Explanipedia

Magmatic Volatile Flux Drives Non‐Eruptive Volcano‐Tectonic Seismicity at Mount St. Helens, USA From 2008–2024 Open

Brenton W. Hirao, Amanda M. Thomas, D. R. Shelly, W. A. Thelen, Cyril Journeau · 2025

Seismicity during non‐eruptive periods is useful for observing stress changes related to magmatic transport and volatile exsolution within active volcanoes. Mount St. Helens in Washington, USA, is the most active volcano in the continental…

Debris-flow monitoring on volcanoes via a novel usage of a laser rangefinder Open

Alexandra M. Iezzi, E. Bryant, W. A. Thelen, Craig Gabrielson, S. C. Moran , et al. · 2024

Mount Rainier has had at least 11 large lahars over the last 6,000 years, including one occurring without evidence of eruptive activity. This prompted the creation of a lahar detection system that uses a combination of seismic, infrasound,…

Summit and rift vent progression captured by infrasound during the 2022 Mauna Loa eruption Open

Arthur D. Jolly, Alexandra M. Iezzi, M. R. Patrick, A. Wech, W. A. Thelen , et al. · 2024

The 2022 Mauna Loa eruption began on November 27 23:21 HST (November 28 9:21 UTC) at the summit, based on the onset of seismic tremor and visual observations of nighttime incandescence from lava viewed by webcameras. Continued visual…

Characterizing and Locating Seismic Tremor during the 2022 Eruption of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawai’i, with Network Covariance Open

Sean Maher, Phillip Dawson, Alicia J. Hotovec‐Ellis, W. A. Thelen, Arthur D. Jolly , et al. · 2023

The 2022 eruption of Mauna Loa Volcano, Hawai’i, was accompanied by continuous seismic tremor that began about 30 min before and ended several days after the eruption. We characterize the amplitude history and frequency content of the trem…

Dynamics of the December 2020 Ash‐Poor Plume Formed by Lava‐Water Interaction at the Summit of Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi Open

Ryan Cahalan, Larry G. Mastin, Alexa R. Van Eaton, Shaul Hurwitz, A. B. Smith , et al. · 2023

On 20 December 2020, after more than 2 years of quiescence at Kīlauea Volcano, Hawaiʻi, renewed volcanic activity in the summit crater caused boiling of the water lake over a period of ∼90 min. The resulting water‐rich, electrified plume r…

Earthquake‐Derived Seismic Velocity Changes During the 2018 Caldera Collapse of Kīlauea Volcano Open

Alicia J. Hotovec‐Ellis, B. Shiro, D. R. Shelly, K. R. Anderson, M. M. Haney , et al. · 2022

The 2018 Kīlauea caldera collapse produced extraordinary sequences of seismicity and deformation, with 62 episodic collapse events which significantly altered the landscape of the summit region. Despite decades of focused scientific studie…

The cascading origin of the 2018 Kīlauea eruption and implications for future forecasting Open

M. R. Patrick, B. F. Houghton, K. R. Anderson, M. P. Poland, E. K. Montgomery‐Brown , et al. · 2020

The 2018 summit and flank eruption of Kīlauea Volcano was one of the largest volcanic events in Hawaiʻi in 200 years. Data suggest that a backup in the magma plumbing system at the long-lived Puʻu ʻŌʻō eruption site caused widespread press…

Seismic and geodetic progression of the 2018 summit caldera collapse of Kīlauea volcano Open

Gabrielle Tepp, Alicia J. Hotovec‐Ellis, B. Shiro, I. A. Johanson, W. A. Thelen , et al. · 2020

Anatomy of a Caldera Collapse: Kīlauea 2018 Summit Seismicity Sequence in High Resolution Open

D. R. Shelly, W. A. Thelen · 2019

The 2018 Kīlauea eruption and caldera collapse generated intense cycles of seismicity tied to repeated large seismic ( M w ~ 5) collapse events associated with magma withdrawal from beneath the summit. To gain insight into the underlying d…

Volcanic Unrest at Mauna Loa, Earth’s Largest Active Volcano Open

W. A. Thelen, A. Miklius, Christina A. Neal · 2017

Mauna Loa is stirring—is a major eruption imminent? Comparisons with previous eruptions paint a complicated picture.

Relative seismic velocity variations correlate with deformation at Kīlauea volcano Open

Clare Donaldson, Corentin Caudron, Robert G. Green, W. A. Thelen, R. S. White · 2017

Seismic velocity changes correlate with deformation at Kīlauea volcano, advancing noise interferometry as a monitoring tool.

Volcano dome dynamics at Mount St. Helens: Deformation and intermittent subsidence monitored by seismicity and camera imagery pixel offsets Open

Jacqueline Salzer, W. A. Thelen, M. R. James, Thomas R. Walter, S. C. Moran , et al. · 2016

The surface deformation field measured at volcanic domes provides insights into the effects of magmatic processes, gravity‐ and gas‐driven processes, and the development and distribution of internal dome structures. Here we study short‐ter…

Feasibility study of earthquake early warning (EEW) in Hawaii Open

W. A. Thelen, Alicia J. Hotovec‐Ellis, Paul Bodin · 2016

First posted September 30, 2016 For additional information, contact: Contact HVOVolcano Science Center, Hawaiian Volcano ObservatoryU.S. Geological SurveyP.O. Box 51, 1 Crater Rim RoadHawaiʻi Volcanoes National Park, HI 96718-0051 http://h…

The 2014 annual report for the Hawaiian Volcano Observatory Open

James P. Kauahikaua, Tim R. Orr, M. R. Patrick, W. A. Thelen, Matthew K. Burgess , et al. · 2016

First posted June 22, 2016 For additional information, contact: Contact HVO Volcano Science Center, Hawaiian Volcano Observatory U.S. Geological Survey P.O. Box 51, 1 Crater Rim Road Hawaii National Park, HI 96718-0051 http://hvo.wr.usgs.g…

Volcano dome dynamics at Mount St. Helens: Deformation and intermittent subsidence monitored by seismicity and camera imagery pixel offsets Open

Jacqueline Salzer, W. A. Thelen, M. R. James, Thomas R. Walter, S. C. Moran , et al. · 2015

The surface deformation field measured at volcanic domes provides insights into the effects of magmatic processes, gravity-and gas-driven processes, and the development and distribution of internal dome structures. Here we study short-term…

Linking magma transport structures at Kīlauea volcano Open

A. Wech, W. A. Thelen · 2015

Identifying magma pathways is important for understanding and interpreting volcanic signals. At Kīlauea volcano, seismicity illuminates subsurface plumbing, but the broad spectrum of seismic phenomena hampers event identification. Discrete…

An analysis of three new infrasound arrays around Kīlauea Volcano Open

W. A. Thelen, Jennifer Cooper · 2015

A network of three new infrasound station arrays was installed around Kīlauea Volcano between July 2012 and September 2012, and a preliminary analysis of open-vent monitoring has been completed by Hawaiian Volcano Observatory (HVO). Infras…

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