Wesley Schweer
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View article: Effect of increasing dietary isoacid levels on total tract and apparent ileal nutrient digestibility and fermentation products in growing pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets
Effect of increasing dietary isoacid levels on total tract and apparent ileal nutrient digestibility and fermentation products in growing pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets Open
Background Isoacids are the product of branched-chain amino acid fermentation and are naturally produced in the hindgut by microbial fermentation. In ruminants, supplementation of isoacids as a feed additive improves fiber utilization, wit…
View article: 264 A holistic nutritional approach for modulation of microbiome to improve pig performance and support health
264 A holistic nutritional approach for modulation of microbiome to improve pig performance and support health Open
The gut microbiome is in an intimate symbiosis with its host and their interactions have profound effects on the physiology, health, and performance of pigs across all life stages. Within this symbiosis, the establishment of a healthy and …
View article: 99 Growth performance of grow-finish pigs fed different levels of soybean meal in non-isocaloric diets with provisions of digestible amino acids above estimated requirements
99 Growth performance of grow-finish pigs fed different levels of soybean meal in non-isocaloric diets with provisions of digestible amino acids above estimated requirements Open
An experiment was conducted to determine the performance of grow-finish pigs fed 1 of 4 diets with graded levels of soybean meal (SBM) formulated to investigate two potential confounding factors in evaluating increased dietary inclusion of…
View article: 35 Viral disease alters feed preferences in grower pigs
35 Viral disease alters feed preferences in grower pigs Open
Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome (PRRS) virus reduces feed intake and growth rates and increases mortality risk in pigs. During this disease state, it is unclear if macronutrient and feed preferences change to support the immu…
View article: 122 Effects of a phytogenic feed additive on nursery pig performance
122 Effects of a phytogenic feed additive on nursery pig performance Open
An experiment was conducted to test the hypothesis that a phytogenic feed additive (Cinergy® Protect, Cargill, USA) would improve nursery pig performance. In total, 3,864 weaned pigs (6.4 ± 0.40 kg initial body weight; BW) were allotted to…
View article: PSI-20 Isobutyrate supplementation improved energy and nitrogen digestibility in prepubertal gilts fed a high insoluble, but not soluble, fiber diet
PSI-20 Isobutyrate supplementation improved energy and nitrogen digestibility in prepubertal gilts fed a high insoluble, but not soluble, fiber diet Open
Isoacids are short, branched-chain volatile fatty acids produced by microbial degradation of branched-chain amino acids. While there is a lack of information on isoacids supplementation in monogastric animals, in ruminants, isoacids are gr…
View article: 197 Effects of dietary zinc supplementation strategy on immune response, bacterial load and disease severity in growing gilts infected with <i>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.</i>
197 Effects of dietary zinc supplementation strategy on immune response, bacterial load and disease severity in growing gilts infected with <i>Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae.</i> Open
The objective of this study was to assess impacts of dietary zinc (Zn) supplementation strategy on immune response, bacterial clearance, and disease severity in growing gilts infected with Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae. Weaned gilts [n = 96; 21…
View article: 201 The effects of the supplementation of a Zinc-amino acid complex in pig nursery diets with differing pharmacological levels of zinc oxide and complexity
201 The effects of the supplementation of a Zinc-amino acid complex in pig nursery diets with differing pharmacological levels of zinc oxide and complexity Open
Diet complexity (DC), which has significance in nursery pig production, generally refers to a greater number of highly digestible ingredients. Increased DC may have even greater significance in scenarios of reduction or withdrawal of zinc …
View article: PSI-12 Dietary isoacids modulate nutrient digestibility and fermentation products in ileal digesta and feces of growing pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets
PSI-12 Dietary isoacids modulate nutrient digestibility and fermentation products in ileal digesta and feces of growing pigs fed corn-soybean meal diets Open
Branched-chain fatty acids, or isoacids, are the product of branched-chain amino acid fermentation and have been associated with benefits on the productivity of ruminants, primarily by positively modulating gut microbes and promoting gastr…
View article: 202 Source matters: long-term effects of nursery sanitary condition and dietary Zinc source and level on growth performance, diarrhea incidence, and carcass metrics of pigs
202 Source matters: long-term effects of nursery sanitary condition and dietary Zinc source and level on growth performance, diarrhea incidence, and carcass metrics of pigs Open
There is growing evidence that requirements for particular nutrients increase when pigs are kept under low sanitary conditions (LSC). It may be hypothesized that dietary zinc (Zn) source can exert influence on immune status, which may infl…
View article: Dietary isoacids effects on growth, nitrogen, and energy digestibility, and fecal volatile fatty acids and microbial ecology in finishing pigs
Dietary isoacids effects on growth, nitrogen, and energy digestibility, and fecal volatile fatty acids and microbial ecology in finishing pigs Open
Isoacids are branched ketoacids which when fed to ruminants have been shown to enhance the growth of fiber-digesting organisms. Ninety finishing gilts were individually fed dietary treatments consisting of diet type: corn–soybean meal (CSB…
View article: PSI-15 Impact of Dietary Zinc Source on Post-Weaning Performance and Livability
PSI-15 Impact of Dietary Zinc Source on Post-Weaning Performance and Livability Open
Zinc (Zn) is a key trace element involved in protein synthesis and immune development, which makes it a pivotal nutrient for the newly weaned pig. The objective was to investigate the effects of dietary Zn source on pig performance and liv…
View article: PSI-16 Too Late to Catch up? Parity Order and Baseline Overall Claw Quality Impact on the Responsiveness of Sows to Mineral-Amino Acid-Complex Supplementation: A Case Study
PSI-16 Too Late to Catch up? Parity Order and Baseline Overall Claw Quality Impact on the Responsiveness of Sows to Mineral-Amino Acid-Complex Supplementation: A Case Study Open
Poor claw quality can predispose sows to lameness, which may be counteracted by mineral-amino acid-complex (ZPM) supplementation. The objective was to investigate the effects of parity order (PO) and baseline overall claw quality (BCW) on …
View article: Soluble corn fiber, resistant corn starch, and protected butyrate effects on performance, gastrointestinal volatile fatty acids, and apparent total-tract digestibility of calcium and phosphorus in nursery pigs
Soluble corn fiber, resistant corn starch, and protected butyrate effects on performance, gastrointestinal volatile fatty acids, and apparent total-tract digestibility of calcium and phosphorus in nursery pigs Open
An experiment was conducted to determine how feeding calcium (Ca)-deficient diet would affect gastrointestinal pH and volatile fatty acids (VFAs), Ca digestibility, bone mineral density (BMD), and performance in nursery pigs; and if supple…
View article: Evaluation of digestively resistant or soluble fibers, short- and medium-chain fatty acids, trace minerals, and antibiotics in nonchallenged nursery pigs on performance, digestibility, and intestinal integrity
Evaluation of digestively resistant or soluble fibers, short- and medium-chain fatty acids, trace minerals, and antibiotics in nonchallenged nursery pigs on performance, digestibility, and intestinal integrity Open
Three experiments (EXP) were conducted to determine the effect of feed additives on performance, intestinal integrity, gastrointestinal volatile fatty acids (VFA), and energy and nutrient digestion in nonchallenged nursery pigs. In EXP 1, …
View article: Dietary Pharmacological Zinc and Copper Enhances Voluntary Feed Intake of Nursery Pigs
Dietary Pharmacological Zinc and Copper Enhances Voluntary Feed Intake of Nursery Pigs Open
The objective of the three experiments herein were to characterize the effect of pharmacological zinc and copper concentrations on nursery pig feed intake, stomach ghrelin, energy and nutrient digestibility, and mineral retention in post-w…
View article: Functions of manganese in reproduction
Functions of manganese in reproduction Open
Manganese (Mn) is the twelfth most abundant element in the earth's crust and is widely distributed throughout the surface of the planet, naturally occurring in rocks, soil, water, and food. As an essential trace mineral in diets, Mn is req…
View article: Evaluation of the molecular response of corpora lutea to manganese–amino acid complex supplementation in gilts
Evaluation of the molecular response of corpora lutea to manganese–amino acid complex supplementation in gilts Open
Porcine pregnancy establishment and maintenance are dependent on the formation of functional corpora lutea (CL). Manganese (Mn) is critical for CL function as it is a cofactor for Mn superoxide dismutase and enzymes involved in cholesterol…
View article: Impact of manganese amino acid complex on tissue-specific trace mineral distribution and corpus luteum function in gilts
Impact of manganese amino acid complex on tissue-specific trace mineral distribution and corpus luteum function in gilts Open
Functional corpora lutea (CL) are required for pregnancy establishment and gestational maintenance in swine, and CL function is susceptible to environmental influences. Manganese (Mn) could be critical in regulating CL function since it is…
View article: Increasing the ratio of SID lysine to metabolizable energy improves pig performance during a viral challenge
Increasing the ratio of SID lysine to metabolizable energy improves pig performance during a viral challenge Open
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) compromises pig performance. However, increasing standardized ileal digestible Lys per Mcal metabolizable energy (SID Lys:ME) above requirement has been shown to mitigate reduced …
View article: Nutrient supplementation effects on pig performance and sickness behavior during a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection
Nutrient supplementation effects on pig performance and sickness behavior during a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus infection Open
Objective: Investigate how nutrient additive inclusion impacts performance and sickness behavior in pigs infected with porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV). Materials and methods: At 10 weeks of age, 108 PRRSV naïve …
View article: Impact of viral disease hypophagia on pig jejunal function and integrity
Impact of viral disease hypophagia on pig jejunal function and integrity Open
Pathogen challenges are often accompanied by reductions in feed intake, making it difficult to differentiate impacts of reduced feed intake from impacts of pathogen on various response parameters. Therefore, the objective of this study was…
View article: 374 Metabolic response of pigs to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus infection and nutrient restriction
374 Metabolic response of pigs to Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome virus infection and nutrient restriction Open
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus is one of the most economically significant pig pathogens worldwide. The virus infects pigs at all production stages and significantly reduces the tissue accretion of growing pigs.…
View article: Impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on muscle metabolism of growing pigs1
Impact of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus on muscle metabolism of growing pigs1 Open
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome (PRRS) virus is one of the most economically significant pig pathogens worldwide. However, the metabolic explanation for reductions in tissue accretion observed in growing pigs remains poorly d…
View article: Impact of<i>Brachyspira hyodysenteriae</i>on intestinal amino acid digestibility and endogenous amino acid losses in pigs1
Impact of<i>Brachyspira hyodysenteriae</i>on intestinal amino acid digestibility and endogenous amino acid losses in pigs1 Open
Brachyspira hyodysenteriae (Bhyo) induces mucohemorrhagic diarrhea in pigs and is an economically significant disease worldwide. Our objectives were to determine the impact of Bhyo on apparent total tract digestibility (ATTD), ileal digest…
View article: Increased lysine: metabolizable energy ratio improves grower pig performance during a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus challenge
Increased lysine: metabolizable energy ratio improves grower pig performance during a porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus challenge Open
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) reduces grower pig performance. The amino acid (AA) requirements and lysine:metabolizable energy ratio (Lys:ME) of health-challenged pigs for optimum performance are poorly unders…
View article: The effects of group size and subtherapeutic antibiotic alternatives on growth performance and morbidity of nursery pigs: a model for feed additive evaluation1
The effects of group size and subtherapeutic antibiotic alternatives on growth performance and morbidity of nursery pigs: a model for feed additive evaluation1 Open
The objectives of this experiment were to evaluate the effects of alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (AGP), two group sizes, and their interaction on nursery pig performance to serve as a model for future AGP alternative studies. …
View article: 284 The Effects of Group Size and Sub-Therapeutic Antibiotic Alternatives on the Performance of Nursery Piglets: A Model for Feed Additive Evaluation.
284 The Effects of Group Size and Sub-Therapeutic Antibiotic Alternatives on the Performance of Nursery Piglets: A Model for Feed Additive Evaluation. Open
The objectives were to develop guidelines for studies evaluating alternatives to sub-therapeutic antibiotic growth promoters (AGP) and to evaluate the effects of AGP alternatives in 2 group sizes on nursery pig performance. A 41-d experime…
View article: 135 Understanding the Performance Enhancing Mode of Action of in-Feed Sub-Therapeutic Antibiotics in Nursery Pigs.
135 Understanding the Performance Enhancing Mode of Action of in-Feed Sub-Therapeutic Antibiotics in Nursery Pigs. Open
In the face of the Veterinary Feed Directive, alternatives to feeding growth-promoting sub-therapeutic antibiotics (AGPs) to nursery pigs are needed. However, the mechanism of action by which AGPs work to enhance pig performance is not ful…