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View article: Kinetochore mutations and histone phosphorylation pattern changes accompany holo- and macro-monocentromere evolution
Kinetochore mutations and histone phosphorylation pattern changes accompany holo- and macro-monocentromere evolution Open
Centromeres are essential for kinetochore assembly and spindle attachment. While chromosomes of most species are monocentric with a single centromere, a minority exhibit holocentricity, with a centromere along the chromatid length. Sporadi…
View article: Hybridity of mainly asexually propagating duckweeds in genus <i>Lemna</i> – dead end or breakthrough?
Hybridity of mainly asexually propagating duckweeds in genus <i>Lemna</i> – dead end or breakthrough? Open
Summary The cosmopolitan, mainly vegetatively propagating, organ‐reduced monocotyledonous aquatic duckweeds are the smallest and fastest growing angiosperms, distributed world‐wide and flower rarely in nature. Recently, we reported intra‐ …
View article: The C-terminal SUMOylation-dependent regulation of αKNL2 governs its centromere targeting and interaction with CENH3
The C-terminal SUMOylation-dependent regulation of αKNL2 governs its centromere targeting and interaction with CENH3 Open
The centromere is a specialized domain that facilitates chromosome segregation during mitosis and serves as the site for kinetochore formation. KINETOCHORE NULL2 (αKNL2) is essential for the recognition and loading of the centromeric histo…
View article: Hybridity of mainly asexually propagating duckweeds in genus <i>Lemna</i> - dead end or breakthrough?
Hybridity of mainly asexually propagating duckweeds in genus <i>Lemna</i> - dead end or breakthrough? Open
Summary The cosmopolitan, mainly vegetatively propagating, organ-reduced monocotyledonous aquatic duckweeds are the smallest and fastest growing angiosperms, distributed world-wide and flower rarely in nature. Recently, we reported intra- …
View article: The synaptonemal complex central element SCEP3 interlinks synapsis initiation and crossover formation in Arabidopsis thaliana
The synaptonemal complex central element SCEP3 interlinks synapsis initiation and crossover formation in Arabidopsis thaliana Open
The synaptonemal complex (SC) forms between homologous chromosomes during meiosis. In Arabidopsis thaliana , its central region (CR) is composed of the transverse filament protein ZYP1 and the central element proteins SCEP1 and SCEP2. Here…
View article: Ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of KNL2 driven by APC/CCDC20 is critical for centromere integrity and mitotic fidelity
Ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis of KNL2 driven by APC/CCDC20 is critical for centromere integrity and mitotic fidelity Open
Kinetochores are large protein complexes that serve as attachment sites for spindle microtubules, ensuring proper chromosome segregation during cell division. KINETOCHORE NULL2 (αKNL2) is a key kinetochore protein required for the incorpor…
View article: Kinetochore mutations and histone phosphorylation pattern changes preceded holo- and macro-monocentromere evolution
Kinetochore mutations and histone phosphorylation pattern changes preceded holo- and macro-monocentromere evolution Open
Centromeres are essential for kinetochore assembly and spindle attachment. While chromosomes of most species are monocentric with a single centromere, a minority exhibit holocentricity, with a centromere along the chromatid length. Sporadi…
View article: Kinetochore mutations and histone phosphorylation pattern changes preceded holo- and macro-monocentromere evolution
Kinetochore mutations and histone phosphorylation pattern changes preceded holo- and macro-monocentromere evolution Open
Summary Centromeres are essential for kinetochore assembly and spindle attachment. While chromosomes of most species are monocentric with a single centromere, a minority exhibit holocentricity, with a centromere along the chromatid length.…
View article: Genome diversity and evolution of the duckweed section <i>Alatae</i> comprising diploids, polyploids, and interspecific hybrids
Genome diversity and evolution of the duckweed section <i>Alatae</i> comprising diploids, polyploids, and interspecific hybrids Open
SUMMARY The section Alatae of genus Lemna of the monocotyledonous aquatic duckweed family (Lemnaceae) consists of rather diverse accessions with unknown phylogeny and unclear taxonomic assignment. In contrast to other duckweeds, some Alata…
View article: Duckweed genomes and epigenomes underlie triploid hybridization and clonal reproduction
Duckweed genomes and epigenomes underlie triploid hybridization and clonal reproduction Open
The Lemnaceae (duckweeds) are the world's smallest but fastest-growing flowering plants. Prolific clonal propagation facilitates continuous micro-cropping for plant-based protein and starch production and holds tremendous promise for seque…
View article: Triploidy is prominent in the duckweed <i>Lemna minor</i> complex
Triploidy is prominent in the duckweed <i>Lemna minor</i> complex Open
Duckweeds (Lemnaceae Martinov) are aquatic monocotyledonous flowering plants comprising five genera and 35 recognized species, known for being the smallest and fastest-growing flowering plants on Earth. Many species are morphologically ind…
View article: Genome diversity and phylogeny of the section <i>Alatae</i> of genus <i>Lemna</i>(Lemnaceae), comprising the presumed species <i>Lemna aequinoctialis, Le. perpusilla</i> and <i>Le. aoukikusa</i>
Genome diversity and phylogeny of the section <i>Alatae</i> of genus <i>Lemna</i>(Lemnaceae), comprising the presumed species <i>Lemna aequinoctialis, Le. perpusilla</i> and <i>Le. aoukikusa</i> Open
Summary The Section Alatae of genus Lemna of the monocotyledonous aquatic duckweed family (Lemnaceae) consists of rather diverse accessions with unknown phylogeny and unclear taxonomic assignment. In contrast to other duckweeds, some Alata…
View article: Functional monocentricity with holocentric characteristics and chromosome-specific centromeres in a stick insect
Functional monocentricity with holocentric characteristics and chromosome-specific centromeres in a stick insect Open
Centromeres are essential for chromosome segregation in eukaryotes, yet their specification is unexpectedly diverse among species and can involve major transitions such as those from localized to chromosome-wide centromeres between monocen…
View article: THE BIOLOGICAL SECTION (23 AUGUST 2024) WITHIN THE XXIV GAMOW INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL CONFERENCE “ASTRONOMY AND BEYOND: ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY AND GRAVITATION, ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS, RADIO ASTRONOMY, ASTROBIOLOGY AND GENETICS”, HELD ON 19–23 AUGUST 2024 AT ODESA I. I. MECHNIKOV NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, ODESA CITY, UKRAINE
THE BIOLOGICAL SECTION (23 AUGUST 2024) WITHIN THE XXIV GAMOW INTERNATIONAL ASTRONOMICAL CONFERENCE “ASTRONOMY AND BEYOND: ASTROPHYSICS, COSMOLOGY AND GRAVITATION, ASTROPARTICLE PHYSICS, RADIO ASTRONOMY, ASTROBIOLOGY AND GENETICS”, HELD ON 19–23 AUGUST 2024 AT ODESA I. I. MECHNIKOV NATIONAL UNIVERSITY, ODESA CITY, UKRAINE Open
It was the sixth session of the Biological Section within the Gamow International Astronomical Conference that took place on 23 August 2024. The Biological Section was traditionally held under the title “Importance of G. Gamov’s Ideas for …
View article: The novel synaptonemal complex central element SCEP3 interlinks synapsis initiation and crossover formation in Arabidopsis thaliana
The novel synaptonemal complex central element SCEP3 interlinks synapsis initiation and crossover formation in Arabidopsis thaliana Open
The proteinaceous synaptonemal complex (SC) structure forms between meiotic homologous chromosomes. Its central region (CR) consists of transverse filament and central element proteins, in Arabidopsis ZYP1 and SCEP1/SCEP2, respectively. We…
View article: Meiotic double-strand break repair DNA synthesis tracts in Arabidopsis thaliana
Meiotic double-strand break repair DNA synthesis tracts in Arabidopsis thaliana Open
We report here the successful labelling of meiotic prophase I DNA synthesis in the flowering plant, Arabidopsis thaliana . Incorporation of the thymidine analogue, EdU, enables visualisation of the footprints of recombinational repair of p…
View article: Functional monocentricity with holocentric characteristics and chromosome-specific centromeres in a stick insect
Functional monocentricity with holocentric characteristics and chromosome-specific centromeres in a stick insect Open
Centromeres are specialized genomic regions that are critical for chromosome segregation in eukaryotes. However, how the diversity of centromeres evolved, ranging from localized centromeres in monocentric species to complex chromosome-wide…
View article: Distinct patterns of satDNA distribution in spike-sedges (Eleocharis, Cyperaceae): evidence of repeat-based holocentromeres
Distinct patterns of satDNA distribution in spike-sedges (Eleocharis, Cyperaceae): evidence of repeat-based holocentromeres Open
Eleocharis R. Br. (Cyperaceae) species are known for having holocentric chromosomes, which enable rapid karyotype differentiation. Indeed, high intra- and interspecific variations in chromosome numbers and genome sizes are documented for d…
View article: Repeat-based holocentromeres of the woodrush<i>Luzula sylvatica</i>reveal new insights into the evolutionary transition from mono- to holocentricity
Repeat-based holocentromeres of the woodrush<i>Luzula sylvatica</i>reveal new insights into the evolutionary transition from mono- to holocentricity Open
Although the centromere is restricted to a single region of the chromosome in most studied eukaryotes, members of the rush family (Juncaceae) harbor either monocentric ( Juncus) or holocentric ( Luzula ) chromosomes. This provides an oppor…
View article: Centromere diversity: How different repeat‐based holocentromeres may have evolved
Centromere diversity: How different repeat‐based holocentromeres may have evolved Open
In addition to monocentric eukaryotes, which have a single localized centromere on each chromosome, there are holocentric species, with extended repeat‐based or repeat‐less centromeres distributed over the entire chromosome length. At leas…
View article: Centromere sequence-independent but biased loading of subgenome-specific CENH3s in allopolyploid Arabidopsis suecica
Centromere sequence-independent but biased loading of subgenome-specific CENH3s in allopolyploid Arabidopsis suecica Open
Centromeric nucleosomes are determined by the replacement of the canonical histone H3 with the centromere-specific histone H3 (CENH3) variant. Little is known about the centromere organization in allopolyploid species where different subge…
View article: Meiotic DSB repair DNA synthesis tracts in<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i>
Meiotic DSB repair DNA synthesis tracts in<i>Arabidopsis thaliana</i> Open
We report here the successful labelling of meiotic prophase I DNA synthesis in the flowering plant, Arabidopsis thaliana . Incorporation of the thymidine analogue, EdU, enables visualisation of the footprints of recombinational repair of p…
View article: KNL1 and NDC80 represent new universal markers for the detection of functional centromeres in plants
KNL1 and NDC80 represent new universal markers for the detection of functional centromeres in plants Open
Centromere is the chromosomal site of kinetochore assembly and microtubule attachment for chromosome segregation. Given its importance, markers that allow specific labeling of centromeric chromatin throughout the cell cycle and across all …
View article: Helical chromonema coiling is conserved in eukaryotes
Helical chromonema coiling is conserved in eukaryotes Open
SUMMARY Efficient chromatin condensation is required to transport chromosomes during mitosis and meiosis, forming daughter cells. While it is well accepted that these processes follow fundamental rules, there has been a controversial debat…
View article: Global nuclear reorganization during heterochromatin replication in the giant-genome plant<i>Nigella damascena</i>L.
Global nuclear reorganization during heterochromatin replication in the giant-genome plant<i>Nigella damascena</i>L. Open
Among flowering plants, genome size varies remarkably, by >2200-fold, and this variation depends on the loss and gain of non-coding DNA sequences that form distinct heterochromatin complexes during interphase. In plants with giant genomes,…