Trushar Jeevan
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Genotype B3.13 influenza A(H5N1) viruses isolated from dairy cattle demonstrate high virulence in laboratory models, but retain avian virus-like properties Open
In March 2024, clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses were first detected in U.S. dairy cattle. Similar viruses have since caused 70 zoonotic human infections. To assess changes to zoonotic potential, we character…
View article: Human monoclonal antibodies that target clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 hemagglutinin
Human monoclonal antibodies that target clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 hemagglutinin Open
The highly pathogenic avian influenza H5N1 virus clade 2.3.4.4b has been spreading globally since 2022, causing mortality and morbidity in domestic and wild birds and mammals, including infection in humans, raising concerns about its pande…
Influenza A(H5N1) Viruses Isolated From Dairy Cattle Demonstrate High Virulence in Laboratory Models, but Retain Avian Virus-like Properties Open
In March 2024, clade 2.3.4.4b highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses were first detected in U.S. dairy cattle. Similar viruses have since caused 66 zoonotic human infections. To assess changes to zoonotic potential, we character…
Reassortment of newly emergent clade 2.3.4.4b A(H5N1) highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses in Bangladesh Open
ABSTRACTAvian influenza active surveillance was conducted in Bangladesh from January 2022 to November 2023 in live-poultry markets (LPMs) and Tanguar Haor wetlands. The predominant viruses circulating in LPMs were low pathogenic avian infl…
Receptor Binding Specificity of a Bovine A(H5N1) Influenza Virus Open
Outbreaks in the US of highly pathogenic avian influenza virus (H5N1) in dairy cows have been occurring for months creating new possibilities for direct contact between the virus and humans. Eisfeld et al . examined the pathogenicity and t…
Development of a nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine against clade 2.3.4.4b H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus Open
mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccines would be useful during an influenza virus pandemic since they can be produced rapidly and do not require the generation of egg-adapted vaccine seed stocks. Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses fr…
Defining the risk of SARS-CoV-2 variants on immune protection Open
The global emergence of many severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) variants jeopardizes the protective antiviral immunity induced after infection or vaccination. To address the public health threat caused by the incr…
View article: Pigs are highly susceptible to but do not transmit mink-derived highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b
Pigs are highly susceptible to but do not transmit mink-derived highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b Open
ABSTRACTRapid evolution of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) is driven by antigenic drift but also by reassortment, which might result in robust replication in and transmission to mammals. Recently, spillover of clade 2.3.…
View article: Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in a common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) in Florida
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in a common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) in Florida Open
Since late 2021, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (H5N1) lineage have caused widespread mortality in wild birds and poultry in the United States. Concomitant with the spread of HPAI viruses in bi…
Longitudinal Active Avian Influenza Surveillance in Bangladesh From 2017–2022 Reveals Differential IAV and H5 Infection and Viral Burden Associated With Bird Species, Sex, and Age Open
Influenza viruses are a major global health burden with up to 650,000 associated deaths annually. Beyond seasonal illness, influenza A viruses (IAVs) pose a constant pandemic threat due to novel emergent viruses that have evolved the abili…
View article: Pigs are highly susceptible to but do not transmit mink-derived highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b
Pigs are highly susceptible to but do not transmit mink-derived highly pathogenic avian influenza virus H5N1 clade 2.3.4.4b Open
Rapid evolution of highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses (HPAIVs) is driven by antigenic drift but also by reassortment, which might result in robust replication in and transmission to mammals. Recently, spillover of clade 2.3.4.4b HPA…
Emergence of a new genotype of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses in Bangladesh Open
Influenza virological surveillance was conducted in Bangladesh from January to December 2021 in live poultry markets (LPMs) and in Tanguar Haor, a wetland region where domestic ducks have frequent contact with migratory birds. The predomin…
Vertebral monstrosities: Phenotypically shortened fish with deformed vertebrae in endemic fish genus Hypselobarbus (Bleeker 1860), (Teleostei: Cyprinidae) from Western Ghats, India Open
The vertebral deformity in four fish species of genus Hypselobarbus (Bleeker 1860), collected from three different river systems of the Western Ghats, biodiversity hotspot of India, are reported here. The radiographic images revealed reduc…
View article: Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in a common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) in Florida
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) virus in a common bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus) in Florida Open
Since late 2021, highly pathogenic avian influenza (HPAI) viruses of the A/goose/Guangdong/1/1996 (H5N1) lineage have continued to cause widespread mortality in wild birds and poultry in the United States. Concomitant with the spread of HP…
View article: Development of a nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine against clade 2.3.4.4b H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus
Development of a nucleoside-modified mRNA vaccine against clade 2.3.4.4b H5 highly pathogenic avian influenza virus Open
Highly pathogenic avian influenza viruses from H5 clade 2.3.4.4b are circulating at unprecedently high levels in wild and domestic birds and have the potential to adapt to humans. We generated an mRNA lipid nanoparticle (LNP) vaccine encod…
View article: Integrated Drivers of Basal and Acute Immunity in Diverse Human Populations
Integrated Drivers of Basal and Acute Immunity in Diverse Human Populations Open
Prior studies have identified genetic, infectious, and biological associations with immune competence and disease severity; however, there have been few integrative analyses of these factors and study populations are often limited in demog…
mRNA Vaccine Mitigates SARS-CoV-2 Infections and COVID-19 Open
SARS-CoV-2 continues to disrupt everyday life and cause excess morbidity and mortality worldwide. Vaccination has been key to quelling the impact of this respiratory pathogen, and mRNA vaccines have led the charge on this front.
Emergence of a new genotype of clade 2.3.4.4b H5N1 highly pathogenic avian influenza A viruses in Bangladesh Open
Influenza virological surveillance was conducted in Bangladesh from January to December 2021 in live poultry markets (LPMs) and in Tanguar Haor, a wetland region where domestic ducks have frequent contact with migratory birds. The predomin…
Chemical scaffold recycling: Structure-guided conversion of an HIV integrase inhibitor into a potent influenza virus RNA-dependent RNA polymerase inhibitor designed to minimize resistance potential Open
Influenza is one of the leading causes of disease-related mortalities worldwide. Several strategies have been implemented during the past decades to hinder the replication cycle of influenza viruses, all of which have resulted in the emerg…
Highly Pathogenic Avian Influenza A(H5N1) Clade 2.3.4.4b Virus in Poultry, Benin, 2021 Open
In August 2021, we detected highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) clade 2.3.4.4b viruses in poultry in southern Benin. The isolates were genetically similar to H5N1 viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b isolated during the same period in Africa an…
Rapid evolution of A(H5N1) influenza viruses after intercontinental spread to North America Open
Highly pathogenic avian influenza A(H5N1) viruses of clade 2.3.4.4b underwent an explosive geographic expansion in 2021, with the viruses being detected in wild birds and domestic poultry across Asia, Europe, and Africa. In 2022, viruses o…
Genetic Evolution of Avian Influenza A (H9N2) Viruses Isolated from Domestic Poultry in Uganda Reveals Evidence of Mammalian Host Adaptation, Increased Virulence and Reduced Sensitivity to Baloxavir Open
A (H9N2) avian influenza A viruses were first detected in Uganda in 2017 and have since established themselves in live bird markets. The aim of this study was to establish the subsequent genetic evolution of H9N2 viruses in Uganda. Cloacal…