William P. Thurston
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View article: A framework for modelling desert locust population dynamics and large-scale dispersal
A framework for modelling desert locust population dynamics and large-scale dispersal Open
There is an urgent need for mathematical models that can be used to inform the deployment of surveillance, early warning and management systems for transboundary pest invasions. This is especially important for desert locust, one of the mo…
View article: Transmission pathways for the stem rust pathogen into Central and East Asia and the role of the alternate host, barberry
Transmission pathways for the stem rust pathogen into Central and East Asia and the role of the alternate host, barberry Open
After many decades of effective control of stem rust caused by the Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici, (hereafter Pgt) the reported emergence of race TTKSK/ Ug99 of Pgt in Uganda reignited concerns about epidemics worldwide because ∼90% of wo…
View article: Rotation distance using flows
Rotation distance using flows Open
Splay trees are a simple and efficient dynamic data structure, invented by Sleator and Tarjan. The basic primitive for transforming a binary tree in this scheme is a rotation. Sleator, Tarjan, and Thurston proved that the maximum rotation …
View article: Advancing crop disease early warning in South Asia by complementing expert surveys with internet media scraping
Advancing crop disease early warning in South Asia by complementing expert surveys with internet media scraping Open
Wheat contributes one‐fifth of the global food supply with an estimated 29% of global production in low and lower‐middle income countries. As production expands across southern Asia, yields are often negatively impacted by outbreaks of fun…
View article: Bayesian Inference for Multiple Datasets
Bayesian Inference for Multiple Datasets Open
Estimating parameters for multiple datasets can be time consuming, especially when the number of datasets is large. One solution is to sample from multiple datasets simultaneously using Bayesian methods such as adaptive multiple importance…
View article: Bayesian Inference for Multiple Datasets
Bayesian Inference for Multiple Datasets Open
Estimating parameters for multiple datasets can be time consuming, especially when the number of datasets is large. One solution is to sample from multiple datasets simultaneously using Bayesian methods such as adaptive multiple importance…
View article: 2. What Does a Mathematician Do? by William Thurston
2. What Does a Mathematician Do? by William Thurston Open
View article: Global warming and arctic terns: Estimating climate change impacts on the world's longest migration
Global warming and arctic terns: Estimating climate change impacts on the world's longest migration Open
Climate change is one of the top three global threats to seabirds, particularly species that visit polar regions. Arctic terns migrate between both polar regions annually and rely on productive marine areas to forage, on sea ice for rest a…
View article: A framework for modelling desert locust population dynamics and large-scale dispersal
A framework for modelling desert locust population dynamics and large-scale dispersal Open
As climate change leads to new areas being under threat from emerg-ing pests, there is increasing demand for approaches combining mechanistic models and geospatial information. Forecasting based on modelling can in-form surveillance, early…
View article: Three-Dimensional Visualization of Long-Range Atmospheric Transport of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests
Three-Dimensional Visualization of Long-Range Atmospheric Transport of Crop Pathogens and Insect Pests Open
Some of the most devastating crop diseases and insect pests can be transmitted by wind over extremely long distances. These low-probability but high-impact events can have severe consequences for crop production and food security by causin…
View article: Variety in responses of wintering oystercatchers<i>Haematopus ostralegus</i>to near‐collapse of their prey in the Exe Estuary,<scp>UK</scp>
Variety in responses of wintering oystercatchers<i>Haematopus ostralegus</i>to near‐collapse of their prey in the Exe Estuary,<span>UK</span> Open
Globally, habitat loss or degradation is a major threat to many species, and those with specific habitat requirements are particularly vulnerable. Many species of wading birds (Charadrii) are dependent upon intertidal sites to feed, but, a…
View article: Irrigation can create new green bridges that promote rapid intercontinental spread of the wheat stem rust pathogen
Irrigation can create new green bridges that promote rapid intercontinental spread of the wheat stem rust pathogen Open
Wheat stem rust epidemics caused by the obligate pathogenic fungus Puccinia graminis f.sp. tritici have historically driven severe yield losses on all wheat growing continents and, after many decades of control, stem rust is re-emerging as…
View article: A Qualitative Risk Assessment for Bluetongue Disease and African Horse Sickness: The Risk of Entry and Exposure at a UK Zoo
A Qualitative Risk Assessment for Bluetongue Disease and African Horse Sickness: The Risk of Entry and Exposure at a UK Zoo Open
Bluetongue virus (BTV) and African horse sickness virus (AHSV) cause economically important diseases that are currently exotic to the United Kingdom (UK), but have significant potential for introduction and onward transmission. Given the s…
View article: Foraging Behaviours of Breeding Arctic Terns Sterna paradisaea and the Impact of Local Weather and Fisheries
Foraging Behaviours of Breeding Arctic Terns Sterna paradisaea and the Impact of Local Weather and Fisheries Open
During the breeding season, seabirds are central place foragers and in order to successfully rear chicks they must adjust their foraging behaviours to compensate for extrinsic factors. When foraging, arctic terns Sterna paradisaea are rest…
View article: Degree-d-invariant Laminations
Degree-d-invariant Laminations Open
View article: Origin of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 8 Outbreak in Cyprus, September 2016
Origin of Bluetongue Virus Serotype 8 Outbreak in Cyprus, September 2016 Open
In September 2016, clinical signs, indicative of bluetongue, were observed in sheep in Cyprus. Bluetongue virus serotype 8 (BTV-8) was detected in sheep, indicating the first incursion of this serotype into Cyprus. Following virus propagat…
View article: Degree-d-invariant Laminations
Degree-d-invariant Laminations Open
Degree-d-invariant laminations of the disk model the dynamical action of a degree-d polynomial; such a lamination defines an equivalence relation on S 1 that corresponds to dynamical rays of an associated polynomial landing at the same mul…
View article: Bluetongue Disease Control in Northern Ireland During 2017 and 2018
Bluetongue Disease Control in Northern Ireland During 2017 and 2018 Open
Since the emergence of bluetongue virus in central and northern Europe in 2006, Northern Ireland's (NI) surveillance programme has evolved to include the use of risk assessments and simulation models to monitor the risk of bluetongue incur…
View article: An early warning system to predict and mitigate wheat rust diseases in Ethiopia
An early warning system to predict and mitigate wheat rust diseases in Ethiopia Open
Wheat rust diseases pose one of the greatest threats to global food security, including subsistence farmers in Ethiopia. The fungal spores transmitting wheat rust are dispersed by wind and can remain infectious after dispersal over long di…
View article: Degree-d-invariant laminations
Degree-d-invariant laminations Open
Degree-$d$-invariant laminations of the disk model the dynamical action of a degree-$d$ polynomial; such a lamination defines an equivalence relation on $S^1$ that corresponds to dynamical rays of an associated polynomial landing at the sa…
View article: Wheat rust early warning and advisory systems in Ethiopia
Wheat rust early warning and advisory systems in Ethiopia Open
View article: Geometry and the Imagination in Minneapolis
Geometry and the Imagination in Minneapolis Open
This document consists of the collection of handouts for a two-week summer workshop entitled 'Geometry and the Imagination', led by John Conway, Peter Doyle, Jane Gilman and Bill Thurston at the Geometry Center in Minneapolis, June 17-28, …
View article: Sexually Dimorphic Expression of Cone and Rod Opsins in the Zebrafish
Sexually Dimorphic Expression of Cone and Rod Opsins in the Zebrafish Open