Wayne S. Schwark
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View article: Limited pharmacokinetic and safety study with daily feeding of hemp pellets in domestic goats: cannabidiolic acid is absorbed and retained better than cannabidiol
Limited pharmacokinetic and safety study with daily feeding of hemp pellets in domestic goats: cannabidiolic acid is absorbed and retained better than cannabidiol Open
Objective To determine serum pharmacokinetics and evaluate safety after oral cannabidiol (CBD)/cannabidiolic acid (CBDA)-rich hemp pellets administrated to goats. Methods Eight 7-year-old female goats received 3 mg/kg CBD and 2 mg/kg CBDA …
View article: Limited 12-hour pharmacokinetic assessment of CBD and CBDA isolates compared to their full-spectrum extracts in healthy adult beagles
Limited 12-hour pharmacokinetic assessment of CBD and CBDA isolates compared to their full-spectrum extracts in healthy adult beagles Open
Introduction The rapidly expanding market for therapeutic cannabinoid products has intensified research on their safety and efficacy in pets. Full-spectrum hemp extracts contain compounds such as terpenoids and flavonoids that may act syne…
View article: Pharmacokinetics and Physiological Effects of a Single Oral Dose of Oxycodone in Healthy Dogs: A Pilot Study
Pharmacokinetics and Physiological Effects of a Single Oral Dose of Oxycodone in Healthy Dogs: A Pilot Study Open
Oxycodone, a full mu opioid receptor agonist prescribed for moderate‐to‐severe pain in people, could provide outpatient analgesia for dogs with post‐operative or cancer pain. To determine the pharmacokinetic profile and physiological side …
View article: Chronic oral dosing of cannabidiol and cannabidiolic acid full-spectrum hemp oil extracts has no adverse effects in horses: a pharmacokinetic and safety study
Chronic oral dosing of cannabidiol and cannabidiolic acid full-spectrum hemp oil extracts has no adverse effects in horses: a pharmacokinetic and safety study Open
OBJECTIVE To compare the pharmacokinetics of cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabidiolic acid (CBDA) in horses and to evaluate the safety of their chronic administration. METHODS CBD- and CBDA-rich oil (1 mg/kg) were administered orally twice dail…
View article: Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of single-dose enteral cannabidiol and cannabidiolic acid rich hemp in horses (Equus caballus)
Pharmacokinetics and tolerability of single-dose enteral cannabidiol and cannabidiolic acid rich hemp in horses (Equus caballus) Open
The pharmacokinetics and tolerability of cannabinoids and their metabolites were determined in eight horses after enteral administration of a commercial CBD/CBDA-rich hemp oil product. Each horse was administered 2 mg/kg or 8 mg/kg CBD/CBD…
View article: A One Health perspective on comparative cannabidiol and cannabidiolic acid pharmacokinetics and biotransformation in humans and domestic animals
A One Health perspective on comparative cannabidiol and cannabidiolic acid pharmacokinetics and biotransformation in humans and domestic animals Open
The goal of pharmacokinetic (PK) studies is to provide a basis for appropriate dosing regimens with novel therapeutic agents. With a knowledge of the desired serum concentration for optimum pharmacological effect, the amount and rate of dr…
View article: Serum Cannabinoid 24 h and 1 Week Steady State Pharmacokinetic Assessment in Cats Using a CBD/CBDA Rich Hemp Paste
Serum Cannabinoid 24 h and 1 Week Steady State Pharmacokinetic Assessment in Cats Using a CBD/CBDA Rich Hemp Paste Open
Hemp based cannabinoids have gained popularity in veterinary medicine due to the potential to treat pain, seizure disorders and dermatological maladies in dogs. Cat owners are also using hemp-based products for arthritis, anxiety and neopl…
View article: Twenty-Four Hour and One-Week Steady State Pharmacokinetics of Cannabinoids in Two Formulations of Cannabidiol and Cannabidiolic Acid Rich Hemp in Dogs
Twenty-Four Hour and One-Week Steady State Pharmacokinetics of Cannabinoids in Two Formulations of Cannabidiol and Cannabidiolic Acid Rich Hemp in Dogs Open
The aim of this study was to compare the pharmacokinetics of a cannabidiol (CBD) and cannabidiolic acid-rich (CBDA) hemp extract in a sesame oil base and a soft gel capsule formulation. During acute twenty-four hour pharmacokinetic evaluat…
View article: Comparison of Nociceptive Effects of Buprenorphine, Firocoxib, and Meloxicam in a Plantar Incision Model in Sprague–Dawley Rats
Comparison of Nociceptive Effects of Buprenorphine, Firocoxib, and Meloxicam in a Plantar Incision Model in Sprague–Dawley Rats Open
Due to their reduced frequency of dosing and ease of availability, NSAIDs are generally preferred over opioids for rodent analgesia. We evaluated the efficacy of the highly COX2-selective NSAID firocoxib as compared with meloxicam and bupr…
View article: Pharmacokinetics of Cannabidiol, Cannabidiolic Acid, Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid and Related Metabolites in Canine Serum After Dosing With Three Oral Forms of Hemp Extract
Pharmacokinetics of Cannabidiol, Cannabidiolic Acid, Δ9-Tetrahydrocannabinol, Tetrahydrocannabinolic Acid and Related Metabolites in Canine Serum After Dosing With Three Oral Forms of Hemp Extract Open
Cannabidiol (CBD)-rich hemp extract use is increasing in veterinary medicine with little examination of serum cannabinoids. Many products contain small amounts of Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), and precursor carboxylic acid forms of CBD an…
View article: Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics and Preliminary Safety Assessment with Use of CBD-Rich Hemp Nutraceutical in Healthy Dogs and Cats
Single-Dose Pharmacokinetics and Preliminary Safety Assessment with Use of CBD-Rich Hemp Nutraceutical in Healthy Dogs and Cats Open
The use of CBD-rich hemp products is becoming popular among pet owners with no long-term safety data related to consumption in adult dogs and cats. The purpose of this study was to determine the single-dose oral pharmacokinetics of CBD, an…
View article: Technical note: Effects of pegylation and route of administration on leptin kinetics in newborn lambs1
Technical note: Effects of pegylation and route of administration on leptin kinetics in newborn lambs1 Open
Chronic energy insufficiency resulting from inadequate feed intake or increased nutrient demand reduces plasma leptin in ruminants. Treatment of energy-deficient ruminants with exogenous leptin has identified some physiological consequence…
View article: Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Clinical Efficacy of Cannabidiol Treatment in Osteoarthritic Dogs
Pharmacokinetics, Safety, and Clinical Efficacy of Cannabidiol Treatment in Osteoarthritic Dogs Open
Objectives: The objectives of this study were to determine basic oral pharmacokinetics, and assess safety and analgesic efficacy of a cannabidiol (CBD) based oil in dogs with osteoarthritis (OA). Methods: Single-dose pharmacokinetics was p…
View article: Pharmacokinetics of Single-Dose Oral Pregabalin Administration in Normal Cats
Pharmacokinetics of Single-Dose Oral Pregabalin Administration in Normal Cats Open
Objective: To describe the pharmacokinetic parameters of oral pregabalin in normal cats after single oral dosing. Animals: Six healthy adult research cats. Procedures: Following sedation and indwelling catheter placement, one oral (4 mg/kg…