Michael Rutter
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View article: Exploring challenges in implementing antimicrobial stewardship interventions across eight African nations: A multi case study
Exploring challenges in implementing antimicrobial stewardship interventions across eight African nations: A multi case study Open
Introduction: The Commonwealth Partnerships for Antimicrobial Stewardship (CwPAMS) programme, funded by the UK Department of Health and Social Care's Fleming Fund and managed by the Commonwealth Pharmacists Association (CPA) and Tropical H…
View article: The effects of sleep disturbance on dyspnoea and impaired lung function following COVID-19 hospitalisation: a prospective multi-centre cohort study
The effects of sleep disturbance on dyspnoea and impaired lung function following COVID-19 hospitalisation: a prospective multi-centre cohort study Open
Background Sleep disturbance is common following hospitalisation both for COVID-19 and other causes. The clinical associations are poorly understood, despite it altering pathophysiology in other scenarios. We, therefore, investigated wheth…
View article: Genetic Advances in Autism
Genetic Advances in Autism Open
In the last 40 years, there has been a huge increase in autism genetics research and a rapidly growing number of discoveries. We now know autism is one of the most highly heritable disorders with negligible shared environmental contributio…
View article: A digest of the published work of Michael Rutter 1958-2020
A digest of the published work of Michael Rutter 1958-2020 Open
A digest of the published work of Michael Rutter 1958-2020 by Jim Stevenson, Emeritus Professor of Developmental Psychopathology, University of Southampton.
View article: Why does early childhood deprivation increase the risk for depression and anxiety in adulthood? A developmental cascade model
Why does early childhood deprivation increase the risk for depression and anxiety in adulthood? A developmental cascade model Open
Background Using data from the English & Romanian Adoptees (ERA) study, we recently reported that early time‐limited exposure to severe institutional deprivation is associated with early ‐onset and persistent neurodevelopmental problems an…
View article: Early childhood deprivation is associated with alterations in adult brain structure despite subsequent environmental enrichment
Early childhood deprivation is associated with alterations in adult brain structure despite subsequent environmental enrichment Open
Significance Millions of children worldwide live in nonfamilial institutions. We studied impact on adult brain structure of a particularly severe but time-limited form of institutional deprivation in early life experienced by children who …
View article: Do natural experiments have an important future in the study of mental disorders?
Do natural experiments have an important future in the study of mental disorders? Open
There is an enormous interest in identifying the causes of psychiatric disorders but there are considerable challenges in identifying which risks are genuinely causal. Traditionally risk factors have been inferred from observational design…
View article: HPA axis dysregulation in adult adoptees twenty years after severe institutional deprivation in childhood
HPA axis dysregulation in adult adoptees twenty years after severe institutional deprivation in childhood Open
Hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis function is disrupted in institutionally-deprived children - reduced morning cortisol, flattened diurnal slope and blunted reactivity persist even after successful adoption into positive family env…
View article: Adult disinhibited social engagement in adoptees exposed to extreme institutional deprivation: examination of its clinical status and functional impact
Adult disinhibited social engagement in adoptees exposed to extreme institutional deprivation: examination of its clinical status and functional impact Open
Background Early-life institutional deprivation produces disinhibited social engagement (DSE). Portrayed as a childhood condition, little is known about the persistence of DSE-type behaviours into, presentation during, and their impact on,…
View article: Child-to-adult neurodevelopmental and mental health trajectories after early life deprivation: the young adult follow-up of the longitudinal English and Romanian Adoptees study
Child-to-adult neurodevelopmental and mental health trajectories after early life deprivation: the young adult follow-up of the longitudinal English and Romanian Adoptees study Open
Economic and Social Research Council, Medical Research Council, Department of Health, Jacobs Foundation, Nuffield Foundation.
View article: Smoking in Pregnancy and Child ADHD
Smoking in Pregnancy and Child ADHD Open
These results suggest that the association between maternal smoking during pregnancy and offspring ADHD is not due to causal intrauterine effects, but reflects unmeasured confounding.
View article: Neurodevelopmental disorders
Neurodevelopmental disorders Open
Neurodevelopmental disorders such as attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) and autism spectrum disorder, although most commonly considered in childhood, can be lifelong conditions. In this Personal View that is shaped by clinical…
View article: Why is the topic of the biological embedding of experiences important for translation?
Why is the topic of the biological embedding of experiences important for translation? Open
Translational research focuses on innovation in healthcare settings, but this is a two-way process that may have implications for either treatment or prevention. Smoking and lung cancer and the fetal alcohol syndrome are used as examples. …
View article: Severe psychosocial deprivation in early childhood is associated with increased DNA methylation across a region spanning the transcription start site of CYP2E1
Severe psychosocial deprivation in early childhood is associated with increased DNA methylation across a region spanning the transcription start site of CYP2E1 Open
Exposure to adverse rearing environments including institutional deprivation and severe childhood abuse is associated with an increased risk for mental and physical health problems across the lifespan. Although the mechanisms mediating the…
View article: Early severe institutional deprivation is associated with a persistent variant of adult attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: clinical presentation, developmental continuities and life circumstances in the English and Romanian Adoptees study
Early severe institutional deprivation is associated with a persistent variant of adult attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder: clinical presentation, developmental continuities and life circumstances in the English and Romanian Adoptees study Open
Background Early‐life institutional deprivation is associated with attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) later in childhood and adolescence. In this article, we examine, for the first time, the persistence of deprivation‐related …