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View article: Gut microbiota involvement in the alteration of inflammatory cell infiltration and gut barrier integrity in liver cirrhosis
Gut microbiota involvement in the alteration of inflammatory cell infiltration and gut barrier integrity in liver cirrhosis Open
The gut microbiota is essential for the development and regulation of the immune and intestinal homeostasis of the host. The present study aimed to investigate the composition, diversity and functional features of the microbiota in patient…
View article: Brain white matter development in 8-year-old children is associated with maternal mental health during pregnancy
Brain white matter development in 8-year-old children is associated with maternal mental health during pregnancy Open
Background Maternal mental health during pregnancy can influence fetal brain development, yet its long-term effects remain unclear. This study investigates the association between prenatal maternal depression and anxiety symptoms and white…
View article: Functional Connectivity to the Amygdala in the Neonate Is Impacted by the Maternal Anxiety Level During Pregnancy
Functional Connectivity to the Amygdala in the Neonate Is Impacted by the Maternal Anxiety Level During Pregnancy Open
Background and Purpose Anxiety during pregnancy is common, and exposure to heightened anxiety during pregnancy may influence children's brain development and functioning. However, it is unclear if exposure to low levels of anxiety in utero…
View article: White matter functional networks in the developing brain
White matter functional networks in the developing brain Open
Background Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is widely used to depict neural activity and understand human brain function. Studies show that functional networks in gray matter undergo complex transformations from neonatal age to…
View article: Maternal Nutrition during Pregnancy and Offspring Brain Development: Insights from Neuroimaging
Maternal Nutrition during Pregnancy and Offspring Brain Development: Insights from Neuroimaging Open
Maternal nutrition during pregnancy is known to be important for offspring growth and health and has also been increasingly recognized for shaping offspring brain development. On the other hand, recent advancements in brain imaging technol…
View article: Quantifying brain development in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study: The magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy protocol
Quantifying brain development in the HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study: The magnetic resonance imaging and spectroscopy protocol Open
The HEALthy Brain and Child Development (HBCD) Study, a multi-site prospective longitudinal cohort study, will examine human brain, cognitive, behavioral, social, and emotional development beginning prenatally and planned through early chi…
View article: Diagnostic Accuracy of Transient Elastography in Hepatosteatosis in Youth With Obesity
Diagnostic Accuracy of Transient Elastography in Hepatosteatosis in Youth With Obesity Open
Context Steatotic liver disease is common but overlooked in childhood obesity; diagnostic methods are invasive or expensive. Objective We sought to determine the diagnostic accuracy of vibration-controlled transient elastography (VCTE) com…
View article: A Prospective Multi-Institutional Study Comparing the Brain Development in the Third Trimester between Opioid-Exposed and Nonexposed Fetuses Using Advanced Fetal MR Imaging Techniques
A Prospective Multi-Institutional Study Comparing the Brain Development in the Third Trimester between Opioid-Exposed and Nonexposed Fetuses Using Advanced Fetal MR Imaging Techniques Open
In this small cohort, prenatal opioid exposure was associated with altered fetal brain development in the third trimester. This adds to the growing body of literature demonstrating that prenatal opioid exposure affects the developing brain.
View article: Maternal Diet Quality during Pregnancy Is Associated with Neonatal Brain White Matter Development
Maternal Diet Quality during Pregnancy Is Associated with Neonatal Brain White Matter Development Open
Maternal diet and nutrient intake are important for fetal growth and development. In this study, we aim to evaluate whether there are associations between maternal diet quality and the offspring’s brain white matter development. Healthy pr…
View article: Effects of short‐term supervised exercise training on liver fat in adolescents with obesity: a randomized controlled trial
Effects of short‐term supervised exercise training on liver fat in adolescents with obesity: a randomized controlled trial Open
Objective The objective of this study was to quantify the effects of a 4‐week, supervised, high‐intensity interval training (HIIT) on intrahepatic triglyceride content (IHTG, percentage), cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF), and cardiometaboli…
View article: DTI of Opioid-Exposed Fetuses Using ComBat Harmonization: A Bi-Institutional Study
DTI of Opioid-Exposed Fetuses Using ComBat Harmonization: A Bi-Institutional Study Open
Our data demonstrate initial evidence of cerebral WM microstructural differences between opioid-exposed fetuses and unexposed controls. Further studies in larger patient populations will be needed to fully understand these findings.
View article: Associations between mother’s depressive symptoms during pregnancy and newborn’s brain functional connectivity
Associations between mother’s depressive symptoms during pregnancy and newborn’s brain functional connectivity Open
Depression during pregnancy is common and the prevalence further increased during the COVID pandemic. Recent findings have shown potential impact of antenatal depression on children’s neurodevelopment and behavior, but the underlying mecha…
View article: Mother’s physical activity during pregnancy and newborn’s brain cortical development
Mother’s physical activity during pregnancy and newborn’s brain cortical development Open
Background Physical activity is known to improve mental health, and is regarded as safe and desirable for uncomplicated pregnancy. In this novel study, we aim to evaluate whether there are associations between maternal physical activity du…
View article: MRI Findings in Third-Trimester Opioid-Exposed Fetuses, With Focus on Brain Measurements: A Prospective Multicenter Case-Control Study
MRI Findings in Third-Trimester Opioid-Exposed Fetuses, With Focus on Brain Measurements: A Prospective Multicenter Case-Control Study Open
BACKGROUND. The opioid epidemic has profoundly affected infants born in the United States, as in utero opioid exposure increases the risk of cognitive and behavioral problems in childhood. Scarce literature has evaluated prenatal brain dev…
View article: Mother’s physical activity during pregnancy and newborn’s brain cortical development
Mother’s physical activity during pregnancy and newborn’s brain cortical development Open
Background Physical activity is known to improve mental health, and is regarded as safe and desirable for uncomplicated pregnancy. In this novel study, we aim to evaluate whether there are associations between maternal physical activity du…
View article: C‐section increases cecal abundance of the archetypal bile acid and glucocorticoid modifying <i>Lachnoclostridium [clostridium] scindens</i> in mice
C‐section increases cecal abundance of the archetypal bile acid and glucocorticoid modifying <i>Lachnoclostridium [clostridium] scindens</i> in mice Open
In humans and animal models, Cesarean section (C-section) has been associated with alterations in the taxonomic structure of the gut microbiome. These changes in microbiota populations are hypothesized to impact immune, metabolic, and beha…
View article: Circulating microRNAs Are Associated With Metabolic Markers in Adolescents With Hepatosteatosis
Circulating microRNAs Are Associated With Metabolic Markers in Adolescents With Hepatosteatosis Open
Background Altered hepatic microRNA (miRNA) expression may play a role in the development of insulin resistance (IR) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Circulating miRNAs could mirror the liver metabolism. Objective This study …
View article: Associations Between White Matter Microstructures and Cognitive Functioning in 8-Year-Old Children: A Track-Weighted Imaging Study
Associations Between White Matter Microstructures and Cognitive Functioning in 8-Year-Old Children: A Track-Weighted Imaging Study Open
Purpose Quantitative tractography using diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging data is widely used in characterizing white matter microstructure throughout childhood, but more studies are still needed to investigate comprehensive br…
View article: Track-weighted imaging analysis of white matter microstructures in healthy children: Sex and hemispheric differences
Track-weighted imaging analysis of white matter microstructures in healthy children: Sex and hemispheric differences Open
Structural substrates of sex differences in human function and behavior have been elucidated in previous studies. Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging (DW-MRI) is a widely used non-invasive imaging technique in studying human brai…
View article: Associations between Cortical Asymmetry and Domain Specific Cognitive Functions in Healthy Children
Associations between Cortical Asymmetry and Domain Specific Cognitive Functions in Healthy Children Open
Cortical asymmetry and functional lateralization form intriguing and fundamental features of human brain organization, and is complicated by individual differences and evolvement with age. While many studies have investigated neuroanatomic…
View article: Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 to Adiponectin Ratio: A Potential Biomarker to Monitor Liver Fat in Children With Obesity
Fibroblast Growth Factor-21 to Adiponectin Ratio: A Potential Biomarker to Monitor Liver Fat in Children With Obesity Open
Background: There is a pressing need for effective and non-invasive biomarkers to track intrahepatic triglyceride (IHTG) in children at-risk for non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), as standard-of-care reference tools, liver biopsy a…
View article: Maternal Anxiety and Depression during Late Pregnancy and Newborn Brain White Matter Development
Maternal Anxiety and Depression during Late Pregnancy and Newborn Brain White Matter Development Open
Higher maternal anxiety and depression symptom scores during late pregnancy were associated with lower estimated infant brain WM development, which indicated in utero influences of maternal mental health during pregnancy on the developing …
View article: Cortical Morphometry is Associated with Neuropsychological Function in Healthy 8‐Year‐Old Children
Cortical Morphometry is Associated with Neuropsychological Function in Healthy 8‐Year‐Old Children Open
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE Cortical development is essential for children's neurocognition. In this study, we evaluated how variations in cortical morphometry in normal children are associated with outcome differences in multiple domains of co…
View article: Brain Cortical Structure and Executive Function in Children May Be Influenced by Parental Choices of Infant Diets
Brain Cortical Structure and Executive Function in Children May Be Influenced by Parental Choices of Infant Diets Open
Choices of infant diets (ie, breastfed, milk formula fed, soy formula fed) may have long-term and sex-specific effects on the cortical development and executive function and behavior of children's brains.
View article: Diffusion Tensor MRI of White Matter of Healthy Full-term Newborns: Relationship to Neurodevelopmental Outcomes
Diffusion Tensor MRI of White Matter of Healthy Full-term Newborns: Relationship to Neurodevelopmental Outcomes Open
Background It is well known that white matter injuries observed at birth are associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes later in life. Whether white matter developmental variations in healthy newborns are also associated with chan…