Vivek Gandhi
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View article: Drivers of COVID-19 variant wave dynamics: inferring oncoming wave size using global data with genomics
Drivers of COVID-19 variant wave dynamics: inferring oncoming wave size using global data with genomics Open
The continued evolution of the SARS-CoV-2 virus drove waves of infection worldwide throughout the pandemic. These evolutionary dynamics posed significant challenges for public health forecasting and, specifically, for predicting the size o…
View article: Androgen signaling restricts glutaminolysis to drive sex-specific Th17 metabolism in allergic airway inflammation
Androgen signaling restricts glutaminolysis to drive sex-specific Th17 metabolism in allergic airway inflammation Open
Female individuals have an increased prevalence of many Th17 cell-mediated diseases, including asthma. Androgen signaling decreases Th17 cell-mediated airway inflammation, and Th17 cells rely on glutaminolysis. However, it remains unclear …
View article: Characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised adults with COVID-19 in a Global Health Research Network: A cohort study
Characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised adults with COVID-19 in a Global Health Research Network: A cohort study Open
Objective To examine age, gender, and temporal differences in baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of adult patients hospitalised with COVID-19. Design A cohort study using deidentified electronic medical records from a Global Re…
View article: German cockroach extract prevents <scp>IL</scp> ‐13‐induced <scp>CCL26</scp> expression in airway epithelial cells through <scp>IL</scp> ‐13 degradation
German cockroach extract prevents <span>IL</span> ‐13‐induced <span>CCL26</span> expression in airway epithelial cells through <span>IL</span> ‐13 degradation Open
Inhaled aeroallergens can directly activate airway epithelial cells (AECs). Exposure to cockroach allergens is a strong risk factor for asthma. Cockroach allergens mediate some of their effects through their serine protease activity; prote…
View article: Androgen Signaling Restricts Glutaminolysis to Drive Sex-Specific Th17 Metabolism
Androgen Signaling Restricts Glutaminolysis to Drive Sex-Specific Th17 Metabolism Open
Summary Females have increased prevalence of many Th17-mediated diseases. While androgen signaling decreases Th17-mediated inflammation, the mechanisms are not fully understood. Th17 cells rely on glutaminolysis; however, it remains unclea…
View article: Protease-activated receptor-2: Role in asthma pathogenesis and utility as a biomarker of disease severity
Protease-activated receptor-2: Role in asthma pathogenesis and utility as a biomarker of disease severity Open
PAR 2 , a receptor activated by serine proteases, has primarily pro-inflammatory roles in the airways and may play a role in asthma pathogenesis. PAR 2 exerts its effects in the lungs through activation of a variety of airway cells, but al…
View article: Characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised adults with COVID-19 in a Global Health Research Network: a cohort study
Characteristics and outcomes of hospitalised adults with COVID-19 in a Global Health Research Network: a cohort study Open
Objective To examine age, gender, and temporal differences in baseline characteristics and clinical outcomes of adult patients hospitalised with COVID-19. Design A cohort study using deidentified electronic medical records from a Global Re…
View article: Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency-Associated Clinical Manifestations and Healthcare Resource Use in the United States
Alpha-1 Antitrypsin Deficiency-Associated Clinical Manifestations and Healthcare Resource Use in the United States Open
Pulmonary events (PEs) associated with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) can have a severe clinical course and increase healthcare resource use (HRU). However, AATD-associated HRU and healthcare costs have not been extensively describe…
View article: Prostaglandin I2 signaling licenses Treg suppressive function and prevents pathogenic reprogramming
Prostaglandin I2 signaling licenses Treg suppressive function and prevents pathogenic reprogramming Open
Tregs restrain both the innate and adaptive immune systems to maintain homeostasis. Allergic airway inflammation, characterized by a Th2 response that results from a breakdown of tolerance to innocuous environmental antigens, is negatively…
View article: Estrogen receptor‐α signaling increases allergen‐induced IL‐33 release and airway inflammation
Estrogen receptor‐α signaling increases allergen‐induced IL‐33 release and airway inflammation Open
Background Group 2 innate lymphoid cells (ILC2) are stimulated by IL‐33 to increase IL‐5 and IL‐13 production and airway inflammation. While sex hormones regulate airway inflammation, it remained unclear whether estrogen signaling through …
View article: ERα Signaling Increased IL-17A Production in Th17 Cells by Upregulating IL-23R Expression, Mitochondrial Respiration, and Proliferation
ERα Signaling Increased IL-17A Production in Th17 Cells by Upregulating IL-23R Expression, Mitochondrial Respiration, and Proliferation Open
Women have increased prevalence of Th17-mediated autoimmune diseases, including lupus and multiple sclerosis, and severe asthma. While estradiol and progesterone increased IL-17A production in Th17 cells by inhibiting Let7f miRNA expressio…
View article: Regulation of Proteinase-Activated Receptor-2 (PAR-2) in Airway Epithelium
Regulation of Proteinase-Activated Receptor-2 (PAR-2) in Airway Epithelium Open
Proteinase-activated receptor-2 (PAR-2), a pro-inflammatory G-coupled receptor, is activated by exogenous or endogenous serine proteinases. PAR-2 is involved in the pathogenesis of inflammatory diseases including asthma. PAR-2 activation o…
View article: Increased Protease-Activated Receptor-2 (PAR-2) Expression on CD14++CD16+ Peripheral Blood Monocytes of Patients with Severe Asthma
Increased Protease-Activated Receptor-2 (PAR-2) Expression on CD14++CD16+ Peripheral Blood Monocytes of Patients with Severe Asthma Open
PAR-2 expression is increased on CD14++CD16+ monocytes in the peripheral blood of subjects with severe asthma and may be a biomarker of asthma severity. Our data suggest that PAR-2 -mediated activation of CD14++CD16+ monocytes may play a r…
View article: Airway Epithelium Interactions with Aeroallergens: Role of Secreted Cytokines and Chemokines in Innate Immunity
Airway Epithelium Interactions with Aeroallergens: Role of Secreted Cytokines and Chemokines in Innate Immunity Open
Airway epithelial cells are the first line of defense against the constituents of the inhaled air, which include allergens, pathogens, pollutants, and toxic compounds. The epithelium not only prevents the penetration of these foreign subst…