William M. Lee
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View article: Assessment of Hemophagocytic Lympho‐Histiocytosis (<scp>HLH</scp>) in the Setting of Adult Acute Liver Failure
Assessment of Hemophagocytic Lympho‐Histiocytosis (<span>HLH</span>) in the Setting of Adult Acute Liver Failure Open
Hemophagocytic lympho‐histiocytosis (HLH) is a life‐threatening disease, only occasionally presenting as acute liver failure (ALF) in adults. HLH is challenging to diagnose. We reviewed the ALF Study Group (ALFSG) registry for suspected HL…
View article: Hepatitis B Virus Variants and Cytokine Patterns in Acute Liver Failure and Transplant‐Free Survival
Hepatitis B Virus Variants and Cytokine Patterns in Acute Liver Failure and Transplant‐Free Survival Open
Background & Aims Only 25% of hepatitis B‐related acute liver failure (HBV‐ALF) patients survive without liver transplantation (transplant‐free survival, TFS). There is limited study of immunological and virological profiles in these patie…
View article: Novel Viral Sequences in a Patient with Cryptogenic Liver Cirrhosis Revealed by Serum Virome Sequencing
Novel Viral Sequences in a Patient with Cryptogenic Liver Cirrhosis Revealed by Serum Virome Sequencing Open
Clinical studies indicate the etiology of liver disease to be unknown in 5% to 30% of patients. A long-standing hypothesis is the existence of unknown viruses beyond hepatitis A through E virus. We conducted serum virome sequencing in nine…
View article: HBV-specific T-cell function is nonenhanced by tenofovir-induced decline in HBV viremia or HBsAg titer in chronic hepatitis B
HBV-specific T-cell function is nonenhanced by tenofovir-induced decline in HBV viremia or HBsAg titer in chronic hepatitis B Open
Background: Chronic hepatitis B is associated with virus-specific and global T-cell dysfunction. We hypothesized that therapeutic reduction in serum HBV DNA, ALT, and HBsAg would restore HBV-specific T-cell function and modify T-cell regul…
View article: Does Prior Bariatric Surgery Predispose to Acetaminophen-Related Acute Liver Failure?
Does Prior Bariatric Surgery Predispose to Acetaminophen-Related Acute Liver Failure? Open
INTRODUCTION: Prior small studies have suggested that patients with prior metabolic and bariatric surgery (MBS) may have increased susceptibility to acetaminophen (APAP)-related acute liver failure/acute liver injury (ALF/ALI). The aim of …
View article: The endothelial growth factor Angiopoietin-2 is an accurate prognostic biomarker in patients with acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure
The endothelial growth factor Angiopoietin-2 is an accurate prognostic biomarker in patients with acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure Open
Background and Aims Acetaminophen (APAP) overdose is the leading individual cause of acute liver failure (ALF) in the United States, with many patients rapidly progressing to hyperacute liver failure. While hepatocytes are the main target …
View article: Serum proteomics of adults with acute liver failure provides mechanistic insights and attractive prognostic biomarkers
Serum proteomics of adults with acute liver failure provides mechanistic insights and attractive prognostic biomarkers Open
Acute liver failure (ALF) is a sudden, and severe condition associated with high fatality. More sensitive and specific prognostic scores are urgently needed to facilitate decision-making regarding liver transplantation in patients with ALF…
View article: 18F-NaF PET/CT for early detection of osteoporosis in the lumbar spine: two case reports
18F-NaF PET/CT for early detection of osteoporosis in the lumbar spine: two case reports Open
Osteoporosis is a highly prevalent skeletal disease involving a pathophysiology of altered bone turnover. Positron emission tomography (PET)/computed tomography (CT) imaging with 18F-sodium fluoride (NaF) can visualize metabolic…
View article: Identification of Genetic Risk Factors Associated With Herbal and Dietary Supplement–Induced Acute Liver Failure Using Whole Exome Sequencing Analysis
Identification of Genetic Risk Factors Associated With Herbal and Dietary Supplement–Induced Acute Liver Failure Using Whole Exome Sequencing Analysis Open
Background and Aims: Herbal and dietary supplements (HDS) have been associated with liver injury and severe liver disease, including acute liver failure (ALF), collectively referred to as HDS-induced ALF (HDS-ALF). With the global increase…
View article: Oral LPCN 1148 improves sarcopenia and hepatic encephalopathy in male patients with cirrhosis: A randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial
Oral LPCN 1148 improves sarcopenia and hepatic encephalopathy in male patients with cirrhosis: A randomized, placebo-controlled phase 2 trial Open
Background and Aims: Sarcopenia is highly prevalent in patients with liver cirrhosis and is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including HE. Androgen receptor agonists, androgen receptor agonists, can address these conditions throu…
View article: Outcomes of patients with acute liver failure not listed for liver transplantation: A cohort analysis
Outcomes of patients with acute liver failure not listed for liver transplantation: A cohort analysis Open
Background: Acute liver failure (ALF) is a rare condition leading to morbidity and mortality. Liver transplantation (LT) is often required, but patients are not always listed for LT. There is a lack of data regarding outcomes in these pati…
View article: Clinical characteristics and <scp>HLA</scp> associations of azithromycin‐induced liver injury
Clinical characteristics and <span>HLA</span> associations of azithromycin‐induced liver injury Open
Summary Background Azithromycin (AZ) is a widely used antibiotic. The aim of this study was to characterise the clinical features, outcomes, and HLA association in patients with drug‐induced liver injury (DILI) due to AZ. Methods The clini…
View article: Low HBV knowledge is associated with low HBV vaccination uptake in general adult population despite incentivization of HBV vaccination
Low HBV knowledge is associated with low HBV vaccination uptake in general adult population despite incentivization of HBV vaccination Open
Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in Vietnamese adults remains low and unequally distributed. We conducted a study on HBV-naïve adults living in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, to determine barriers associated with HBV vaccination…
View article: Macrophage activation markers are associated with infection and mortality in patients with acute liver failure
Macrophage activation markers are associated with infection and mortality in patients with acute liver failure Open
Background and Aims Acute liver failure is a multisystem disorder with a high mortality and frequent need for emergency liver transplantation. Following massive innate immune system activation, soluble markers of macrophage activation are …
View article: Racial and ethnic disparities in alcohol-associated liver disease in the United States: A systematic review and meta-analysis
Racial and ethnic disparities in alcohol-associated liver disease in the United States: A systematic review and meta-analysis Open
Background: Alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD), encompassing alcohol-associated hepatitis and alcohol-associated cirrhosis, is rising in the United States. Racial and ethnic disparities are evident within ALD; however, the precise natu…
View article: Amiodarone and Dronedarone Causes Liver Injury with Distinctly Different Clinical Presentations
Amiodarone and Dronedarone Causes Liver Injury with Distinctly Different Clinical Presentations Open
View article: Repair of Complex Esophageal Atresia with Tracheobronchial Remnant using Special Magnets
Repair of Complex Esophageal Atresia with Tracheobronchial Remnant using Special Magnets Open
Esophageal atresia (EA) repair can be complicated by associated malformations such as a tracheobronchial remnant in the distal esophagus. We describe our experience with a patient found to have long-gap EA with a distal cartilaginous ring …
View article: Low HBV Knowledge is Associated with Low HBV Vaccination Uptake in General Adult Population Despite Incentivization of HBV Vaccination
Low HBV Knowledge is Associated with Low HBV Vaccination Uptake in General Adult Population Despite Incentivization of HBV Vaccination Open
Background. Hepatitis B virus (HBV) vaccination in Vietnamese adults remains low and unequally distributed. We conducted a study on HBV-naïve adults living in Ho Chi Minh City, Viet Nam, to determine barriers associated with HBV vaccinatio…
View article: The chemokine CXCL14 is a novel early prognostic biomarker for poor outcome in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure
The chemokine CXCL14 is a novel early prognostic biomarker for poor outcome in acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure Open
Background and Aims: Patients with acetaminophen-induced acute liver failure are more likely to die while on the liver transplant waiting list than those with other causes of acute liver failure. Therefore, there is an urgent need for prog…
View article: Indeterminate etiology of acute liver failure in North America: Less common, still grave prognosis
Indeterminate etiology of acute liver failure in North America: Less common, still grave prognosis Open
Background The etiology of acute liver failure (ALF) remains one of the most important factors in determining prognosis and predicting outcomes. In a significant proportion of ALF cases, however, the etiology remains unknown and is categor…
View article: Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Liver Transplantation for Alcohol-associated Liver Diseases in the United States
Racial and Ethnic Disparities in Liver Transplantation for Alcohol-associated Liver Diseases in the United States Open
Background. Emerging data suggest disparities exist in liver transplantation (LT) for alcohol-associated liver disease (ALD). As the incidence of ALD increases, we aimed to characterize recent trends in ALD LT frequency and outcomes, inclu…
View article: Future directions in acute liver failure
Future directions in acute liver failure Open
Acute liver failure (ALF) describes a clinical syndrome of rapid hepatocyte injury leading to liver failure manifested by coagulopathy and encephalopathy in the absence of pre-existing cirrhosis. The hallmark diagnostic features are a prol…
View article: Use of HBV RNA and to predict change in serological status and disease activity in CHB
Use of HBV RNA and to predict change in serological status and disease activity in CHB Open
Background and Aims: Predicting changes in disease activity and serological endpoints is necessary for the management of patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). We examined whether HBV RNA and hepatitis B core-related antigen (HBcrAg), tw…
View article: Racial Disparities in Treatment Initiation and Outcomes of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in North America
Racial Disparities in Treatment Initiation and Outcomes of Chronic Hepatitis B Virus Infection in North America Open
Importance Disparities in treatment initiation may affect outcomes, but data on racially diverse populations with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are limited. Objective To examine whether HBV treatment initiation and outcomes dif…
View article: Data from Failure Rates in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Process
Data from Failure Rates in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Process Open
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance is underutilized among patients with cirrhosis. Understanding which steps in the surveillance process are not being conducted is essential for designing effective interventions to improve surveil…
View article: Supplementary Table 1 from Failure Rates in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Process
Supplementary Table 1 from Failure Rates in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Process Open
DOC file, 30K, Definitions for Categories of Process Failures.
View article: Supplementary Figure 1 from Failure Rates in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Process
Supplementary Figure 1 from Failure Rates in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Process Open
PDF file, 64K, Study Population.
View article: Supplementary Table 1 from Failure Rates in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Process
Supplementary Table 1 from Failure Rates in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Process Open
DOC file, 30K, Definitions for Categories of Process Failures.
View article: Supplementary Figure 1 from Failure Rates in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Process
Supplementary Figure 1 from Failure Rates in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Process Open
PDF file, 64K, Study Population.
View article: Data from Failure Rates in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Process
Data from Failure Rates in the Hepatocellular Carcinoma Surveillance Process Open
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) surveillance is underutilized among patients with cirrhosis. Understanding which steps in the surveillance process are not being conducted is essential for designing effective interventions to improve surveil…