Wayne S. Sossin
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View article: Translation stalling in neurons: a critical mechanism for timely protein delivery to distal cellular processes
Translation stalling in neurons: a critical mechanism for timely protein delivery to distal cellular processes Open
Neurons require local protein synthesis at synapses to control their proteome in response to local inputs. Work over the past two decades has revealed that neurons can use a specialized mechanism to transfer mRNAs and ribosomes to local si…
View article: FMRP Regulates Neuronal RNA Granules Containing Stalled Ribosomes, Not Where Ribosomes Stall
FMRP Regulates Neuronal RNA Granules Containing Stalled Ribosomes, Not Where Ribosomes Stall Open
Local protein synthesis is a crucial process that maintains synaptic proteostasis. A large percentage of mRNAs translated in developing neurons are associated with stalled ribosomes. FMRP, the protein lost in Fragile X syndrome, is highly …
View article: FMRP Regulates Neuronal RNA Granules Containing Stalled Ribosomes, Not Where Ribosomes Stall
FMRP Regulates Neuronal RNA Granules Containing Stalled Ribosomes, Not Where Ribosomes Stall Open
Local protein synthesis is a crucial process that maintains synaptic proteostasis. A large percentage of mRNAs translated in developing neurons are associated with stalled ribosomes. FMRP, the protein lost in Fragile X syndrome, is highly …
View article: Identifying putative substrates of Calpain-15 in neurodevelopment
Identifying putative substrates of Calpain-15 in neurodevelopment Open
Calpain 15 (CAPN15) is an intracellular cysteine protease belonging to the non-classical small optic lobe (SOL) family of calpains, which has an important role in developmental processes. Loss of Capn15 in mice leads to developmental eye a…
View article: FMRP Regulates Neuronal RNA Granules Containing Stalled Ribosomes, Not Where Ribosomes Stall
FMRP Regulates Neuronal RNA Granules Containing Stalled Ribosomes, Not Where Ribosomes Stall Open
Local protein synthesis is a crucial process that maintains synaptic proteostasis. A large percentage of mRNAs translated in developing neurons are associated with stalled ribosomes. FMRP, the protein lost in Fragile X syndrome, is highly …
View article: The ISR downstream target ATF4 represses long-term memory in a cell type–specific manner
The ISR downstream target ATF4 represses long-term memory in a cell type–specific manner Open
The integrated stress response (ISR), a pivotal protein homeostasis network, plays a critical role in the formation of long-term memory (LTM). The precise mechanism by which the ISR controls LTM is not well understood. Here, we report insi…
View article: Puromycin reveals a distinct conformation of neuronal ribosomes
Puromycin reveals a distinct conformation of neuronal ribosomes Open
Puromycin is covalently added to the nascent chain of proteins by the peptidyl transferase activity of the ribosome and the dissociation of the puromycylated peptide typically follows this event. It was postulated that blocking the translo…
View article: The role of specific isoforms of CaV2 and the common C-terminal of CaV2 in calcium channel function in sensory neurons of Aplysia
The role of specific isoforms of CaV2 and the common C-terminal of CaV2 in calcium channel function in sensory neurons of Aplysia Open
The presynaptic release apparatus can be specialized to enable specific synaptic functions. Habituation is the diminishing of a physiological response to a frequently repeated stimulus and in Aplysia , habituation to touch is mediated by a…
View article: The role of specific isoforms of CaV2 and the common C-terminal of CaV2 in calcium channel function in sensory neurons of Aplysia
The role of specific isoforms of CaV2 and the common C-terminal of CaV2 in calcium channel function in sensory neurons of Aplysia Open
Habituation is the diminishing of a physiological response to a frequently repeated stimulus. In Aplysia , habituation to touch is mediated by the depression of the response to sensory neuron firing mediated by a decrease in transmitter re…
View article: Puromycin reveals a distinct conformation of neuronal ribosomes
Puromycin reveals a distinct conformation of neuronal ribosomes Open
Puromycin is covalently added to the nascent chain of proteins by the peptidyl transferase activity of the ribosome and the dissociation of the puromycylated peptide typically follows this event. It was postulated that blocking the translo…
View article: Ribosomes in RNA Granules Are Stalled on mRNA Sequences That Are Consensus Sites for FMRP Association
Ribosomes in RNA Granules Are Stalled on mRNA Sequences That Are Consensus Sites for FMRP Association Open
Local translation in neurons is partly mediated by the reactivation of stalled polysomes. Stalled polysomes may be enriched within the granule fraction, defined as the pellet of sucrose gradients used to separate polysomes from monosomes. …
View article: The molecular diversity of plasticity mechanisms underlying memory: An evolutionary perspective
The molecular diversity of plasticity mechanisms underlying memory: An evolutionary perspective Open
Experience triggers molecular cascades in organisms (learning) that lead to alterations (memory) to allow the organism to change its behavior based on experience. Understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying memory, particularly in th…
View article: The evolution of synaptic and cognitive capacity: Insights from the nervous system transcriptome of<i>Aplysia</i>
The evolution of synaptic and cognitive capacity: Insights from the nervous system transcriptome of<i>Aplysia</i> Open
The gastropod mollusk Aplysia is an important model for cellular and molecular neurobiological studies, particularly for investigations of molecular mechanisms of learning and memory. We developed an optimized assembly pipeline to generate…
View article: PITA, a pre-bilaterian p75NTR, is the evolutionary ancestor of TNF receptors
PITA, a pre-bilaterian p75NTR, is the evolutionary ancestor of TNF receptors Open
Tumor necrosis factor receptors (TNFRs) regulate a diverse array of biological functions, including adaptive immunity, neurodevelopment, and many others. Although TNFRs are expressed in all metazoan phyla, a coherent model of the molecular…
View article: Excitatory postsynaptic calcium transients at <i>Aplysia</i> sensory–motor neuron synapses allow for quantal examination of synaptic strength over multiple days in culture
Excitatory postsynaptic calcium transients at <i>Aplysia</i> sensory–motor neuron synapses allow for quantal examination of synaptic strength over multiple days in culture Open
A more thorough description of the changes in synaptic strength underlying synaptic plasticity may be achieved with quantal resolution measurements at individual synaptic sites. Here, we demonstrate that by using a membrane targeted geneti…
View article: Excitatory postsynaptic calcium transients at Aplysia sensory-motor neuron synapses allow for quantal examination of synaptic strength over multiple days in culture
Excitatory postsynaptic calcium transients at Aplysia sensory-motor neuron synapses allow for quantal examination of synaptic strength over multiple days in culture Open
The ability to monitor changes in strength at individual synaptic contacts is required to test the hypothesis that specialized synapses maintain changes in synaptic strength that underlie memory. Measuring excitatory post-synaptic calcium …
View article: Ribosomes in RNA granules are stalled on mRNA sequences that are consensus sites for FMRP association
Ribosomes in RNA granules are stalled on mRNA sequences that are consensus sites for FMRP association Open
Local translation in neurons is mediated in part by the reactivation of stalled polysomes. Stalled polysomes may be enriched within the pellet of sucrose gradients used to separate polysomes from monosomes. We find that this fraction, isol…
View article: Biallelic variants in the small optic lobe calpain CAPN15 are associated with congenital eye anomalies, deafness and other neurodevelopmental deficits
Biallelic variants in the small optic lobe calpain CAPN15 are associated with congenital eye anomalies, deafness and other neurodevelopmental deficits Open
Microphthalmia, coloboma and cataract are part of a spectrum of developmental eye disorders in humans affecting ~12 per 100 000 live births. Currently, variants in over 100 genes are known to underlie these conditions. However, at least 40…
View article: Terminological and Epistemological Issues in Current Memory Research
Terminological and Epistemological Issues in Current Memory Research Open
A number of observations in recent years demonstrates that across all levels of organization, memory is inherently fluid. On the cognitive-behavioral level, the innocent act of remembering can irrevocably alter the contents of established …
View article: Isoform Specificity of PKMs during Long-Term Facilitation in <i>Aplysia</i> Is Mediated through Stabilization by KIBRA
Isoform Specificity of PKMs during Long-Term Facilitation in <i>Aplysia</i> Is Mediated through Stabilization by KIBRA Open
Persistent activity of protein kinase M (PKM), the truncated form of protein kinase C (PKC), can maintain long-term changes in synaptic strength in many systems, including the hermaphrodite marine mollusk, Aplysia californica . Moreover, d…
View article: MRI of<i>Capn15</i>knockout mice and analysis of Capn 15 distribution reveal possible roles in brain development and plasticity
MRI of<i>Capn15</i>knockout mice and analysis of Capn 15 distribution reveal possible roles in brain development and plasticity Open
The Small Optic Lobe (SOL) family of calpains are intracellular cysteine proteases that are expressed in the nervous system and play an important role in neuronal development in both Drosophila , where loss of this calpain leads to the epo…
View article: Polysomes identified by live imaging of nascent peptides are stalled in hippocampal and cortical neurites
Polysomes identified by live imaging of nascent peptides are stalled in hippocampal and cortical neurites Open
In neurons, mRNAs can be repressed postinitiation and assembled into granules enabling the transport and later, regulated reactivation of the paused mRNAs. It has been suggested that a large percentage of transcripts in neuronal processes …
View article: A role for Numb in Protein kinase M (PKM)‐mediated increase in surface AMPA receptors during facilitation in <i>Aplysia</i>
A role for Numb in Protein kinase M (PKM)‐mediated increase in surface AMPA receptors during facilitation in <i>Aplysia</i> Open
There is considerable evidence from both vertebrates and invertebrates that persistently active protein kinases maintain changes in synaptic strength that underlie memory. In the hermaphrodite marine mollusk, Aplysia californica , truncate…
View article: Isoform specificity of PKMs during long-term facilitation in <i>Aplysia</i> is mediated through stabilization by KIBRA
Isoform specificity of PKMs during long-term facilitation in <i>Aplysia</i> is mediated through stabilization by KIBRA Open
Persistent activity of protein kinase M (PKM), the truncated form of protein kinase C (PKC), can maintain long-term changes in synaptic strength in many systems including the hermaphrodite marine mollusk, Aplysia californica. Moreover, dif…
View article: “Fragile” equilibrium between translation and transcription
“Fragile” equilibrium between translation and transcription Open
Loss of fragile X mental retardation protein (FMRP) in fragile X syndrome is the most common cause of inherited intellectual deficiency and is associated with additional neurodevelopmental issues, including increased risks of autism and ep…