Explanipedia

Trichoderma based formulations control the wilt disease of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) caused by Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. ciceris, better when inoculated as consortia: findings from pot experiments under field conditions Open

Safeer A. Chohan, Muhammad Akbar, Umer Iqbal · 2024

Background Commercial/chemical pesticides are available to control Fusarium wilt of chickpea, but these antifungals have numerous environmental and human health hazards. Amongst various organic alternatives, use of antagonistic fungi like …

Screening of Mung bean Germplasm for Resistance against Cercospora Leaf Spot under Natural Field Conditions Open

Saad Aziz Ajmal, Umer Iqbal, Hafiz Muhammad Asad Ullah, Ahmed Raza, Majid Karim , et al. · 2024

Mung bean is an excellent protein source pulse crop grown throughout the world. Punjab province accounts for 80% area and production of mung bean in Pakistan. Mung bean is cultivated on a large scale for its green manuring ability and grai…

The Application of Genomics and Bioinformatics to Recognize Soybean Pathogen Interaction in a Changing Climate Open

Muhammad Rizwan Bashir, Ahsan Mohyo ud Din, Muhammad Sajid, Ejaz ul Hassan, Qamar Anser Tufail Khan , et al. · 2023

The changing climate and continuously increasing global population has posed immense pressure on plant scientists to ensure per capita availability of food under scarcity of natural resources. The present circumstances also enforce to unde…

Molecular diagnosis of red rot of sugarcane in Pakistan and in vitro control of isolated pathogen using rhizobacteria Open

Zimen Ahmad, Muhammad Asad Farooq, Amama Fatima, Syeda Gul Nisa, Sania Tabassum , et al. · 2023

Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum L.) is a key cash crop, and its production is influenced by a variety of phytopathogens in different parts of the world. During consecutive field surveys, sugarcane stalks with red rot symptoms were observe…

Biodegradation of low-density polyethylene plastics by fungi isolated from waste disposal site at district Peshawar, Pakistan Open

Hyder Ali, Muddasir Khan, Saifullah Khan, Madiha Iqbal, Sohail Ahmad Jan , et al. · 2021

Plastics are resistant to microbial attack, which has become a major cause of environmental pollution. The current study aimed to identify the fungi, capable of the biodegradation of low-density polyethylene plastics from different waste d…

EVALUATION OF FUNGICIDAL POTENTIAL OF TWENTY MEDICINAL PLANTS AGAINST MACROPHOMINA PHASEOLINA CAUSING CHARCOAL ROT OF GREEN GRAM Open

Umer Iqbal, Wajahat Azeem · 2021

The possible use of plants with antifungal activities for the control of Macrophomina phaseolina is an area that has not been fully exploited. The objective of the present study was, therefore, to evaluate twenty antagonistic plants found …

Hybrid Image Steganography Method with Random Embedding of Encrypted Message Open

Umer Iqbal · 2021

The main challenge for embedding encrypted message in an input image is to get better the security of the confidential information through hybrid-based image steganography method. Moreover, earlier LSB based solutions existed in which eith…

MIND: A Multi-Source Data Fusion Scheme for Intrusion Detection in Networks Open

Naveed Anjum, Zohaib Latif, Choonhwa Lee, Ijaz Ali Shoukat, Umer Iqbal · 2021

In recent years, there is an exponential explosion of data generation, collection, and processing in computer networks. With this expansion of data, network attacks have also become a congenital problem in complex networks. The resource ut…

A secure key dependent dynamic substitution method for symmetric cryptosystems Open

Aisha Ejaz, Ijaz Ali Shoukat, Umer Iqbal, Abdul Rauf, Afshan Kanwal · 2021

The biggest challenge for symmetric cryptosystems is to replace their static substitution with dynamic substitution, because static substitution S-boxes make the symmetric block ciphers more vulnerable to attacks. Previous well-known dynam…

Analyzing and predict stock prices: Technical Report Open

Umer Iqbal · 2021

A company stock price is the highest amount someone is willing to pay for the stock, or the lowest amount that it can be bought for. Technical analysis can be used to predict information on future price movements from historical data. \n \…

Optimal sequence for chain matrix multiplication using evolutionary algorithm Open

Umer Iqbal, Ijaz Ali Shoukat, Ihsan Elahi, Afshan Kanwal, Bakhtawar Farrukh , et al. · 2021

The Chain Matrix Multiplication Problem (CMMP) is an optimization problem that helps to find the optimal way of parenthesization for Chain Matrix Multiplication (CMM). This problem arises in various scientific applications such as in elect…

Problems and Progressive Cryptanalysis of Prominent Block Ciphers Open

Ijaz Ali Shoukat, Umer Iqbal, Muhammad Sheraz Arshad Malik, F. Saher · 2020

Practical cracking of Data Encryption Standard (DES) and mathematical cracking of Advanced Encryption Standard (AES) is seriously questionable despite the fact that AES retains good length of the encryption key, but still all encryption ro…

Quantification of Plant available Zinc, Copper, Iron, Manganese, Boron, and Visualization of their Spatial Distribution through GIS in District Mandi Bahauddin, Punjab, Pakistan Open

Zahid Hassan Tarar, Muhammad Salik Ali Khan, S. M. Mehdi, Raza Salim, Irfan Ahmad Saleem , et al. · 2020

Micronutrients deficiency in alkaline-calcareous soils is a major constraint to get optimum crop yield.The possible solution could be the site-specific nutrient management after assessing the micronutrient status at a particular site.This …

Induction of Heat Tolerance in Maize through Exogenous Application of Salicylic Acid, Ascorbic Acid and Hydrogen Peroxide in a Field Study Open

Muhammad Mazhar Iqbal, Ijaz Ahmad, Shahzad Maqsood Ahmed Basra, Abu Baker Ijaz, Zahid Hassan Tarar , et al. · 2020

IntroductionM aize (Zea mays L.) is an important cereal crop and cultivated

Inhibitory Effects of some Fungicides against Macrophomina phaseolina Causing Charcoal Rot Open

Umer Iqbal, Tariq Mukhtar · 2019

No fungicides have been registered to control Macrophomina phaseolina in Pakistan.Therefore, in the present study, nine fungicides belonging to different groups were evaluated for their in vitro and in vivo effectiveness against M. phaseol…

Numerical Solution of Fractional Diffusion Wave Equation and Fractional Klein–Gordon Equation via Two-Dimensional Genocchi Polynomials with a Ritz–Galerkin Method Open

Afshan Kanwal, Chang Phang, Umer Iqbal · 2018

In this paper, two-dimensional Genocchi polynomials and the Ritz–Galerkin method were developed to investigate the Fractional Diffusion Wave Equation (FDWE) and the Fractional Klein–Gordon Equation (FKGE). A satisfier function that satisfi…

An improved functional link neural network for data classification Open

Umer Iqbal · 2018

The goal of classification is to assign the pre-specified group or class to an instance based on the observed features related to that instance. The implementation of several classification models is challenging as some only work well when…

An Innovative Cognitive Architecture for Humanoid Robot Open

Muhammad Faheem, Urooj Akram, Adeel Tariq, Irfan Khan, Muhammad Zulqarnain , et al. · 2017

Humanoid robot is appearing as most popular research tool and emerging research field. The greatest challenge in the development of robot is cognition, advancement and the understanding in the human like cognition. Humanoid robot requires …

Chebyshev Multilayer Perceptron Neural Network with Levenberg Marquardt-Back Propagation Learning for Classification Tasks Open

Umer Iqbal, Rozaida Ghazali · 2016

Artificial neural network has been proved among the best tools in data mining for classification tasks. Multilayer perceptron (MLP) neural network commonly used due to the fast convergence and easy implementation. Meanwhile, it fails to ta…

A Khattak Approach for Detection and Removal of Black and Gray Hole Attacks in Manet Open

K. Hizbullah, Umer Iqbal, Insafullah · 2016

Mobility of nodes and dynamic changing topology creates security issues in MANETs making it vulnerable to some prominent attacks. Black and gray hole attacks drop the data packets in AODV. In this paper we propose a technique to detect and…

Bukan Kerana Pangkat: Tun Dr Ismail dan Masanya (Malay Version) Open

Umer Iqbal · 2016

Tausug and the Sultanate of Sulu (Malay Version) Open

Umer Iqbal · 2016

This book is a historical analysis compiled from various media about defense, war and genocide against the Moro Islamic Sulu (Tausug) in the southern Philippines. This book is focused on the history of the Muslim Sulu community without ent…

Book Review 'Great Battles: Decisive Conflicts That Have Shaped History' Open

Umer Iqbal · 2016

Development of a Decision Support System to increase the Tea Crops yield Open

Umer Iqbal, Muhammad Shahbaz, Adnan Khalid · 2015

Pakistan is the largest consumer of tea, but not the biggest producer of it. To fulfill its needs Pakistan expends a large amount of foreign reserve to import tea. To save foreign reserves and fulfill tea needs, we have to make precise dec…

Konfrontasi Malaysia Indonesia (Malay Version) Open

Umer Iqbal · 2015

Cement is used as the primary sealant in oil and gas wells throughout the world and is manufactured to meet specific chemical and physical standards set up by the American Petroleum Institute (API). As a result, oil companies purchase ceme…

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