Emil Carlsson
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View article: Variational Quantum Optimization with Continuous Bandits
Variational Quantum Optimization with Continuous Bandits Open
We introduce a novel approach to variational Quantum algorithms (VQA) via continuous bandits. VQA are a class of hybrid Quantum-classical algorithms where the parameters of Quantum circuits are optimized by classical algorithms. Previous w…
View article: Learning Efficient Recursive Numeral Systems via Reinforcement Learning
Learning Efficient Recursive Numeral Systems via Reinforcement Learning Open
It has previously been shown that by using reinforcement learning (RL), agents can derive simple approximate and exact-restricted numeral systems that are similar to human ones (Carlsson, 2021). However, it is a major challenge to show how…
View article: Identifiable Latent Bandits: Leveraging observational data for personalized decision-making
Identifiable Latent Bandits: Leveraging observational data for personalized decision-making Open
Sequential decision-making algorithms such as multi-armed bandits can find optimal personalized decisions, but are notoriously sample-hungry. In personalized medicine, for example, training a bandit from scratch for every patient is typica…
View article: Active Preference Learning for Ordering Items In- and Out-of-sample
Active Preference Learning for Ordering Items In- and Out-of-sample Open
Learning an ordering of items based on pairwise comparisons is useful when items are difficult to rate consistently on an absolute scale, for example, when annotators have to make subjective assessments. When exhaustive comparison is infea…
View article: Development and implementation of ‘A guide to PPIE – Early Integration into Research Proposals’ in a multi-disciplinary consortium
Development and implementation of ‘A guide to PPIE – Early Integration into Research Proposals’ in a multi-disciplinary consortium Open
The importance of Patient and Public Involvement and Engagement (PPIE) in the early phases of research design is significant and increasingly recognised throughout the research community. Here we describe the approach taken within the CLUS…
View article: <scp>cAMP</scp> responsive element modulator α promotes effector T cells in systemic autoimmune diseases
<span>cAMP</span> responsive element modulator α promotes effector T cells in systemic autoimmune diseases Open
T lymphocytes play a crucial role in adaptive immunity. Dysregulation of T cell‐derived inflammatory cytokine expression and loss of self‐tolerance promote inflammation and tissue damage in several autoimmune/inflammatory diseases, includi…
View article: Pure Exploration in Bandits with Linear Constraints
Pure Exploration in Bandits with Linear Constraints Open
We address the problem of identifying the optimal policy with a fixed confidence level in a multi-armed bandit setup, when \emph{the arms are subject to linear constraints}. Unlike the standard best-arm identification problem which is well…
View article: Pragmatic Reasoning in Structured Signaling Games
Pragmatic Reasoning in Structured Signaling Games Open
In this work we introduce a structured signaling game, an extension of the classical signaling game with a similarity structure between meanings in the context, along with a variant of the Rational Speech Act (RSA) framework which we call …
View article: Cultural evolution via iterated learning and communication explains efficient color naming systems
Cultural evolution via iterated learning and communication explains efficient color naming systems Open
It has been argued that semantic systems reflect pressure for efficiency, and a current debate concerns the cultural evolutionary process that produces this pattern. We consider efficiency as instantiated in the Information Bottleneck (IB)…
View article: Analysis of Wild Type and Variant B Cystatin C Interactome in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells Reveals Variant B Interacting Mitochondrial Proteins
Analysis of Wild Type and Variant B Cystatin C Interactome in Retinal Pigment Epithelium Cells Reveals Variant B Interacting Mitochondrial Proteins Open
Cystatin C, a secreted cysteine protease inhibitor, is abundantly expressed in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) cells. A mutation in the protein’s leader sequence, corresponding to formation of an alternate variant B protein, has been link…
View article: Towards Learning Abstractions via Reinforcement Learning
Towards Learning Abstractions via Reinforcement Learning Open
In this paper we take the first steps in studying a new approach to synthesis of efficient communication schemes in multi-agent systems, trained via reinforcement learning. We combine symbolic methods with machine learning, in what is refe…
View article: 883 Altered DNA methylation patterns in monocytes from Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis (CNO) patients remain after induction of remission
883 Altered DNA methylation patterns in monocytes from Chronic Nonbacterial Osteomyelitis (CNO) patients remain after induction of remission Open
Aims Chronic non-bacterial osteomyelitis (CNO), and its severe form chronic recurrent multifocal osteomyelitis (CRMO), is an autoinflammatory bone disease mostly affecting children and adolescents. The underlying molecular mechanisms are i…
View article: DNA Methylation Patterns in CD8+ T Cells Discern Psoriasis From Psoriatic Arthritis and Correlate With Cutaneous Disease Activity
DNA Methylation Patterns in CD8+ T Cells Discern Psoriasis From Psoriatic Arthritis and Correlate With Cutaneous Disease Activity Open
Background: Psoriasis is a T cell-mediated chronic autoimmune/inflammatory disease. While some patients experience disease limited to the skin (skin psoriasis), others develop joint involvement (psoriatic arthritis; PsA). In the absence of…
View article: Thompson Sampling for Bandits with Clustered Arms
Thompson Sampling for Bandits with Clustered Arms Open
We propose algorithms based on a multi-level Thompson sampling scheme, for the stochastic multi-armed bandit and its contextual variant with linear expected rewards, in the setting where arms are clustered. We show, both theoretically and …
View article: Thompson Sampling for Bandits with Clustered Arms
Thompson Sampling for Bandits with Clustered Arms Open
We propose algorithms based on a multi-level Thompson sampling scheme, for the stochastic multi-armed bandit and its contextual variant with linear expected rewards, in the setting where arms are clustered. We show, both theoretically and …
View article: Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Associated Uveitis
Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis Associated Uveitis Open
Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common childhood rheumatic disease. The development of associated uveitis represents a significant risk for serious complications, including permanent loss of vision. Initiation of early trea…
View article: Cyclic AMP Response Element Modulator-α Suppresses PD-1 Expression and Promotes Effector CD4+ T Cells in Psoriasis
Cyclic AMP Response Element Modulator-α Suppresses PD-1 Expression and Promotes Effector CD4+ T Cells in Psoriasis Open
Effector CD4+ T lymphocytes contribute to inflammation and tissue damage in psoriasis, but the underlying molecular mechanisms remain poorly understood. The transcription factor CREMα controls effector T cell function in people with system…
View article: Learning Approximate and Exact Numeral Systems via Reinforcement Learning
Learning Approximate and Exact Numeral Systems via Reinforcement Learning Open
Recent work (Xu et al., 2020) has suggested that numeral systems in different languages are shaped by a functional need for efficient communication in an information-theoretic sense. Here we take a learning-theoretic approach and show how …
View article: Learning Approximate and Exact Numeral Systems via Reinforcement Learning.
Learning Approximate and Exact Numeral Systems via Reinforcement Learning. Open
Recent work (Xu et al., 2020) has suggested that numeral systems in different languages are shaped by a functional need for efficient communication in an information-theoretic sense. Here we take a learning-theoretic approach and show how …
View article: A panel of urinary proteins predicts active lupus nephritis and response to rituximab treatment
A panel of urinary proteins predicts active lupus nephritis and response to rituximab treatment Open
Objectives ∼30% of patients with SLE develop LN. Presence and/or severity of LN are currently assessed by renal biopsy, but biomarkers in serum or urine samples may provide an avenue for non-invasive routine testing. We aimed to validate a…
View article: The quest of vision: retina’s daily challenges
The quest of vision: retina’s daily challenges Open
The retina is a complex biological structure located at the back of the eye. Every day, it continually performs an intricate set of tasks to provide us with the sense of vision. The neuroretina encompasses neuronal type of cells including …
View article: A reinforcement-learning approach to efficient communication
A reinforcement-learning approach to efficient communication Open
We present a multi-agent computational approach to partitioning semantic spaces using reinforcement-learning (RL). Two agents communicate using a finite linguistic vocabulary in order to convey a concept. This is tested in the color domain…
View article: Urine and serum S100A8/A9 and S100A12 associate with active lupus nephritis and may predict response to rituximab treatment
Urine and serum S100A8/A9 and S100A12 associate with active lupus nephritis and may predict response to rituximab treatment Open
Background Approximately 30% of patients with the systemic autoimmune/inflammatory disorder systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) develop lupus nephritis (LN) that affects treatment and prognosis. Easily accessible biomarkers do not exist to …
View article: Increased Rate of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Migration and Pro-Angiogenic Potential Ensuing From Reduced Cystatin C Expression
Increased Rate of Retinal Pigment Epithelial Cell Migration and Pro-Angiogenic Potential Ensuing From Reduced Cystatin C Expression Open
Reduced levels of cystatin C lead to changes in the RPE ability to degrade, adhere, and migrate supporting increased invasiveness and angiogenesis relevant for AMD pathology.