Klaus Winter
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Tidying up the small-leaved Clusia taxonomy: description of Clusia nanophylla (Clusiaceae), a new tree species from Panama and comments on its previously used names Open
Summary Clusia nanophylla (Clusiaceae), a new tree species from Panama, is described. The species has the smallest leaves recorded so far within the genus. Its staminate flowers have 17 or 18 free stamens and the pistillate flowers present…
Heat-induced F<sub>0</sub>-fluorescence rise is not an indicator of severe tissue necrosis in thermotolerance assays of young and mature leaves of a tropical tree species, Calophyllum inophyllum Open
In heating experiments with leaves, the temperature at which dark-level F0 chlorophyll a fluorescence begins to rise, Tcrit, is widely used as an indicator of photosystem II thermotolerance. However, little is known about how Tcrit correla…
View article: Data for Photosynthetic responses to temperature across the tropics: a meta-analytic approach
Data for Photosynthetic responses to temperature across the tropics: a meta-analytic approach Open
This data package contains raw data, data output, and code of photosynthetic temperature response curves from tropical forests. Data are used in "Photosynthetic responses to temperature across the tropics: a meta-analytic approach". The re…
View article: Photosynthetic responses to temperature across the tropics: a meta-analytic approach
Photosynthetic responses to temperature across the tropics: a meta-analytic approach Open
Background and Aims Tropical forests exchange more carbon dioxide (CO2) with the atmosphere than any other terrestrial biome. Yet, uncertainty in the projected carbon balance over the next century is roughly three times greater for the tro…
Crassulacean Acid Metabolism (CAM) Photosynthesis at Barro Colorado Island, Panama Open
Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis traditionally refers to the ability of plants to fix carbon dioxide (CO2) at night and to close the stomates for most of the day, thereby acquiring carbon at extremely low water cost. CAM i…
C<sub>4</sub> Photosynthesis at Barro Colorado Island, Panama Open
C4 photosynthesis is one of three metabolic pathways found in the photosynthetic tissues of vascular plants for assimilation of atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2). Like crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis, C4 photosynthesis has…
In thermotolerance tests of tropical tree leaves, the chlorophyll fluorescence parameter <i>F</i><sub>v</sub>/<i>F</i><sub>m</sub> measured soon after heat exposure is not a reliable predictor of tissue necrosis Open
Tropical rainforests are hot and may be particularly sensitive to ongoing anthropogenic global warming. This has led to increased interest in the thermotolerance of tropical trees. Thermotolerance of leaves of two tropical tree species, Te…
Vapor-pressure-deficit-controlled temperature response of photosynthesis in tropical trees Open
Rising temperatures can affect stomatal and nonstomatal control over photosynthesis, through stomatal closure in response to increasing vapor pressure deficit (VPD), and biochemical limitations, respectively. To explore the independent eff…
The stomatal response to vapor pressure deficit drives the apparent temperature response of photosynthesis in tropical forests Open
Summary As temperature rises, net carbon uptake in tropical forests decreases, but the underlying mechanisms are not well understood. High temperatures can limit photosynthesis directly, for example by reducing biochemical capacity, or ind…
Are tropical forests approaching critical temperature thresholds? Open
There is growing concern about the fate of tropical forests in the face of rising global temperatures. Doughty et al. (2023) suggest that an increase in air temperature beyond ∼4 °C will result in massive death of tropical forest leaves an…
Variation in stem bark conductance to water vapor in Neotropical plant species Open
Bark conductance to water vapor (g bark ) is an important determinant of drought tolerance in tropical plants. Examining species differences in bark conductance can provide useful information about the resilience of tropical trees to ongoi…
The CAM lineages of planet Earth Open
Background and Scope The growth of experimental studies of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in diverse plant clades, coupled with recent advances in molecular systematics, presents an opportunity to re-assess the phylogenetic distributio…
Forty years of research into crassulacean acid metabolism in the genus <i>Clusia</i>: anatomy, ecophysiology and evolution Open
Clusia is the only genus containing dicotyledonous trees with a capacity to perform crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM). Since the discovery of CAM in Clusia 40 years ago, several studies have highlighted the extraordinary plasticity and di…
Leaf vein density correlates with crassulacean acid metabolism, but not hydraulic capacitance, in the genus <i>Clusia</i> Open
Background and Aims Many succulent species are characterized by the presence of Crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) and/or elevated bulk hydraulic capacitance (CFT). Both CAM and elevated CFT substantially reduce the rate at which water mov…
Brief reflections on 50 years as a plant ecophysiologist Open
Scope: This paper is a short biographical sketch of my life as a plant ecophysiologist in which serendipity and outstanding collaborators have been key allies.
Plant water use theory should incorporate hypotheses about extreme environments, population ecology, and community ecology Open
Summary Plant water use theory has largely been developed within a plant‐performance paradigm that conceptualizes water use in terms of value for carbon gain and that sits within a neoclassical economic framework. This theory works very we…
Dissecting succulence: Crassulacean acid metabolism and hydraulic capacitance are independent adaptations in <i>Clusia</i> leaves Open
Succulence is found across the world as an adaptation to water‐limited niches. The fleshy organs of succulent plants develop via enlarged photosynthetic chlorenchyma and/or achlorophyllous water storage hydrenchyma cells. The precise mecha…
Evidence for phylogenetic signal and correlated evolution in plant–water relation traits Open
Summary Evolutionary relationships are likely to play a significant role in shaping plant physiological and structural traits observed in contemporary taxa. We review research on phylogenetic signal and correlated evolution in plant–water …
Exploring Xylem Anatomical Adaptations Associated with Crassulacean Acid Metabolism and Hydraulic Capacitance in <i>Clusia</i> Leaves: Lessons for CAM Bioengineering Open
• Background and Aims Many succulent species are characterised by the presence of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) and/or elevated bulk hydraulic capacitance (C FT ). Both CAM and elevated C FT substantially reduce the rate at which wate…
Updating the occurrence of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) in the genus Clusia through carbon isotope analysis of species from Colombia Open
Clusia is a widely distributed neotropical genus with 321 currently described species. This remarkable genus is the only one known to contain trees sensu stricto with CAM photosynthesis. To survey the occurrence of CAM in Clusia species fr…
Dissecting Succulence: Crassulacean Acid Metabolism and Hydraulic Capacitance are Independent Adaptations in <i>Clusia</i> Leaves Open
Summary Succulence is found across the world as an adaptation to water-limited niches. The fleshy organs of succulent plants develop via enlarged photosynthetic chlorenchyma and/or achlorophyllous water storage hydrenchyma cells. The preci…
<i>Corrigendum to</i> : Does the C4 plant <i>Trianthema portulacastrum</i> (Aizoaceae) exhibit weakly expressed crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM)? Open
We examined whether crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) is present in Trianthema portulacastrum L. (Aizoaceae), a pantropical, salt-tolerant C4 annual herb with atriplicoid-type Kranz anatomy in leaves but not in stems. The leaves of T. por…
CAM photosynthesis: the acid test Open
Summary There is currently considerable interest in the prospects for bioengineering crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) photosynthesis – or key elements associated with it, such as increased water‐use efficiency – into C 3 plants. Resolvin…
Large differences in leaf cuticle conductance and its temperature response among 24 tropical tree species from across a rainfall gradient Open
Summary More frequent droughts and rising temperatures pose serious threats to tropical forests. When stomata are closed under dry and hot conditions, plants lose water through leaf cuticles, but little is known about cuticle conductance (…
Diversity of CAM plant photosynthesis (crassulacean acid metabolism): a tribute to Barry Osmond Open
This special issue is a tribute to the Australian plant biologist Professor Charles Barry Osmond – Fellow of the Australian Academy of Sciences, the Royal Society of London, and Leopoldina, the German National Academy of Sciences – and his…
Leaf water δ18O reflects water vapour exchange and uptake by C3 and CAM epiphytic bromeliads in Panama Open
The distributions of CAM and C3 epiphytic bromeliads across an altitudinal gradient in western Panama were identified from carbon isotope (δ13C) signals, and epiphyte water balance was investigated via oxygen isotopes (δ18O) across wet and…
View article: Evolution of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) as an escape from ecological niche conservatism in Malagasy <i>Bulbophyllum</i> (Orchidaceae)
Evolution of crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM) as an escape from ecological niche conservatism in Malagasy <i>Bulbophyllum</i> (Orchidaceae) Open
Summary Despite growing evidence that niche shifts are more common in flowering plants than previously thought, little is known of whether such shifts are promoted by changes in photosynthetic pathways. Here we combine the most complete ph…
Photosynthetic parameters and nutrient content of trees at the Panama crane sites. Open
This data package contains leaf chemistry and photosynthetic traits data from trees within the NGEE Tropics Parque Natural Metropolitano (PA-PNM) and Bosque Protector San Lorenzo (PA-SLZ) sites in Panama. Photosynthetic parameters includin…
Low-level CAM photosynthesis in a succulent-leaved member of the Urticaceae, Pilea peperomioides Open
Pilea peperomioides Diels (Urticaceae) is a semi-succulent herbaceous species native to south-western China that has become popular in cultivation as an ornamental plant. To investigate whether this species possesses the capacity for CAM p…
Leaf heat tolerance of 147 tropical forest species varies with elevation and leaf functional traits, but not with phylogeny Open
Exceeding thermal thresholds causes irreversible damage and ultimately loss of leaves. The lowland tropics are among the warmest forested biomes, but little is known about heat tolerance of tropical forest species. We surveyed leaf heat to…