Ulrike W. Kaunzner
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View article: Quantifying the Impact of Ocrelizumab on Paramagnetic Rim Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis
Quantifying the Impact of Ocrelizumab on Paramagnetic Rim Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis Open
Paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) are a subset of chronic active multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, characterized by a rim of iron-laden macrophages and microglia encircling a demyelinated core. These lesions signify persistent inflammatory ac…
View article: Repair mechanisms of the central nervous system: From axon sprouting to remyelination
Repair mechanisms of the central nervous system: From axon sprouting to remyelination Open
The central nervous system (CNS), comprising the brain, spinal cord, and optic nerve, has limited regenerative capacity, posing significant challenges in treating neurological disorders. Recent advances in neuroscience and neurotherapeutic…
View article: TSPO-PET Reveals Higher Inflammation in White Matter Disrupted by Paramagnetic Rim Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis
TSPO-PET Reveals Higher Inflammation in White Matter Disrupted by Paramagnetic Rim Lesions in Multiple Sclerosis Open
Objective To explore whether the inflammatory activity is higher in white matter (WM) tracts disrupted by paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs) and if inflammation in PRL-disrupted WM tracts is associated with disability in people with multiple …
View article: Impact of paramagnetic rim lesions on disability and race in multiple sclerosis: mediation analysis
Impact of paramagnetic rim lesions on disability and race in multiple sclerosis: mediation analysis Open
Objective Black American (BA) multiple sclerosis (MS) patients experience greater disability compared to White American (WA) patients. Here, we investigated the role of paramagnetic rim lesions (PRLs), a subset of chronic active lesions, o…
View article: The use of modafinil for the treatment of fatigue in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of controlled clinical trials
The use of modafinil for the treatment of fatigue in multiple sclerosis: A systematic review and meta‐analysis of controlled clinical trials Open
Introduction Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a debilitating neurological condition affecting nearly one million people across the United States. Among the most prominent symptoms of the condition are excessive fatigue and daytime sleepiness. Nu…
View article: Emerging Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Disease Activity and Progression in Multiple Sclerosis
Emerging Cerebrospinal Fluid Biomarkers of Disease Activity and Progression in Multiple Sclerosis Open
Importance Biomarkers distinguishing nonrelapsing progressive disease biology from relapsing biology in multiple sclerosis (MS) are lacking. Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is an accessible fluid that most closely reflects central nervous system…
View article: No Evidence of Disease Activity (NEDA) as a Clinical Assessment Tool for Multiple Sclerosis: Clinician and Patient Perspectives [Narrative Review]
No Evidence of Disease Activity (NEDA) as a Clinical Assessment Tool for Multiple Sclerosis: Clinician and Patient Perspectives [Narrative Review] Open
The emergence of high-efficacy therapies for multiple sclerosis (MS), which target inflammation more effectively than traditional disease-modifying therapies, has led to a shift in MS management towards achieving the outcome assessment kno…
View article: Epsilon toxin–producing Clostridium perfringens colonize the multiple sclerosis gut microbiome overcoming CNS immune privilege
Epsilon toxin–producing Clostridium perfringens colonize the multiple sclerosis gut microbiome overcoming CNS immune privilege Open
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex disease of the CNS thought to require an environmental trigger. Gut dysbiosis is common in MS, but specific causative species are unknown. To address this knowledge gap, we used sensitive and quantitati…
View article: The sequence of regional structural disconnectivity due to multiple sclerosis lesions
The sequence of regional structural disconnectivity due to multiple sclerosis lesions Open
Objective Prediction of disease progression is challenging in multiple sclerosis (MS) as the sequence of lesion development and retention of inflammation within a subset of chronic lesions is heterogeneous among patients. We investigated t…
View article: Differential effects of anti-CD20 therapy on CD4 and CD8 T cells and implication of CD20-expressing CD8 T cells in MS disease activity
Differential effects of anti-CD20 therapy on CD4 and CD8 T cells and implication of CD20-expressing CD8 T cells in MS disease activity Open
A small proportion of multiple sclerosis (MS) patients develop new disease activity soon after starting anti-CD20 therapy. This activity does not recur with further dosing, possibly reflecting deeper depletion of CD20-expressing cells with…
View article: The sequence of regional structural disconnectivity due to multiple sclerosis lesions
The sequence of regional structural disconnectivity due to multiple sclerosis lesions Open
Prediction of disease progression is challenging in multiple sclerosis as the sequence of lesion development and retention of inflammation within a subset of chronic lesions is heterogeneous among patients. We investigated the sequence of …
View article: Disease correlates of rim lesions on quantitative susceptibility mapping in multiple sclerosis
Disease correlates of rim lesions on quantitative susceptibility mapping in multiple sclerosis Open
View article: Quantitative susceptibility mapping versus phase imaging to identify multiple sclerosis iron rim lesions with demyelination
Quantitative susceptibility mapping versus phase imaging to identify multiple sclerosis iron rim lesions with demyelination Open
Background and Purpose To compare quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM) and high‐pass‐filtered (HPF) phase imaging for (1) identifying chronic active rim lesions with more myelin damage and (2) distinguishing patients with increased cl…
View article: Disease Correlates of Rim Lesions on Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping in Multiple Sclerosis
Disease Correlates of Rim Lesions on Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping in Multiple Sclerosis Open
Quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), an imaging technique sensitive to brain iron, has been used to detect paramagnetic rims of iron-laden active microglia and macrophages in a subset of multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions, known as rim+…
View article: Structural disconnectivity from paramagnetic rim lesions is related to disability in multiple sclerosis
Structural disconnectivity from paramagnetic rim lesions is related to disability in multiple sclerosis Open
Background In people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS), lesions with a hyperintense rim (rim+) on Quantitative Susceptibility Mapping (QSM) have been shown to have greater myelin damage compared to rim‐ lesions, but their association with dis…
View article: Lesion features on magnetic resonance imaging discriminate multiple sclerosis patients
Lesion features on magnetic resonance imaging discriminate multiple sclerosis patients Open
Background Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) provides insight into various pathological processes in multiple sclerosis (MS) and may provide insight into patterns of damage among patients. Objective We sought to determine if MRI features ha…
View article: Author response for "Structural disconnectivity from paramagnetic rim lesions is related to disability in multiple sclerosis"
Author response for "Structural disconnectivity from paramagnetic rim lesions is related to disability in multiple sclerosis" Open
View article: Disease correlates of quantitative susceptibility mapping rim lesions in multiple sclerosis
Disease correlates of quantitative susceptibility mapping rim lesions in multiple sclerosis Open
Objective This study aimed to explore the association between chronic active rim+ lesions, identified as having a hyperintense rim on quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM), on both clinical disability and imaging measures of neurodegen…
View article: Quantitative susceptibility mapping captures chronic multiple sclerosis rim lesions with greater myelin damage: Comparison with high-pass filtered phase MRI
Quantitative susceptibility mapping captures chronic multiple sclerosis rim lesions with greater myelin damage: Comparison with high-pass filtered phase MRI Open
Background Chronic active MS lesions with paramagnetic rim can be identified by high-pass filtered (HPF) phase imaging or quantitative susceptibility mapping (QSM). Purpose The objective was to compare the ability of HPF and QSM to identif…
View article: QSM is an imaging biomarker for chronic glial activation in multiple sclerosis lesions
QSM is an imaging biomarker for chronic glial activation in multiple sclerosis lesions Open
Background Inflammation in chronic active lesions occurs behind a closed blood–brain barrier and cannot be detected with MRI. Activated microglia are highly enriched for iron and can be visualized with quantitative susceptibility mapping (…
View article: Brachial plexopathy as a complication of COVID-19
Brachial plexopathy as a complication of COVID-19 Open
COVID-19 affects a wide spectrum of organ systems. We report a 52-year-old man with hypertension and newly diagnosed diabetes mellitus who presented with hypoxic respiratory failure due to COVID-19 and developed severe brachial plexopathy.…
View article: Structural disconnectivity from quantitative susceptibility mapping rim+ lesions is related to disability in people with multiple sclerosis
Structural disconnectivity from quantitative susceptibility mapping rim+ lesions is related to disability in people with multiple sclerosis Open
Background Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a disease characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and/or axonal loss that disrupts white matter pathways that constitute the brain’s structural connectivity network. Individual disease burden and…
View article: Impact of Lesion Location on Longitudinal Myelin Water Fraction Change in Chronic Multiple Sclerosis Lesions
Impact of Lesion Location on Longitudinal Myelin Water Fraction Change in Chronic Multiple Sclerosis Lesions Open
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE To examine the impact of lesion location on longitudinal myelin water fraction (MWF) changes in chronic multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions. Relative hypoxia, due to vascular watershed regions of the cerebrum, has been i…
View article: A Multi-Ligand Imaging Study Exploring GABAergic Receptor Expression and Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis
A Multi-Ligand Imaging Study Exploring GABAergic Receptor Expression and Inflammation in Multiple Sclerosis Open
View article: Black African and Latino/a identity correlates with increased plasmablasts in MS
Black African and Latino/a identity correlates with increased plasmablasts in MS Open
The enhanced peripheral blood plasmablast signature revealed among Black African or Latin American subjects with MS points to distinct underlying mechanisms associated with MS immunopathogenesis. This dysregulation may contribute to the di…
View article: Quantitative susceptibility mapping identifies inflammation in a subset of chronic multiple sclerosis lesions
Quantitative susceptibility mapping identifies inflammation in a subset of chronic multiple sclerosis lesions Open
Chronic active multiple sclerosis lesions, characterized by a hyperintense rim of iron-enriched, activated microglia and macrophages, have been linked to greater tissue damage. Post-mortem studies have determined that chronic active lesion…
View article: Comparison of two different methods of image analysis for the assessment of microglial activation in patients with multiple sclerosis using (R)-[N-methyl-carbon-11]PK11195
Comparison of two different methods of image analysis for the assessment of microglial activation in patients with multiple sclerosis using (R)-[N-methyl-carbon-11]PK11195 Open
Chronic active multiple sclerosis (MS) lesions have a rim of activated microglia/macrophages (m/M) leading to ongoing tissue damage, and thus represent a potential treatment target. Activation of this innate immune response in MS has been …
View article: MRI in the assessment and monitoring of multiple sclerosis: an update on best practice
MRI in the assessment and monitoring of multiple sclerosis: an update on best practice Open
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has developed into the most important tool for the diagnosis and monitoring of multiple sclerosis (MS). Its high sensitivity for the evaluation of inflammatory and neurodegenerative processes in the brain a…
View article: Reduction of PK11195 uptake observed in multiple sclerosis lesions after natalizumab initiation
Reduction of PK11195 uptake observed in multiple sclerosis lesions after natalizumab initiation Open
View article: Rapidly progressive bilateral optic nerve and retinal infarctions due to rhinocerebral mucormycosis and pseudoephedrine use
Rapidly progressive bilateral optic nerve and retinal infarctions due to rhinocerebral mucormycosis and pseudoephedrine use Open
Rhinocerebral mucormycosis is a life-threatening fungal disease due to Rhizopus or Mucor species. Infection typically occurs in patients who are immunocompromised or have poorly controlled diabetes.1 The classical syndrome consists of a ra…