing the credibility of reported mental health problems is critical in a variety of assessment situations, particularly in forensic contexts. Previous research has examined how the assessment of performance validity can be improved th…

The distorted body: The perception of the relative proportions of the body is preserved in Parkinson’s disease Open

Megan Rose Readman, Matthew R. Longo, Neil McLatchie, Trevor J. Crawford, Sally A. Linkenauger · 2022

Positive and Negative Symptoms Are Associated with Distinct Effects on Predictive Saccades Open

Eleanor S. Smith, Trevor J. Crawford · 2022

The predictive saccade task is a motor learning paradigm requiring saccades to track a visual target moving in a predictable pattern. Previous research has explored extensively anti-saccade deficits observed across psychosis, but less is k…

The Potential of Naturalistic Eye Movement Tasks in the Diagnosis of Alzheimer’s Disease: A Review Open

Megan Rose Readman, Megan Polden, Melissa Chloe Gibbs, Lettie Wareing, Trevor J. Crawford · 2021

Extensive research has demonstrated that eye-tracking tasks can effectively indicate cognitive impairment. For example, lab-based eye-tracking tasks, such as the antisaccade task, have robustly distinguished between people with Alzheimer’s…

Memory-Guided Saccades in Psychosis: Effects of Medication and Stimulus Location Open

Eleanor S. Smith, Trevor J. Crawford · 2021

The memory-guided saccade task requires the remembrance of a peripheral target location, whilst inhibiting the urge to make a saccade ahead of an auditory cue. The literature has explored the endophenotypic deficits associated with differe…

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