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View article: Effects of different ammonia emission reduction strategies from livestock farming on ambient ammonia concentrations in nature areas: a series of scenario analyses
Effects of different ammonia emission reduction strategies from livestock farming on ambient ammonia concentrations in nature areas: a series of scenario analyses Open
Excessive nitrogen deposition is a major problem in nature areas, causing soil acidification and eutrophication, which reduces biodiversity. In the Netherlands, most nitrogen originates from ammonia emissions related to agriculture. This s…
View article: Update of the list of qualified presumption of safety (QPS) recommended microbiological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA 22: Suitability of taxonomic units notified to EFSA until March 2025
Update of the list of qualified presumption of safety (QPS) recommended microbiological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA 22: Suitability of taxonomic units notified to EFSA until March 2025 Open
The qualified presumption of safety (QPS) process was developed to assess the safety of microorganisms used in food and feed chains. During the period covered by this Statement, no new information warranted changes to the status of previou…
View article: Effect of incineration, co‐incineration and combustion on TSE hazards in category 1 animal by‐products
Effect of incineration, co‐incineration and combustion on TSE hazards in category 1 animal by‐products Open
The European Commission requested EFSA to assess the effect of incineration, co‐incineration and combustion of Category 1 animal by‐products (ABP) on the BSE/TSE hazards in ash resulting from these treatments. The presence of residual TSE …
View article: Occurrence and spread of carbapenemase‐producing Enterobacterales (CPE) in the food chain in the EU/EFTA. Part 1: 2025 update
Occurrence and spread of carbapenemase‐producing Enterobacterales (CPE) in the food chain in the EU/EFTA. Part 1: 2025 update Open
Carbapenemase‐producing Enterobacterales (CPE) have been reported in the food chain in 14 out of 30 EU/EFTA countries. Commonly reported genes are blaVIM‐1, blaOXA‐48 and blaOXA‐181, followed by blaNDM‐5 and blaIMI‐1. Escherichia coli, tar…
View article: Evaluation of a fluidised catalytic cracking co‐processing method for the production of renewable fuels using Category 3 animal fat and used cooking oils
Evaluation of a fluidised catalytic cracking co‐processing method for the production of renewable fuels using Category 3 animal fat and used cooking oils Open
An alternative processing method for the production of renewable fuels from rendered animal fats, pretreated using standard processing methods 1–5 or method 7 and used cooking oils, derived from Category 3 animal by‐products, was assessed.…
View article: BIOHAZ scientific opinion on the equivalence of an alternative heat treatment process of feathers and down
BIOHAZ scientific opinion on the equivalence of an alternative heat treatment process of feathers and down Open
The European Commission requested EFSA to provide a scientific opinion on the equivalence between the heat treatment process of feathers and down with dry heat to a temperature of 100°C for 30 min and the treatment set up in Commission Reg…
View article: Evaluation of an alkaline hydrolysis method under atmospheric pressure for Category 1 animal by‐products
Evaluation of an alkaline hydrolysis method under atmospheric pressure for Category 1 animal by‐products Open
A new alternative method for the processing of entire bodies or body parts of pet animals (Category 1 animal by‐products (ABPs)) was assessed. The method consists of an alkaline hydrolysis process under atmospheric pressure carried out in …
View article: Microbiological hazards associated with the use of water in the post‐harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH). Part 3 (Fresh‐whole FVH process water management plan)
Microbiological hazards associated with the use of water in the post‐harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH). Part 3 (Fresh‐whole FVH process water management plan) Open
Water used in post‐harvest handling and processing operations is an important risk factor for microbiological cross‐contamination of fruits, vegetables and herbs (FVH). Industrial data indicated that the fresh‐whole FVH sector is character…
View article: Microbiological hazards associated with the use of water in the post‐harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH). Part 5 (Frozen FVH process water management plan)
Microbiological hazards associated with the use of water in the post‐harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH). Part 5 (Frozen FVH process water management plan) Open
Water used in post‐harvest handling and processing operations is an important risk factor for microbiological cross‐contamination of fruits, vegetables and herbs (FVH). Industrial data indicated that the frozen FVH sector is characterised …
View article: Microbiological hazards associated with the use of water in the post‐harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH). Part 4 (fresh‐cut FVH process water management plan)
Microbiological hazards associated with the use of water in the post‐harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH). Part 4 (fresh‐cut FVH process water management plan) Open
Water used in post‐harvest handling and processing operations is an important risk factor for microbiological cross‐contamination of fruits, vegetables and herbs (FVH). Industrial data indicated that the fresh‐cut FVH sector is characteris…
View article: Microbiological hazards associated with the use of water in the post‐harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH). Part 2 – A dynamic mass balance model for handling and processing operations in ffFVH using water
Microbiological hazards associated with the use of water in the post‐harvest handling and processing operations of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH). Part 2 – A dynamic mass balance model for handling and processing operations in ffFVH using water Open
A dynamic mass balance model was developed to simulate contamination dynamics in the process water of fresh and frozen fruits, vegetables and herbs (ffFVH) during processing and handling operations. The mass balance relates to the flux of …
View article: Update of the list of qualified presumption of safety (QPS) recommended microbiological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA 21: Suitability of taxonomic units notified to EFSA until September 2024
Update of the list of qualified presumption of safety (QPS) recommended microbiological agents intentionally added to food or feed as notified to EFSA 21: Suitability of taxonomic units notified to EFSA until September 2024 Open
The qualified presumption of safety (QPS) process was developed to provide a safety assessment approach for microorganisms intended for use in food or feed chains. In the period covered by this Statement, no new information was found that …
View article: Re‐evaluation of certain aspects of the EFSA Scientific Opinion of April 2010 on risk assessment of parasites in fishery products, based on new scientific data. Part 2
Re‐evaluation of certain aspects of the EFSA Scientific Opinion of April 2010 on risk assessment of parasites in fishery products, based on new scientific data. Part 2 Open
The objective of this opinion was to determine if any wild caught fish species, originating from specific fishing grounds and consumed in the EU/EFTA could be considered free of zoonotic parasites. In this Opinion the term ‘fishery product…
View article: A coaching approach to strengthen farm management teams to reduce antimicrobial use in Dutch high usage pig farms: a 2 year intervention study
A coaching approach to strengthen farm management teams to reduce antimicrobial use in Dutch high usage pig farms: a 2 year intervention study Open
The use of antimicrobials in the pig sector in the Netherlands has been reduced by more than 70% over the last decade. However, there is still a considerable number of pig farms that have not been able to lower their antimicrobial usage (A…
View article: Longitudinal Study of Dynamic Epidemiology of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Pigs and Humans Living and/or Working on Pig Farms
Longitudinal Study of Dynamic Epidemiology of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase-Producing Escherichia coli in Pigs and Humans Living and/or Working on Pig Farms Open
Extended-spectrum beta-lactamase (ESBL)-producing Escherichia coli represents a public health hazard due to reduced therapeutic options for the treatment of infections. Although direct contact with pigs is considered a risk factor for huma…
View article: A Comprehensive Sampling Study on SARS-CoV-2 Contamination of Air and Surfaces in a Large Meat Processing Plant Experiencing COVID-19 Clusters in June 2020
A Comprehensive Sampling Study on SARS-CoV-2 Contamination of Air and Surfaces in a Large Meat Processing Plant Experiencing COVID-19 Clusters in June 2020 Open
Objective We aimed to assess SARS-CoV-2 contamination of air and surfaces to gain insight into potential occupational exposure in a large meat processing plant experiencing COVID-19 clusters. Methods: Oro-nasopharyngeal SARS-CoV-2 screenin…
View article: Transmission of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) during animal transport
Transmission of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) during animal transport Open
The transmission of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) between food-producing animals (poultry, cattle and pigs) during short journeys (< 8 h) and long journeys (> 8 h) directed to other farms or to the slaughterhouse lairage (directly or with…
View article: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Air and on Surfaces in Rooms of Infected Nursing Home Residents
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in Air and on Surfaces in Rooms of Infected Nursing Home Residents Open
There is an ongoing debate on airborne transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as a risk factor for infection. In this study, the level of SARS-CoV-2 in air and on surfaces of SARS-CoV-2 infected nursin…
View article: SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in secondary school settings in the Netherlands during fall 2020; silent circulation
SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks in secondary school settings in the Netherlands during fall 2020; silent circulation Open
Background In fall 2020 when schools in the Netherlands operated under a limited set of COVID-19 measures, we conducted outbreaks studies in four secondary schools to gain insight in the level of school transmission and the role of SARS-Co…
View article: Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in air and on surfaces in rooms of infected nursing home residents
Detection of SARS-CoV-2 in air and on surfaces in rooms of infected nursing home residents Open
There is an ongoing debate on airborne transmission of Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) as a risk factor for infection. In this study, the level of SARS-CoV-2 in air and on surfaces of SARS-CoV-2 infected nursin…
View article: Potential environmental transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2 inside a large meat processing plant experiencing COVID-19 clusters
Potential environmental transmission routes of SARS-CoV-2 inside a large meat processing plant experiencing COVID-19 clusters Open
Worldwide exceptionally many COVID-19 clusters were observed in meat processing plants. Many contributing factors, promoting transmission, were suggested, including climate conditions in cooled production rooms favorable for environmental …
View article: Epidemiology of ESBL - About pigs and humans
Epidemiology of ESBL - About pigs and humans Open
Extended spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBL) are an emerging concern in public health. Transmission of ESBL from livestock to humans may occur through direct contact with livestock. This thesis focused on the presence of ESBL in pigs, the pig …
View article: Occupational Exposure and Carriage of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes (<i>tetW</i>, <i>ermB</i>) in Pig Slaughterhouse Workers
Occupational Exposure and Carriage of Antimicrobial Resistance Genes (<i>tetW</i>, <i>ermB</i>) in Pig Slaughterhouse Workers Open
Objectives Slaughterhouse staff is occupationally exposed to antimicrobial resistant bacteria. Studies reported high antimicrobial resistance gene (ARG) abundances in slaughter pigs. This cross-sectional study investigated occupational exp…
View article: Molecular relatedness of ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli from humans, animals, food and the environment: a pooled analysis
Molecular relatedness of ESBL/AmpC-producing Escherichia coli from humans, animals, food and the environment: a pooled analysis Open
Our 'One Health' approach provides an integrated evaluation of the molecular relatedness of ESBL/AmpC-EC from numerous sources. The analysis showed distinguishable ESBL/AmpC-EC transmission cycles in different hosts and failed to demonstra…