Wangru Wei
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View article: Air Entrainment of Chute Aerators Under Different Atmospheric Pressures
Air Entrainment of Chute Aerators Under Different Atmospheric Pressures Open
In high-altitude regions, the influence of atmospheric pressure on the air entrainment capacity of chute aerators remains inadequately quantified. This study characterizes aerator efficiency through the air entrainment coefficient under va…
View article: Microscopic Air–Water Properties in Non-Uniform Self-Aerated Flows
Microscopic Air–Water Properties in Non-Uniform Self-Aerated Flows Open
Supercritical open channel flows contribute substantially to the air–water transfer process in spillways, rivers, and streams. They are characterized by strong turbulent mixing and a substantial amount of air entrainment. The microscopic a…
View article: Effects of Air Vent Size and Location Design on Air Supply Efficiency in Flood Discharge Tunnel Operations
Effects of Air Vent Size and Location Design on Air Supply Efficiency in Flood Discharge Tunnel Operations Open
Low-level outlets are essential flood discharge structures for high-head dams. High-speed free-surface flows releasing into tunnels lead to substantial air discharge, and the air supply is important for gate vibration mitigation, cavitatio…
View article: Numerical study on the effect of tangential intake design and inflow discharge on vertical dropshaft assessment using pressure and velocity distributions
Numerical study on the effect of tangential intake design and inflow discharge on vertical dropshaft assessment using pressure and velocity distributions Open
Tangential intake structures with vertical dropshafts are commonly employed in stormwater and urban drainage systems. Vortex and plunging flows are the two typical flow patterns observed in dropshafts, with the former being the desired due…
View article: Numerical simulation study on spread angle in oblique cut flip bucket
Numerical simulation study on spread angle in oblique cut flip bucket Open
With the advantages of simple structure, good energy dissipation effect and so on, the sky jump energy dissipation is widely used in energy dissipation of water conservancy project. But at present, the prediction about the range of the fre…
View article: Experimental study on flow fields and bubble entrainments by the water droplet impact using 3D PIV tests
Experimental study on flow fields and bubble entrainments by the water droplet impact using 3D PIV tests Open
The phenomenon of a water droplet impact on a free surface is studied to understand the physics of free surface bubble entrainment. Particle image velocimetry (PIV) and high-speed image system are used to analyse the flow structure evoluti…
View article: Local hydraulic jump effects on sediment deposition in open-channel flume experiments
Local hydraulic jump effects on sediment deposition in open-channel flume experiments Open
When a river channel is narrow, bifurcated, or intersected, or when extreme weather or geological disasters cause shed rock masses to occupy a river flood channel, local hydraulic jumps may develop in the channel. Natural disasters such as…
View article: Spatial distribution characteristics of splashing rainfall caused by nappe flow impingement on a plunge pool
Spatial distribution characteristics of splashing rainfall caused by nappe flow impingement on a plunge pool Open
Splashing is the main atomization source for a jet impinging on a liquid layer. Increased understanding of splashing rainfall characteristics can help to reduce the hazard of flood discharge atomization in hydraulic engineering. In this st…
View article: Analytical solutions for vortex flow at the tangential inlet of a vertical dropshaft
Analytical solutions for vortex flow at the tangential inlet of a vertical dropshaft Open
Vertical dropshafts with tangential intake structures are often used in urban drainage systems to route surface flow into underground systems. Vortex flow driven by a tangential inlet is the typical flow pattern in the vertical dropshaft. …
View article: Characteristics of air flow driven by the water free surface in a free-flow spillway tunnel
Characteristics of air flow driven by the water free surface in a free-flow spillway tunnel Open
Air is transported downstream by the water flow in a free-flow spillway tunnel, resulting in high negative pressure, which causes gate vibration and cavitation. In this research work, a physical model of a free-flow spillway tunnel was use…
View article: Wedge Aerator at the Bottom Outlet in Flat Tunnels
Wedge Aerator at the Bottom Outlet in Flat Tunnels Open
Aerators are applied to provide air entrainment and cavitation erosion protections for high-speed flows. By traditional chute aerators in high-head bottom tunnels, it is difficult to maintain effective aeration protection for low-Froude-nu…
View article: Numerical investigation on effect of air vent on air supply
Numerical investigation on effect of air vent on air supply Open
An improper design of an air vent will not only cause waste of resources but also seriously threaten the safety of the spillway tunnel. The present study analyzes the effects of the area and position of the air vent on the air supply, usin…
View article: Morphology Evolution of Three-Dimensional Scours Under Submerged Jets
Morphology Evolution of Three-Dimensional Scours Under Submerged Jets Open
Through physical model tests, the three-dimensional morphological features and their scale changes with time were measured and comparatively analyzed during the scouring of a homogeneous granular bed surface using submerged oblique jets. T…
View article: Numerical study on the effect of tangential intake on vortex dropshaft assessment using pressure distributions
Numerical study on the effect of tangential intake on vortex dropshaft assessment using pressure distributions Open
Dropshafts with tangential intakes are common structures in urban water drainage systems. The plunging and vortex flowpatterns are the typical flow regimes, which are mainly affected by the tangential intake design and flood discharge. How…
View article: Investigation on the Cavity Backwater of Chute Aerators under Various Atmospheric Pressures
Investigation on the Cavity Backwater of Chute Aerators under Various Atmospheric Pressures Open
A chute aerator is a device that entrains air into water and protects against cavitation erosion. The state of the jet cavity determines the aerator efficiency under different flow conditions. In the case of a low Froude number and low vel…
View article: Experimental research on the effect of air bubble properties on aluminum cavitation erosion
Experimental research on the effect of air bubble properties on aluminum cavitation erosion Open
Cavitation has been proven to cause damage to hydraulic structures. In recent times, aeration has been receiving increasing attention as a suitable method for preventing or reducing the erosion effects of cavitation. In this study, an orif…
View article: Experimental study of the air concentration diffusion in aerated chute flows downstream of lateral and bottom aerators
Experimental study of the air concentration diffusion in aerated chute flows downstream of lateral and bottom aerators Open
Flow aeration is an effective way to protect the chute structure from cavitation erosion damage, and various chute aerators are applied for high-velocity and large discharge flows. The aeration protection for the chute floor and sidewall i…
View article: Free surface aeration and development dependence in chute flows
Free surface aeration and development dependence in chute flows Open
The microscopic description of the mixture behaviour of air–water flow remains a challenge. It is not clear how to represent a complex two-phase interaction with the turbulent air–water structure development process. In this study, based o…
View article: Pressure reduction in plunge pools by triangular wedges at high-head overfall spillways
Pressure reduction in plunge pools by triangular wedges at high-head overfall spillways Open
Overfall spillways are important hydraulic structures for the release of overtopping water flows downstream of a dam. To reduce the effects of the impact of falling water in plunge pools, an overfall spillway outlet design that produces a …
View article: Air Diffusion and Velocity Characteristics of Self-Aerated Developing Region in Flat Chute Flows
Air Diffusion and Velocity Characteristics of Self-Aerated Developing Region in Flat Chute Flows Open
Self-aerated flows in flat chutes are encountered downstream of the bottom outlet, in spillways with a small slope and in storm waterways. In the present study, the development of self-aeration in flat chute flow is described and new exper…
View article: Bubble characteristics and turbulent dissipation rate in horizontal bubbly pipe flow
Bubble characteristics and turbulent dissipation rate in horizontal bubbly pipe flow Open
The energy dissipation rate is a crucial parameter for system control and turbulence modeling but is difficult to quantify in gas–liquid two-phase flows. Little relevant information is available, especially in horizontal pipe flows. Based …
View article: Flow Structures of the Air-Water Layer in the Free Surface Region of High-Speed Open Channel Flows
Flow Structures of the Air-Water Layer in the Free Surface Region of High-Speed Open Channel Flows Open
In hydraulic engineering, intense free surface breakups have been observed to develop in high-speed open channel flows, resulting in a mixed air-water layer near the free surface that grows with the development of self-aeration. This regio…
View article: Bubble formation and scale dependence in free-surface air entrainment
Bubble formation and scale dependence in free-surface air entrainment Open
The air bubble entrainment and self–aeration phenomena in free-surface water flows reveal a rich interplay of fundamental science and engineering, and the size distribution of the entrained bubbles enhances the air–water gas flux, improves…