Winnie Jensen
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View article: A convolutional neural network to distinguish between brain responses to non-noxious and noxious input of the same modality: what does the machine see that we do not see?
A convolutional neural network to distinguish between brain responses to non-noxious and noxious input of the same modality: what does the machine see that we do not see? Open
Background: Chronic pain affects approximately 20% of the population, with a higher prevalence in females, and presents significant diagnostic and treatment challenges. While opioids are commonly prescribed, they carry risks of addiction a…
View article: Pigs as a translational animal model for the study of peak alpha frequency
Pigs as a translational animal model for the study of peak alpha frequency Open
The most characteristic feature of the human electroencephalogram is the peak alpha frequency (PAF). While PAF has been proposed as a biomarker in several diseases and disorders, the disease mechanisms modulating PAF, as well as its physio…
View article: Comparison of Subdural and Intracortical Recordings of Somatosensory Evoked Responses
Comparison of Subdural and Intracortical Recordings of Somatosensory Evoked Responses Open
Micro-electrocorticography (µECoG) electrodes have emerged to balance the trade-off between invasiveness and signal quality in brain recordings. However, its large-scale applicability is still hindered by a lack of comparative studies asse…
View article: Spared ulnar nerve injury results in increased layer III–VI excitability in the pig somatosensory cortex
Spared ulnar nerve injury results in increased layer III–VI excitability in the pig somatosensory cortex Open
This study describes cortical recordings in a large animal nerve injury model. We investigated differences in primary somatosensory cortex (S1) hyperexcitability when stimulating injured and uninjured nerves and how different cortical laye…
View article: Reliability of a cranial window for chronic epidural recordings from the pig primary somatosensory cortex
Reliability of a cranial window for chronic epidural recordings from the pig primary somatosensory cortex Open
Chronically implanted microelectrodes face adverse biological responses and various kinds of device failure. To overcome these challenges, a cranial window was developed allowing repeated access to the primary somatosensory cortex (S1) of …
View article: Porcine Model of Cerebral Ischemic Stroke Utilizing Intracortical Recordings for the Continuous Monitoring of the Ischemic Area
Porcine Model of Cerebral Ischemic Stroke Utilizing Intracortical Recordings for the Continuous Monitoring of the Ischemic Area Open
Purpose: Our aim was to use intracortical recording to enable the tracking of ischemic infarct development over the first few critical hours of ischemia with a high time resolution in pigs. We employed electrophysiological measurements to …
View article: Non-Invasive Sensory Input Results in Changes in Non-Painful and Painful Sensations in Two Upper-Limb Amputees
Non-Invasive Sensory Input Results in Changes in Non-Painful and Painful Sensations in Two Upper-Limb Amputees Open
Designs of active prostheses attempt to compensate for various functional losses following amputation. Integration of sensory feedback with the functional control re-enables sensory interaction with the environment through the prosthetic. …
View article: Bringing sensation to prosthetic hands—chronic assessment of implanted thin-film electrodes in humans
Bringing sensation to prosthetic hands—chronic assessment of implanted thin-film electrodes in humans Open
Direct stimulation of peripheral nerves with implantable electrodes successfully provided sensory feedback to amputees while using hand prostheses. Longevity of the electrodes is key to success, which we have improved for the polyimide-bas…
View article: Morphology and morphometry of the ulnar nerve in the forelimb of pigs
Morphology and morphometry of the ulnar nerve in the forelimb of pigs Open
The knowledge of the morphology and morphometry of peripheral nerves is essential for developing neural interfaces and understanding nerve regeneration in basic and applied research. Currently, the most adopted animal model is the rat, eve…
View article: From pulse width modulated TENS to cortical modulation: based on EEG functional connectivity analysis
From pulse width modulated TENS to cortical modulation: based on EEG functional connectivity analysis Open
Modulation in the temporal pattern of transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS), such as Pulse width modulated (PWM), has been considered a new dimension in pain and neurorehabilitation therapy. Recently, the potentials of PWM TEN…
View article: Referred Sensation Areas in Bilateral Upper Limb Amputee
Referred Sensation Areas in Bilateral Upper Limb Amputee Open
Phantom limb pain (PLP) following amputation considerably reduces the quality of life, given a difficult to treat pain of highly variate profile. The loss of sensory input induces a complex pattern of neuroplastic changes of the sensory ne…
View article: On determining the mechanical nociceptive threshold in pigs: a reliability study
On determining the mechanical nociceptive threshold in pigs: a reliability study Open
Background A pressure algometer is a valuable tool for assessing the mechanical nociceptive threshold (MNT) in clinical pain studies. Recent research has turned to large animal models of pain because of the closer anatomy and physiology to…
View article: Modulation of Intracortical S1 Responses Following Peripheral Nerve High-Frequency Electrical Stimulation in Danish Landrace Pigs
Modulation of Intracortical S1 Responses Following Peripheral Nerve High-Frequency Electrical Stimulation in Danish Landrace Pigs Open
Long-term potentiation (LTP) has been extensively studied with rodents and human subjects to understand pain mechanisms. This phenomenon remains relatively less explored in pigs, even though pigs present a suitable translational model for …
View article: Spatio-Temporal Analysis of LTP-like Neuroplasticity in Pigs
Spatio-Temporal Analysis of LTP-like Neuroplasticity in Pigs Open
In our laboratory, we have recently established a large animal model of LTP-like pain and extracted cortical features as objective measurements of nociception. We have previ-ously reported an increase in the S1 cortical activity for both l…
View article: Alteration in Cortical Activity and Perceived Sensation Following Modulated TENS
Alteration in Cortical Activity and Perceived Sensation Following Modulated TENS Open
Over the last decades, conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been utilized as an efficient rehabilitation intervention for alleviation of chronic pain, including phantom limb pain (PLP). However, recently the …
View article: Geometric Characterization of Local Changes in Tungsten Microneedle Tips after In-Vivo Insertion into Peripheral Nerves
Geometric Characterization of Local Changes in Tungsten Microneedle Tips after In-Vivo Insertion into Peripheral Nerves Open
Peripheral neural interfaces are used to connect the peripheral nervous system to high-tech robotic devices and computer interfaces. Soft materials are nowadays used to build the main structural part of these interfaces because they are ab…
View article: Computerized “Psychophysical Testing Platform” to Control and Evaluate Multichannel Electrical Stimulation-Based Sensory Feedback
Computerized “Psychophysical Testing Platform” to Control and Evaluate Multichannel Electrical Stimulation-Based Sensory Feedback Open
Use of electrical stimulation through implanted neural interfaces makes it possible to selectively activate afferent neurons and provide natural sensory feedback. However, effective stimulation patterns for creating natural sensory feedbac…
View article: Direct Nerve Stimulation for Induction of Sensation and Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain
Direct Nerve Stimulation for Induction of Sensation and Treatment of Phantom Limb Pain Open
The amputation of a limb is a surgical intervention used as a last resort to remove irreparably damaged, diseased, or congenitally malformed limbs where retention of the limb is a threat to the well-being of the individual. The procedure t…
View article: Selectivity of the TIME Implantable Nerve Electrode
Selectivity of the TIME Implantable Nerve Electrode Open
For restoring the lost function of organs innervated by damaged peripheral nerves or to control a prosthesis substituting a lost organ, it is necessary to provide an array of electrodes with good capabilities for both stimulation and recor…
View article: A New Treatment for Phantom Limb Pain Based on Restoration of Somatosensory Feedback Through Intraneural Electrical Stimulation
A New Treatment for Phantom Limb Pain Based on Restoration of Somatosensory Feedback Through Intraneural Electrical Stimulation Open
Phantom limb pain (PLP) is a frequent consequence of amputation and can be defined as pain in a body part that is no longer present. Although phantom limb pain occurs in up to 85% of patients after amputation (Sherman and Sherman, 1983), t…
View article: Biocompatibility of the TIME Implantable Nerve Electrode
Biocompatibility of the TIME Implantable Nerve Electrode Open
A key component for the clinical applicability of neuroprostheses is the neural electrode, intended to bidirectionally exchange information with the nervous system, thus allowing recording of nerve signals and stimulation of nerves and mus…
View article: Introduction
Introduction Open
Amputation of a limb is a surgical intervention used as a last resort to remove irreparably damaged, diseased, or congenitally malformed limbs where retention of the limb is a threat to the well-being of the individual. The procedure traum…
View article: A Comparison of Delay-and-Add and Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Velocity-Selective Recording Using Multi-Electrode Cuffs
A Comparison of Delay-and-Add and Maximum Likelihood Estimation for Velocity-Selective Recording Using Multi-Electrode Cuffs Open
Extracting information from the peripheral nervous system with implantable devices remains a significant challenge that limits the advancement of closed-loop neural prostheses. Linear electrode arrays can record neural signals with both te…
View article: Gamma-band enhancement of functional brain connectivity following transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation
Gamma-band enhancement of functional brain connectivity following transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation Open
Objective. Transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been suggested as a possible non-invasive pain treatment. However, the underlying mechanism of the analgesic effect of TENS and how brain network functional connectivity (FC…
View article: Effect of Modulated TENS on Corticospinal Excitability in Healthy Subjects
Effect of Modulated TENS on Corticospinal Excitability in Healthy Subjects Open
Conventional transcutaneous electrical nerve stimulation (TENS) has been reported to effectively alleviate chronic pain, including phantom limb pain (PLP). Recently, literature has focused on modulated TENS patterns, such as pulse width mo…
View article: The Use of the Velocity Selective Recording Technique to Reveal the Excitation Properties of the Ulnar Nerve in Pigs
The Use of the Velocity Selective Recording Technique to Reveal the Excitation Properties of the Ulnar Nerve in Pigs Open
Decoding information from the peripheral nervous system via implantable neural interfaces remains a significant challenge, considerably limiting the advancement of neuromodulation and neuroprosthetic devices. The velocity selective recordi…