Xiang I. A. Yang
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View article: Addressing Grid Convergence and Log-Layer Mismatch in Wall Modeled Large Eddy Simulations of Geophysical Flows Over Rough Surfaces and Canopies
Addressing Grid Convergence and Log-Layer Mismatch in Wall Modeled Large Eddy Simulations of Geophysical Flows Over Rough Surfaces and Canopies Open
Wall modeled large eddy simulations are the primary scale-resolving method used to investigate boundary layer meteorology. Wall models are used to parameterize momentum, heat, and other exchanges at the surface to achieve computationally e…
View article: A generalisable data-augmented turbulence model with progressive and interpretable corrections for incompressible wall-bounded flows
A generalisable data-augmented turbulence model with progressive and interpretable corrections for incompressible wall-bounded flows Open
The integration of interpretability and generalisability in data-driven turbulence modelling remains a fundamental challenge for computational fluid dynamics applications. This study yields a generalisable advancement of the k-ω Shear Stre…
View article: A distributed element roughness model for generalized surface morphologies
A distributed element roughness model for generalized surface morphologies Open
View article: Large Language Model Driven Development of Turbulence Models
Large Language Model Driven Development of Turbulence Models Open
Artificial intelligence (AI) has achieved human-level performance in specialized tasks such as Go, image recognition, and protein folding, raising the prospect of an AI singularity-where machines not only match but surpass human reasoning.…
View article: Budget analysis of Reynolds stresses in temporally evolving stratified wakes
Budget analysis of Reynolds stresses in temporally evolving stratified wakes Open
This paper presents detailed analyses of the Reynolds stresses and their budgets in temporally evolving stratified wakes using direct numerical simulation. Ensemble averaging is employed to mitigate statistical errors in the data, and the …
View article: A generalisable data-augmented turbulence model with progressive and interpretable corrections for incompressible wall-bounded flows
A generalisable data-augmented turbulence model with progressive and interpretable corrections for incompressible wall-bounded flows Open
The integration of interpretability and generalisability in data-driven turbulence modelling remains a fundamental challenge for computational fluid dynamics applications. This study yields a generalisable advancement of the $k$-$ω$ Shear …
View article: Wall-modeled large-eddy simulation of turbulent smooth body separation using the OpenFOAM flow solver
Wall-modeled large-eddy simulation of turbulent smooth body separation using the OpenFOAM flow solver Open
This work investigates the current wall-modeled large-eddy simulation (WMLES) capabilities of the open-source computational fluid dynamics solver OpenFOAM, which is used widely in academia and industry. This is achieved by a simulation cam…
View article: Decoupling first-cycle capacity loss mechanisms in sulfide solid-state batteries
Decoupling first-cycle capacity loss mechanisms in sulfide solid-state batteries Open
Quantified capacity loss mechanisms via atypically low voltages reveals solid electrolyte oxidation reversibility and surprisingly high first-cycle coulombic efficiency.
View article: Rough surfaces in underexplored surface morphology space and their implications on roughness modelling
Rough surfaces in underexplored surface morphology space and their implications on roughness modelling Open
We report direct numerical simulations results of the rough-wall channel, focusing on roughness with high $k_{rms}/k_a$ statistics but small to negative $Sk$ statistics, and we study the implications of this new dataset on rough-wall model…
View article: Decoupling First-Cycle Capacity Loss Mechanisms in Sulfide Solid-State Batteries
Decoupling First-Cycle Capacity Loss Mechanisms in Sulfide Solid-State Batteries Open
Solid-state batteries (SSBs) promise more energy-dense storage than liquid electrolyte lithium ion batteries (LIBs). However, first-cycle capacity loss is higher in SSBs than in LIBs due to interfacial reactions. The chemical evolution of …
View article: Rough surfaces in under-explored surface morphology space and their implications on roughness modelling
Rough surfaces in under-explored surface morphology space and their implications on roughness modelling Open
We report direct numerical simulation (DNS) results of the rough-wall channel, focusing on roughness with high $k_{rms}/k_a$ statistics but small to negative $Sk$ statistics, and we study the implications of this new dataset on rough-wall …
View article: Predictive near-wall modelling for turbulent boundary layers with arbitrary pressure gradients
Predictive near-wall modelling for turbulent boundary layers with arbitrary pressure gradients Open
The mean flow in a turbulent boundary layer (TBL) deviates from the canonical law of the wall (LoW) when influenced by a pressure gradient. Consequently, LoW-based near-wall treatments are inadequate for such flows. Chen et al. ( J. Fluid …
View article: Robust experimental data assimilation for the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model
Robust experimental data assimilation for the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model Open
The presented methodology fuses computational models with experimental data to enhance the Spalart-Allmaras (SA) turbulence model for Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations. By leveraging the Ensemble Kalman filtering approach (EnKF), t…
View article: One-Equation, Two-Equation and Full Reynolds Stress Turbulence Modeling of the BeVERLI Hill Configuration
One-Equation, Two-Equation and Full Reynolds Stress Turbulence Modeling of the BeVERLI Hill Configuration Open
The BeVERLI Hill configuration has been studied using steady RANS at several tunnel orientations and Reynolds numbers. We report results using a sequence of (supplied) meshes, and five different RANS turbulence models: the standard Spalart…
View article: Effect of Blade Thickening Law on the Internal Flow Field and Hydraulic Performance of Double Suction Pumps for Yellow River Pumping
Effect of Blade Thickening Law on the Internal Flow Field and Hydraulic Performance of Double Suction Pumps for Yellow River Pumping Open
The thickness of the blades is a fundamental parameter of the impeller and has a substantial impact on the performance of the pump. With the other geometric parameters of a centrifugal pump fixed, six kinds of impellers with different blad…
View article: Integral methods for friction decomposition and their extensions to rough-wall flows
Integral methods for friction decomposition and their extensions to rough-wall flows Open
A primary objective of integral methods, such as the momentum integral method, is to discern the physical processes contributing to skin friction. These methods encompass the momentum, kinetic energy and angular momentum integrals. This pa…
View article: Computational Fluid Dynamics: its Carbon Footprint and Role in Carbon Emission Reduction
Computational Fluid Dynamics: its Carbon Footprint and Role in Carbon Emission Reduction Open
Turbulent flow physics regulates the aerodynamic properties of lifting surfaces, the thermodynamic efficiency of vapor power systems, and exchanges of natural and anthropogenic quantities between the atmosphere and ocean, to name just a fe…
View article: Constrained re-calibration of two-equation Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes models
Constrained re-calibration of two-equation Reynolds-averaged Navier–Stokes models Open
Machine-learned augmentations to turbulence models can be advantageous for flows within the training dataset but can often cause harm outside. This lack of generalizability arises because the constants (as well as the functions) in a Reyno…
View article: Direct numerical simulation of temporally evolving stratified wakes with ensemble average
Direct numerical simulation of temporally evolving stratified wakes with ensemble average Open
Direct numerical simulations are conducted for temporally evolving stratified wake flows at Reynolds numbers from $10\,000$ to $50\,000$ and Froude numbers from $2$ to 50. Unlike previous studies that obtained statistics from a single real…
View article: A Distributed Element Roughness Model for Generalized Surface Morphologies
A Distributed Element Roughness Model for Generalized Surface Morphologies Open
View article: Extension of the law of the wall exploiting weak similarity of velocity fluctuations in turbulent channels
Extension of the law of the wall exploiting weak similarity of velocity fluctuations in turbulent channels Open
This paper explores the similarity of the streamwise velocity fluctuations in turbulent channels. In the analysis, we employ a one-dimensional scalar variant of the proper orthogonal decomposition (POD). This approach naturally motivates t…
View article: An Investigation of LES Wall Modeling for Rayleigh–Bénard Convection via Interpretable and Physics-Aware Feedforward Neural Networks with DNS
An Investigation of LES Wall Modeling for Rayleigh–Bénard Convection via Interpretable and Physics-Aware Feedforward Neural Networks with DNS Open
The traditional approach of using the Monin–Obukhov similarity theory (MOST) to model near-surface processes in large-eddy simulations (LESs) can lead to significant errors in natural convection. In this study, we propose an alternative ap…
View article: Progressive augmentation of Reynolds stress tensor models for secondary flow prediction by computational fluid dynamics driven surrogate optimisation
Progressive augmentation of Reynolds stress tensor models for secondary flow prediction by computational fluid dynamics driven surrogate optimisation Open
Generalisability and the consistency of the a posteriori results are the most critical points of view regarding data-driven turbulence models. This study presents a progressive improvement of turbulence models using simulation-driven Bayes…
View article: Incorporating basic calibrations in existing machine-learned turbulence modeling
Incorporating basic calibrations in existing machine-learned turbulence modeling Open
This work aims to incorporate basic calibrations of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) models as part of machine learning (ML) frameworks. The ML frameworks considered are tensor-basis neural network (TBNN), physics-informed machine le…
View article: A priori screening of data-enabled turbulence models
A priori screening of data-enabled turbulence models Open
Assessing the compliance of a white-box turbulence model with known turbulent knowledge is straightforward. It enables users to screen conventional turbulence models and identify apparent inadequacies, thereby allowing for a more focused a…
View article: Large-eddy simulation of separated flows on unconventionally coarse grids
Large-eddy simulation of separated flows on unconventionally coarse grids Open
We examine and benchmark the emerging idea of applying the large-eddy simulation (LES) formalism to unconventionally coarse grids where RANS would be considered more appropriate at first glance. We distinguish this idea from very-large-edd…
View article: Constrained re-calibration of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes models
Constrained re-calibration of Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes models Open
The constants and functions in Reynolds-averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) turbulence models are coupled. Consequently, modifications of a RANS model often negatively impact its basic calibrations, which is why machine-learned augmentations are…
View article: Asymmetric secondary flows above geometrically symmetric surface roughness
Asymmetric secondary flows above geometrically symmetric surface roughness Open
The mean flow behaviour of a turbulent boundary layer over rough walls is expected to exhibit symmetries that govern the flow dynamics. In particular, when roughness elements are arranged in a spanwise symmetric manner, the mean flow above…
View article: A universal velocity transformation for boundary layers with pressure gradients
A universal velocity transformation for boundary layers with pressure gradients Open
The logarithmic law of the wall does not capture the mean flow when a boundary layer is subjected to a strong pressure gradient. In such a boundary layer, the mean flow is affected by the spatio-temporal history of the imposed pressure gra…
View article: Progressive augmentation of Reynolds stress tensor models for secondary flow prediction by computational fluid dynamics driven surrogate optimisation
Progressive augmentation of Reynolds stress tensor models for secondary flow prediction by computational fluid dynamics driven surrogate optimisation Open
Generalisability and the consistency of the a posteriori results are the most critical points of view regarding data-driven turbulence models. This study presents a progressive improvement of turbulence models using simulation-driven surro…