Victor Ray
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View article: Advancing the Scientific Study of Structural Racism: Concepts, Measures, and Methods
Advancing the Scientific Study of Structural Racism: Concepts, Measures, and Methods Open
This review provides 10 actionable recommendations for advancing the scientific study of structural racism through theoretically grounded and empirically robust measures and methods. By offering conceptual and analytical clarity, these rec…
View article: Introduction to the Special Issue: Racism of Omission
Introduction to the Special Issue: Racism of Omission Open
Racism, in both the popular imagination and academic conceptualizations, is often characterized as an act of commission. Scholarship sees racism as the actions of individuals, organizations, and states whose choices and policies disadvanta…
View article: Police Violence in Health Care Settings in US Media Coverage
Police Violence in Health Care Settings in US Media Coverage Open
Importance Hospitals do not collect or share data tracking their policing and security activities despite their reliance on police and security personnel, including armed officers. Thus, little is known about how hospital security is assoc…
View article: Racialized Organizations and the Interest Divergence Dilemma<sup>1</sup>
Racialized Organizations and the Interest Divergence Dilemma<sup>1</sup> Open
This essay makes three points on the contemporary racial backlashes' impact on racialized organizations. First, Derrick Bell's notion of interest convergence—which argues that diversity policies did not spring from the goodness of white pe…
View article: Pessimism of the intellect, cruel optimism of the will
Pessimism of the intellect, cruel optimism of the will Open
This article contributes to the symposium on Meer’s The Cruel Optimism of Racial Justice. I highlight Meer’s contributions to ongoing debates over the fragility of racial progress and how white supremacist policy and ideology have become n…
View article: Racialized Burdens: Applying Racialized Organization Theory to the Administrative State
Racialized Burdens: Applying Racialized Organization Theory to the Administrative State Open
This article develops the concept of racialized burdens as a means of examining the role of race in administrative practice. Racialized burdens are the experience of learning, compliance and psychological costs that serve as inequality rep…
View article: Racialized Burdens: Applying Racialized Organization Theory to the Administrative State
Racialized Burdens: Applying Racialized Organization Theory to the Administrative State Open
Administrative burdens allow a form of hidden politics to shape people’s experience of the state. But what do those politics hide? In this paper we seek to partly answer this question by developing the concept of racialized burdens. Racial…
View article: Critical Race Theory and Empirical Sociology
Critical Race Theory and Empirical Sociology Open
We argue that empirical sociology would benefit from a greater engagement with critical race theory (CRT). In this introduction, we outline four steps to the empirical application of CRT in sociology: (1) understanding that social science …
View article: A Theory of Racialized Organizations
A Theory of Racialized Organizations Open
Organizational theory scholars typically see organizations as race-neutral bureaucratic structures, while race and ethnicity scholars have largely neglected the role of organizations in the social construction of race. The theory developed…
View article: Racialized Organizations Theory: A Case Study of Airbnb
Racialized Organizations Theory: A Case Study of Airbnb Open
Airbnb is a “racialized organization.” While organizational theorists typically see race as an additional process in otherwise neutral organizations, and scholars of racialization tend to focus on the state or individuals, organizations ar…
View article: Racialized Organizations Theory: A Case Study of Airbnb
Racialized Organizations Theory: A Case Study of Airbnb Open
Airbnb is a “racialized organization.” While organizational theorists typically see race as an additional process in otherwise neutral organizations, and scholars of racialization tend to focus on the state or individuals, organizations ar…
View article: The Shade of a Criminal Record
The Shade of a Criminal Record Open
Recent high-profile research suggests that social indicators like incarceration influence racial categorization. Yet, this research has largely ignored colorism—intraracial differences in skin tone that matter for stratification outcomes. …