Varpu Marjomäki
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View article: Selected strains of the Ganoderma lucidum complex from Finnish forests have excellent broadly acting antiviral properties
Selected strains of the Ganoderma lucidum complex from Finnish forests have excellent broadly acting antiviral properties Open
Broadly acting antivirals are needed to complement vaccines in present and future pandemics and outbreaks as safe and sustainable tools for combating virus infections. Thus, the current study aims to investigate the broad-spectrum antivira…
View article: Immunological and structural evaluation of the intranasally administrated CVB1 whole-virus and VLP vaccines
Immunological and structural evaluation of the intranasally administrated CVB1 whole-virus and VLP vaccines Open
Coxsackievirus B1 (CVB1) is a common cause of acute and chronic myocarditis, cardiomyopathy, and meningitis. CVBs replicate in mucosal membranes. Therefore, vaccines inducing robust mucosal immune responses are needed. We investigated the …
View article: A rosin-functionalized plastic surface inactivates African swine fever virus
A rosin-functionalized plastic surface inactivates African swine fever virus Open
African swine fever virus (ASFV) causes a severe hemorrhagic disease in pigs, leading to up to 100% case fatality. The virus May persist on solid surfaces for long periods; thus, fomites, such as contaminated clothing, footwear, farming to…
View article: SAR Analysis of Novel Coxsackie virus A9 Capsid Binders
SAR Analysis of Novel Coxsackie virus A9 Capsid Binders Open
Enterovirus infections are common in humans, yet there are no approved antiviral treatments. In this study we concentrated on inhibition of one of the Enterovirus B (EV-B), namely Coxsackievirus A9 (CVA9), using a combination of medicinal …
View article: Comparison of structure and immunogenicity of CVB1-VLP and inactivated CVB1 vaccine candidates
Comparison of structure and immunogenicity of CVB1-VLP and inactivated CVB1 vaccine candidates Open
Coxsackievirus B1 (CVB1) is a common cause of acute and chronic myocarditis, dilated cardiomyopathy and aseptic meningitis. However, no CVB-vaccines are available for human use. In this study, we investigated the immunogenicity of virus-li…
View article: Tree Species-Dependent Inactivation of Coronaviruses and Enteroviruses on Solid Wood Surfaces
Tree Species-Dependent Inactivation of Coronaviruses and Enteroviruses on Solid Wood Surfaces Open
The ongoing challenge of viral transmission, exemplified by the Covid pandemic and recurrent viral outbreaks, necessitates the exploration of sustainable antiviral solutions. This study investigates the underexplored antiviral potential of…
View article: Antiviral action of a functionalized plastic surface against human coronaviruses
Antiviral action of a functionalized plastic surface against human coronaviruses Open
Viruses may persist on solid surfaces for long periods, which may contribute to indirect transmission. Thus, it is imperative to develop functionalized surfaces that will lower the infectious viral load in everyday life. Here, we have test…
View article: Modifying the terminal phenyl group of monomethine cyanine dyes as a pathway to brighter nucleic acid probes
Modifying the terminal phenyl group of monomethine cyanine dyes as a pathway to brighter nucleic acid probes Open
Three novel monomethine cyanine dyes were synthesized carrying electron donating groups to obtain even brighter nucleic acids probes.
View article: Antiviral functionalization of cellulose using tannic acid and tannin-rich extracts
Antiviral functionalization of cellulose using tannic acid and tannin-rich extracts Open
Due to seasonally appearing viruses and several outbreaks and present pandemic, we are surrounded by viruses in our everyday life. In order to reduce viral transmission, functionalized surfaces that inactivate viruses are in large demand. …
View article: Willow (Salix spp.) bark hot water extracts inhibit both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses: study on its anti-coronavirus and anti-enterovirus activities
Willow (Salix spp.) bark hot water extracts inhibit both enveloped and non-enveloped viruses: study on its anti-coronavirus and anti-enterovirus activities Open
Introduction Recurring viral outbreaks have a significant negative impact on society. This creates a need to develop novel strategies to complement the existing antiviral approaches. There is a need for safe and sustainable antiviral solut…
View article: Vemurafenib Inhibits Acute and Chronic Enterovirus Infection by Affecting Cellular Kinase Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase Type IIIβ
Vemurafenib Inhibits Acute and Chronic Enterovirus Infection by Affecting Cellular Kinase Phosphatidylinositol 4-Kinase Type IIIβ Open
Despite the prevalence and medical threat of enteroviruses, presently, there are no antivirals against them. Here, we show that vemurafenib, an FDA-approved RAF kinase inhibitor for treating BRAF V600E mutant-related melanoma, prevents ent…
View article: Inspired by nature: Fiber networks functionalized with tannic acid and condensed tannin-rich extracts of Norway spruce bark show antimicrobial efficacy
Inspired by nature: Fiber networks functionalized with tannic acid and condensed tannin-rich extracts of Norway spruce bark show antimicrobial efficacy Open
This study demonstrated the antibacterial and antiviral potential of condensed tannins and tannic acid when incorporated into fiber networks tested for functional material purposes. Condensed tannins were extracted from industrial bark of …
View article: Antiviral Mechanisms of N-Phenyl Benzamides on Coxsackie Virus A9
Antiviral Mechanisms of N-Phenyl Benzamides on Coxsackie Virus A9 Open
Enteroviruses are one of the most abundant groups of viruses infecting humans, and yet there are no approved antivirals against them. To find effective antiviral compounds against enterovirus B group viruses, an in-house chemical library w…
View article: Structural Studies Reveal that Endosomal Cations Promote Formation of Infectious Coxsackievirus A9 A-Particles, Facilitating RNA and VP4 Release
Structural Studies Reveal that Endosomal Cations Promote Formation of Infectious Coxsackievirus A9 A-Particles, Facilitating RNA and VP4 Release Open
Coxsackievirus A9 (CVA9) is a common cause of meningitis and neonatal sepsis. The triggers and mode of action of RNA release into the cell unusually do not require receptor interaction.
View article: CCDC 2194824: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
CCDC 2194824: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Open
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available …
View article: CCDC 2194826: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
CCDC 2194826: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Open
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available …
View article: CCDC 2194823: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
CCDC 2194823: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Open
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available …
View article: CCDC 2194825: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
CCDC 2194825: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Open
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available …
View article: CCDC 2194827: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination
CCDC 2194827: Experimental Crystal Structure Determination Open
An entry from the Cambridge Structural Database, the world’s repository for small molecule crystal structures. The entry contains experimental data from a crystal diffraction study. The deposited dataset for this entry is freely available …
View article: Structural studies reveal that endosomal cations promote formation of infectious CVA9 A particles, facilitating RNA and VP4 release
Structural studies reveal that endosomal cations promote formation of infectious CVA9 A particles, facilitating RNA and VP4 release Open
Coxsackievirus A9, an enterovirus, is a common cause of paediatric aseptic meningitis and neonatal sepsis. During cell entry, enterovirus capsids undergo conformational changes leading to expansion, formation of large pores, externalizatio…
View article: Serological Follow-Up Study Indicates High Seasonal Coronavirus Infection and Reinfection Rates in Early Childhood
Serological Follow-Up Study Indicates High Seasonal Coronavirus Infection and Reinfection Rates in Early Childhood Open
The rapid spread of COVID-19 requires better knowledge on the rate of coronavirus infections and coronavirus specific antibody responses in different population groups. In this work we analyzed changes in seasonal human coronavirus specifi…
View article: From the forest to the plate – Hemicelluloses, galactoglucomannan, glucuronoxylan, and phenolic-rich extracts from unconventional sources as functional food ingredients
From the forest to the plate – Hemicelluloses, galactoglucomannan, glucuronoxylan, and phenolic-rich extracts from unconventional sources as functional food ingredients Open
This study aimed to characterise pressurised hot water (PHW) extracts from nonconventional sources of functional carbohydrates and phenolic compounds in terms of antioxidant capacity, antiviral activity, toxicity, and human erythrocytes' p…
View article: Salix spp. Bark Hot Water Extracts Show Antiviral, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities—The Bioactive Properties of 16 Clones
Salix spp. Bark Hot Water Extracts Show Antiviral, Antibacterial, and Antioxidant Activities—The Bioactive Properties of 16 Clones Open
Earlier studies have shown that the bark of Salix L. species (Salicaceae family) is rich in extractives, such as diverse bioactive phenolic compounds. However, we lack knowledge on the bioactive properties of the bark of willow species and…
View article: Distinctive Evasion Mechanisms to Allow Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi in Different Human Cell Lines
Distinctive Evasion Mechanisms to Allow Persistence of Borrelia burgdorferi in Different Human Cell Lines Open
Lyme borreliosis is a multisystemic disease caused by the pleomorphic bacteria of the Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato complex. The exact mechanisms for the infection to progress into a prolonged sequelae of the disease are currently unknow…