Tyson H. Brown
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View article: State‐Level Structural Racism and Incident Coronary Heart Disease
State‐Level Structural Racism and Incident Coronary Heart Disease Open
Background Black Americans have greater coronary heart disease (CHD) burden than White Americans, disparities that are largely socially determined. Discriminatory societal practices that systematically disadvantage Black Americans are form…
View article: A latent measure of cultural racism and its association with US mortality and life expectancy
A latent measure of cultural racism and its association with US mortality and life expectancy Open
The US social context is characterized by systemic racism, a key driver of racial disparities. While structural and interpersonal racism are well-established components of systemic racism, cultural racism-a system of beliefs (ideology) and…
View article: Advancing the Scientific Study of Structural Racism: Concepts, Measures, and Methods
Advancing the Scientific Study of Structural Racism: Concepts, Measures, and Methods Open
This review provides 10 actionable recommendations for advancing the scientific study of structural racism through theoretically grounded and empirically robust measures and methods. By offering conceptual and analytical clarity, these rec…
View article: Racialized Health Inequities: Quantifying Socioeconomic and Stress Pathways Using Moderated Mediation
Racialized Health Inequities: Quantifying Socioeconomic and Stress Pathways Using Moderated Mediation Open
Racism drives population health inequities by shaping the unequal distribution of key social determinants of health, such as socioeconomic resources and exposure to stressors. Research on interrelationships among race, socioeconomic resour…
View article: Conceptualizing and Measuring Systemic Racism
Conceptualizing and Measuring Systemic Racism Open
This article provides a guide for rigorous, theory-driven measurement approaches, proposing best practices for the scientific study of systemic racism in health research. We argue that the analytical crux of measuring systemic racism—a com…
View article: The Add Health Parent Study: A Biosocial Resource for the Study of Multigenerational Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Alzheimer’s Disease and Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Dementias
The Add Health Parent Study: A Biosocial Resource for the Study of Multigenerational Racial/Ethnic Disparities in Alzheimer’s Disease and Alzheimer’s Disease-Related Dementias Open
Background: Alzheimer’s disease and Alzheimer’s disease related dementias (AD/ADRD) have increased in prevalence. Objective: This article describes the Add Health Parent Study (AHPS) Phase 2, a study of social, behavioral, and biological f…
View article: Design and pilot test of an implicit bias mitigation curriculum for clinicians
Design and pilot test of an implicit bias mitigation curriculum for clinicians Open
Introduction Clinician implicit racial bias (IB) may lead to lower quality care and adverse health outcomes for Black patients. Educational efforts to train clinicians to mitigate IB vary widely and have insufficient evidence of impact. We…
View article: Perceptions of Racial-Ethnic Inequities in COVID-19 Healthcare and Willingness to Receive the COVID-19 Vaccine
Perceptions of Racial-Ethnic Inequities in COVID-19 Healthcare and Willingness to Receive the COVID-19 Vaccine Open
Background: Perceptions of the US healthcare system can impact individuals’ healthcare utilization, including vaccination intentions. This study examined the association between perceived racial–ethnic inequities in COVID-19 healthcare and…
View article: Structural Racism and Health Stratification: Connecting Theory to Measurement
Structural Racism and Health Stratification: Connecting Theory to Measurement Open
Less than 1% of studies on racialized health inequities have empirically examined their root cause: structural racism. Moreover, there has been a disconnect between the conceptualization and measurement of structural racism. This study adv…
View article: Multimorbidity trajectories in early adulthood and middle age: Findings from the CARDIA prospective cohort study
Multimorbidity trajectories in early adulthood and middle age: Findings from the CARDIA prospective cohort study Open
Background Multimorbidity research has focused on the prevalence and consequences of multimorbidity in older populations. Less is known about the accumulation of chronic conditions earlier in the life course. Methods We identified patterns…
View article: Association of educational attainment with cancer mortality in a national cohort study of black and white adults: A mediation analysis
Association of educational attainment with cancer mortality in a national cohort study of black and white adults: A mediation analysis Open
In conclusion, participant education was strongly associated with cancer mortality, and this association was partially mediated by the SDOH domain score.
View article: Racialized Health Inequities: Quantifying Socioeconomic and Stress Pathways Using Moderated Mediation
Racialized Health Inequities: Quantifying Socioeconomic and Stress Pathways Using Moderated Mediation Open
Racism drives population health inequities by shaping the unequal distribution of key social determinants of health, such as socioeconomic resources and exposure to stressors. Research on interrelationships among race, socioeconomic resour…
View article: How Social Roles Affect Sleep Health during Midlife
How Social Roles Affect Sleep Health during Midlife Open
This study draws on role theory and the life course perspective to examine how sleep health (duration, quality, and latency) is shaped by social role accumulation (number of roles), role repertoires (role combinations), and role contexts a…
View article: The Future of Social Determinants of Health: Looking Upstream to Structural Drivers
The Future of Social Determinants of Health: Looking Upstream to Structural Drivers Open
Policy Points Policies that redress oppressive social, economic, and political conditions are essential for improving population health and achieving health equity. Efforts to remedy structural oppression and its deleterious effects should…
View article: Racial inequality in functional trajectories between Black and White U.S. veterans
Racial inequality in functional trajectories between Black and White U.S. veterans Open
Background Racial inequality in functional trajectories has been well documented in the U.S. civilian population but has not been explored among Veterans. Our objectives were to: (1) assess how functional trajectories differed for Black an…
View article: Empirical evidence on structural racism as a driver of racial inequities in COVID-19 mortality
Empirical evidence on structural racism as a driver of racial inequities in COVID-19 mortality Open
Objective This study contributes to the literature by empirically testing the extent to which place-based structural racism is a driver of state-level racial inequalities in COVID-19 mortality using theoretically-informed, innovative appro…
View article: HOW IS MENTAL HEALTH IN LATE LIFE SHAPED BY STRUCTURAL RACISM?
HOW IS MENTAL HEALTH IN LATE LIFE SHAPED BY STRUCTURAL RACISM? Open
Less than one percent of studies on the link between race and health have focused on structural racism. Empirical research on how structural racism affects health in later life is especially rare. Moreover, the conceptualization of structu…
View article: Frontiers in measuring structural racism and its health effects
Frontiers in measuring structural racism and its health effects Open
Authors have no conflicts of interest.
View article: Work-Related Stress, Psychosocial Resources, and Insomnia Symptoms Among Older Black Workers
Work-Related Stress, Psychosocial Resources, and Insomnia Symptoms Among Older Black Workers Open
Objectives: To examine the association between work-related stress (job lock and job stress appraisal) and insomnia symptoms among older Black workers, as well as the extent to which psychosocial resources (mastery, social support, and rel…
View article: Structural Racism and Health Stratification in the U.S.: Connecting Theory to Measurement
Structural Racism and Health Stratification in the U.S.: Connecting Theory to Measurement Open
Despite the centrality of structural explanations for understanding racialized inequality, less than one percent of studies on the link between race and health have focused on structural racism. Moreover, the disconnect between the concept…
View article: Improving The Measurement Of Structural Racism To Achieve Antiracist Health Policy
Improving The Measurement Of Structural Racism To Achieve Antiracist Health Policy Open
Antiracist health policy research requires methodological innovation that creates equity-centered and antiracist solutions to health inequities by centering the complexities and insidiousness of structural racism. The development of effect…
View article: Structural Intersectionality as a New Direction for Health Disparities Research
Structural Intersectionality as a New Direction for Health Disparities Research Open
This article advances the field by integrating insights from intersectionality perspectives with the emerging literatures on structural racism and structural sexism—which point to promising new ways to measure systems of inequality at a ma…
View article: Prevalence, severity and distribution of depression and anxiety symptoms using observational data collected before and nine months into the COVID-19 pandemic
Prevalence, severity and distribution of depression and anxiety symptoms using observational data collected before and nine months into the COVID-19 pandemic Open
Trinity College of Arts & Sciences and Social Science Research Institute at Duke University.
View article: Depression Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic among Well-educated, Employed Adults with Low Infection Risks
Depression Symptoms During the COVID-19 Pandemic among Well-educated, Employed Adults with Low Infection Risks Open
Levels and distributions of depression symptoms 8-10 months after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic are reported in a population of faculty, staff, and students at Duke University who faced minimal infection and economic disruption due to…
View article: What Factors Influence the Perception of Longevity?
What Factors Influence the Perception of Longevity? Open
Previous research has highlighted the link between health-related factors and longevity. In particular, indices such as poor cardiovascular reactivity, high BMI, stress, and respiratory functioning have been shown to increase risk of morta…
View article: Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Alcohol Consumption Across Youth and Early Adulthood
Genome-Wide Meta-Analysis of Longitudinal Alcohol Consumption Across Youth and Early Adulthood Open
The public health burden of alcohol is unevenly distributed across the life course, with levels of use, abuse, and dependence increasing across adolescence and peaking in early adulthood. Here, we leverage this temporal patterning to searc…
View article: Pathways to the all-volunteer military*
Pathways to the all-volunteer military* Open
The present study investigates the role of a disadvantaged background, the lack of social connectedness, and behavioral problems in channeling young men to the opportunities of the all-volunteer military instead of to college and the labor…