W. Ryan Easterday
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View article: Individual heterogeneity in ixodid tick infestation and prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in a northern community of small mammalian hosts
Individual heterogeneity in ixodid tick infestation and prevalence of Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato in a northern community of small mammalian hosts Open
Heterogeneous aggregation of parasites between individual hosts is common and regarded as an important factor in understanding transmission dynamics of vector-borne diseases. Lyme disease is vectored by generalist tick species, yet we have…
View article: Polygenic plague resistance in the great gerbil uncovered by population sequencing
Polygenic plague resistance in the great gerbil uncovered by population sequencing Open
Pathogens can elicit high selective pressure on hosts, potentially altering genetic diversity over short evolutionary timescales. Intraspecific variation in immune response is observable as variable survivability from specific infections. …
View article: Polygenic plague resistance in the great gerbil uncovered by population sequencing
Polygenic plague resistance in the great gerbil uncovered by population sequencing Open
Pathogens may elicit a high selective pressure on hosts and can alter genetic diversity over short evolutionary timescales. Intraspecific variation in immune response can be observed as variable survivability from specific infections. The …
View article: The first step in the success or failure of emerging pathogens
The first step in the success or failure of emerging pathogens Open
“In order to understand the dynamics of infectious disease outbreaks in humans, we really need to understand the dynamics of the pathogen in nature.”* Over the last decade, I have heard one particular gray-haired ecologist repeat this ever…
View article: Coalescence modeling of intrainfection <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> populations allows estimation of infection parameters in wild populations
Coalescence modeling of intrainfection <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> populations allows estimation of infection parameters in wild populations Open
Bacillus anthracis , the etiological agent of anthrax, is a well-established model organism. For B. anthracis and most other infectious diseases, knowledge regarding transmission and infection parameters in natural systems, in large part, …
View article: The Genome of the Great Gerbil Reveals Species-Specific Duplication of an MHCII Gene
The Genome of the Great Gerbil Reveals Species-Specific Duplication of an MHCII Gene Open
The great gerbil (Rhombomys opimus) is a social rodent living in permanent, complex burrow systems distributed throughout Central Asia, where it serves as the main host of several important vector-borne infectious pathogens including the w…
View article: A classification framework for <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> defined by global genomic structure
A classification framework for <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> defined by global genomic structure Open
Bacillus anthracis , the causative agent of anthrax, is a considerable global health threat affecting wildlife, livestock, and the general public. In this study, whole‐genome sequence analysis of over 350 B. anthracis isolates was used to …
View article: Source Code for hotspot and ecological analysis in "Evolutionary selection of biofilm-mediated extended phenotypes in Yersinia pestis in response to a changing environment"
Source Code for hotspot and ecological analysis in "Evolutionary selection of biofilm-mediated extended phenotypes in Yersinia pestis in response to a changing environment" Open
Long-term genetic sampling of a plague reservoir reveals a potential selection pressure on Y. pestis to adapt its level of biofilm formation in response to cold and dry climatic conditions. This repository contains the code used to detect …
View article: A classification framework for<i>Bacillus anthracis</i>defined by global genomic structure
A classification framework for<i>Bacillus anthracis</i>defined by global genomic structure Open
Bacillus anthracis , the causative agent of anthrax, is a considerable global health threat affecting wildlife, livestock, and the general public. In this study whole-genome sequence analysis of over 350 B. anthracis isolates was used to e…
View article: The genome of the plague-resistant great gerbil reveals species-specific duplication of an MHCII gene
The genome of the plague-resistant great gerbil reveals species-specific duplication of an MHCII gene Open
The great gerbil ( Rhombomys opimus ) is a social rodent living in permanent, complex burrow systems distributed throughout Central Asia, where it serves as the main host of several important vector-borne infectious diseases and is defined…
View article: Rapid, specific detection and quantification of<i>Yersinia pestis</i>using a species-specific SNP in the ferric uptake regulator gene (<i>fur</i>MAMA)
Rapid, specific detection and quantification of<i>Yersinia pestis</i>using a species-specific SNP in the ferric uptake regulator gene (<i>fur</i>MAMA) Open
Yersinia pestis , the causative agent of plague, is responsible for about 700 human cases of bubonic and pneumonic plague each year. Yet the disease is far more prevalent within rodent reservoirs than in humans. One of the main means of ou…
View article: Tick abundance, pathogen prevalence, and disease incidence in two contrasting regions at the northern distribution range of Europe
Tick abundance, pathogen prevalence, and disease incidence in two contrasting regions at the northern distribution range of Europe Open
Many factors contribute to different disease incidence across ecosystems. We found that regional variation in tick-borne disease incidence may be partly linked to vector abundance and pathogen prevalence, but differently for human and live…
View article: Spores and soil from six sides: interdisciplinarity and the environmental biology of anthrax (<i>Bacillus anthracis</i>)
Spores and soil from six sides: interdisciplinarity and the environmental biology of anthrax (<i>Bacillus anthracis</i>) Open
Environmentally Transmitted Diseases Are Comparatively Poorly Understood And Managed, And Their Ecology Is Particularly Understudied. Here We Identify Challenges Of Studying Environmental Transmission And Persistence With A Six-Sided Inter…
View article: Additional file 5: Table S2. of Temporal dynamics in microbial soil communities at anthrax carcass sites
Additional file 5: Table S2. of Temporal dynamics in microbial soil communities at anthrax carcass sites Open
Counts of mapped metagenomic reads of each sample against reference genomes. (XLSX 97Â kb)
View article: Additional file 12: Table S6. of Temporal dynamics in microbial soil communities at anthrax carcass sites
Additional file 12: Table S6. of Temporal dynamics in microbial soil communities at anthrax carcass sites Open
KEGG KO-term abundances for significantly correlating KEGG pathways. Abundances are normalized using DESEQ2 and sorted on carcass 1, time point TÂ =Â 0. (XLSX 368Â kb)
View article: Additional file 9: Table S4. of Temporal dynamics in microbial soil communities at anthrax carcass sites
Additional file 9: Table S4. of Temporal dynamics in microbial soil communities at anthrax carcass sites Open
Metaxa2 taxonomic classifications on pair1 16S /18S rRNA sequences. (XLSX 325Â kb)
View article: Additional file 7: Table S3. of Temporal dynamics in microbial soil communities at anthrax carcass sites
Additional file 7: Table S3. of Temporal dynamics in microbial soil communities at anthrax carcass sites Open
Comparison of taxonomic classification with four different methods: MetaBIT, Metaxa2, MEGAN, and Kraken. (XLSX 66Â kb)
View article: Additional file 11: Table S5. of Temporal dynamics in microbial soil communities at anthrax carcass sites
Additional file 11: Table S5. of Temporal dynamics in microbial soil communities at anthrax carcass sites Open
Overview of the Spearman correlation coefficients of all identified KEGG pathways and their FDR corrected p-values. (XLSX 18Â kb)
View article: Draft Genome Sequences of Two <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> Strains from Etosha National Park, Namibia
Draft Genome Sequences of Two <i>Bacillus anthracis</i> Strains from Etosha National Park, Namibia Open
Bacillus anthracis strains K1 and K2 were isolated from two plains zebra anthrax carcasses in Etosha National Park, Namibia. These are draft genomes obtained by Illumina MiSeq sequencing of isolates collected from culture of blood-soaked s…
View article: Lethal exposure: An integrated approach to pathogen transmission via environmental reservoirs
Lethal exposure: An integrated approach to pathogen transmission via environmental reservoirs Open
To mitigate the effects of zoonotic diseases on human and animal populations, it is critical to understand what factors alter transmission dynamics. Here we assess the risk of exposure to lethal concentrations of the anthrax bacterium, Bac…
View article: Climate-driven introduction of the Black Death and successive plague reintroductions into Europe
Climate-driven introduction of the Black Death and successive plague reintroductions into Europe Open
Significance The second plague pandemic in medieval Europe started with the Black Death epidemic of 1347–1353 and killed millions of people over a time span of four centuries. It is commonly thought that after its initial introduction from…
View article: Source Code And Datasets Used To Link New Waves Of Plague Outbreaks In Medieval Europe To Climate Fluctuations Affecting The Reservoirs Of The Disease In Asia.
Source Code And Datasets Used To Link New Waves Of Plague Outbreaks In Medieval Europe To Climate Fluctuations Affecting The Reservoirs Of The Disease In Asia. Open
The zipfile contains the project directory which includes the source code and datasets used in the paper on Climate-driven introduction of the Black Death and successive plague reintroductions into Europe, as published in Proceedings of th…
View article: Source Code And Datasets Used To Link New Waves Of Plague Outbreaks In Medieval Europe To Climate Fluctuations Affecting The Reservoirs Of The Disease In Asia.
Source Code And Datasets Used To Link New Waves Of Plague Outbreaks In Medieval Europe To Climate Fluctuations Affecting The Reservoirs Of The Disease In Asia. Open
The zipfile contains the project directory which includes the source code and datasets used in the paper on Climate-driven introduction of the Black Death and successive plague reintroductions into Europe, as published in Proceedings of th…
View article: Medieval plague outbreaks in Europe, and the main traderoutes at that time linking Europe to Asian plague reservoirs
Medieval plague outbreaks in Europe, and the main traderoutes at that time linking Europe to Asian plague reservoirs Open
Data presented here is based on the paper "Climate-driven introduction of the Black Death and successive plague reintroductions into Europe", in PNAS.org Raw datasets of the medieval plague outbreaks, current-day plague reservoirs, and the…