J. Zachary Porterfield
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View article: Knowledge, Beliefs, and Treatment Practices for Otitis Media in Malawi: A Community-Based Assessment
Knowledge, Beliefs, and Treatment Practices for Otitis Media in Malawi: A Community-Based Assessment Open
Background: Hearing-related disease is a significant cause of disability worldwide. In resource-limited settings, prevention and early detection are critical for preventing severe disease. Understanding what a population knows and believes…
View article: Knowledge, Beliefs, and Treatment Practices for Otitis Media in Malawi: A Community-Based Assessment
Knowledge, Beliefs, and Treatment Practices for Otitis Media in Malawi: A Community-Based Assessment Open
Background: Hearing-related disease is a significant cause of disability worldwide. In resource-limited settings, prevention and early detection are critical for preventing severe disease. Understanding what a population knows and believes…
View article: Unfolded von Willebrand factor binds protein S and reduces anticoagulant activity
Unfolded von Willebrand factor binds protein S and reduces anticoagulant activity Open
View article: Fixed dose daptomycin: An opportunity for pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic optimization in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> infections
Fixed dose daptomycin: An opportunity for pharmacokinetic/pharmacodynamic optimization in <i>Staphylococcus aureus</i> infections Open
Background Daptomycin is a high‐use intravenous antimicrobial agent affording the convenience of once‐daily dosing. Prior studies suggest an opportunity to use a more operationally convenient fixed rather than weight‐based dosing but this …
View article: Unfolded Von Willebrand Factor Binds Protein S and Reduces Anticoagulant Activity
Unfolded Von Willebrand Factor Binds Protein S and Reduces Anticoagulant Activity Open
Protein S (PS), the critical plasma cofactor for the anticoagulants tissue factor (TF) pathway inhibitor (TFPI) and activated protein C (APC), circulates in two functionally distinct pools: free (anticoagulant) or bound to complement compo…
View article: Efficacy of 24 hours versus 5 days of prophylactic antibiotics for the prevention of surgical site infection in outpatient elective facial plastic surgery
Efficacy of 24 hours versus 5 days of prophylactic antibiotics for the prevention of surgical site infection in outpatient elective facial plastic surgery Open
The results show that decreasing the duration of antibiotics was not associated with an increased risk of postoperative infection. Given that antibiotics are an increasingly precious commodity with rising rates of resistance, this study su…
View article: Hearing Health Awareness and the Need for Educational Outreach Amongst Teachers in Malawi
Hearing Health Awareness and the Need for Educational Outreach Amongst Teachers in Malawi Open
Malawi, as a low-income country in southeastern Africa, severely lacks early identification, diagnosis and intervention measures for hearing loss. Due to its constrained resources, an educational awareness campaign targeted at professional…
View article: Extranodal Extension Improves <scp>AJCC</scp>‐8 Accuracy in <scp>HPV</scp>+ Oropharyngeal Cancer in a <scp>High‐Risk</scp> Population
Extranodal Extension Improves <span>AJCC</span>‐8 Accuracy in <span>HPV</span>+ Oropharyngeal Cancer in a <span>High‐Risk</span> Population Open
Objectives The American Joint Committee on Cancer's 8th edition (AJCC‐8) separates oropharyngeal squamous cell carcinomas (OPSCCs) into human papillomavirus‐positive (HPV+) tumors and HPV‐negative tumors. Although AJCC‐8 improves prognosti…
View article: Deep learning, 3D ultrastructural analysis reveals quantitative differences in platelet and organelle packing in COVID-19/SARSCoV2 patient-derived platelets
Deep learning, 3D ultrastructural analysis reveals quantitative differences in platelet and organelle packing in COVID-19/SARSCoV2 patient-derived platelets Open
Platelets contribute to COVID-19 clinical manifestations, of which microclotting in the pulmonary vasculature has been a prominent symptom. To investigate the potential diagnostic contributions of overall platelet morphology and their α-gr…
View article: HIV specific CD8+ TRM-like cells in tonsils express exhaustive signatures in the absence of natural HIV control
HIV specific CD8+ TRM-like cells in tonsils express exhaustive signatures in the absence of natural HIV control Open
Lymphoid tissues are an important HIV reservoir site that persists in the face of antiretroviral therapy and natural immunity. Targeting these reservoirs by harnessing the antiviral activity of local tissue-resident memory (T RM ) CD8 + T-…
View article: Appropriateness of antibiotic use in patients with and without altered mental status diagnosed with a urinary tract infection
Appropriateness of antibiotic use in patients with and without altered mental status diagnosed with a urinary tract infection Open
Objective: The objective of this study was to determine antibiotic appropriateness based on Loeb minimum criteria (LMC) in patients with and without altered mental status (AMS). Design: Retrospective, quasi-experimental study assessing poo…
View article: HIV-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cells in tonsils express exhaustive T<sub>RM</sub>-like signatures
HIV-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T-cells in tonsils express exhaustive T<sub>RM</sub>-like signatures Open
Lymphoid tissues are an important HIV reservoir site that persists in the face of antiretroviral therapy and natural immunity. Targeting these reservoirs by harnessing the antiviral activity of local tissue resident memory ( T RM ) CD8 + T…
View article: 447. An Ordinal Scale Assessing SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patient Outcomes Using Electronic Health Records
447. An Ordinal Scale Assessing SARS-CoV-2 Infected Patient Outcomes Using Electronic Health Records Open
Background A major challenge to identifying effective treatments for COVID-19 has been the conflicting results offered by small, often underpowered clinical trials. The World Health Organization (WHO) Ordinal Scale (OS) has been used to me…
View article: Going Global: Interest in Global Health Among US Otolaryngology Residents
Going Global: Interest in Global Health Among US Otolaryngology Residents Open
Participation in bilateral and equitable international electives is a unique experience of personal and professional growth. There is an interest in these opportunities during residency training among Otolaryngology residents that is not r…
View article: #36: A Review of Maternal and Neonatal Characteristics and Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Serious Infectious Complications from Injection Drug Use
#36: A Review of Maternal and Neonatal Characteristics and Outcomes in Pregnant Women with Serious Infectious Complications from Injection Drug Use Open
Background Pregnant people who inject drugs (PWID) and their infants are unique populations that have emerged from the opioid epidemic. Numerous studies have evaluated vertical transmission of HIV, HCV, sequelae of neonatal abstinence synd…
View article: Assessing the Effectiveness of Cancer Screening Interventions Targeting Appalachian Populations: A Systematic Review
Assessing the Effectiveness of Cancer Screening Interventions Targeting Appalachian Populations: A Systematic Review Open
Purpose Appalachian residents have higher cancer prevalence and invasive cancer incidence in almost all cancer types relative to non‐Appalachian residents. Public health interventions have been carried out to increase preventive cancer scr…
View article: Inflammation Drives Coagulopathies in Sars-Cov-2 Patients
Inflammation Drives Coagulopathies in Sars-Cov-2 Patients Open
Background:A hypercoagulable state has been consistently reported in patients with severe Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19), caused by Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), characterized by elevated D-dimer, prolo…
View article: 910. A Comprehensive, One Year, Hospital-Wide Snapshot of All Serious Infectious Complications in People Who Inject Drugs
910. A Comprehensive, One Year, Hospital-Wide Snapshot of All Serious Infectious Complications in People Who Inject Drugs Open
Background There has been a dramatic rise in IV drug use (IVDU) and its associated mortality and morbidity, however, the scope of this effect has not been described. Kentucky is at the epicenter of this epidemic and is an ideal place to be…
View article: 695. Infective endocarditis in people who inject drugs (PWID) at UK Medical Center
695. Infective endocarditis in people who inject drugs (PWID) at UK Medical Center Open
Background The Intravenous Drug Use (IVDU) epidemic has been developing into a public health crisis in the last twenty years. As a result, the incidence of severe bacterial infections such as infective endocarditis (IE) has been rising dra…
View article: 83. A Descriptive Analysis of a Multi-disciplinary Approach to Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Within an Infectious Diseases Clinic
83. A Descriptive Analysis of a Multi-disciplinary Approach to Opioid Use Disorder Treatment Within an Infectious Diseases Clinic Open
Background Opioid overdose is the leading cause of injury-related death in the US. Kentucky ranks in the top 5 states for opioid overdose deaths. The rate of injection drug use-associated infections (IDU-AI) has risen; the University of Ke…
View article: 1661. The association of spirometric impairment and history of TB: a population based study in Uganda
1661. The association of spirometric impairment and history of TB: a population based study in Uganda Open
Background Pulmonary tuberculosis (TB) is the leading infectious cause of death globally with an estimated 1.7 billion people currently infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and at risk of developing TB. While the treatment of drug-susc…
View article: Cell Cycle Regulation in Macrophages and Susceptibility to HIV-1
Cell Cycle Regulation in Macrophages and Susceptibility to HIV-1 Open
Macrophages are the first line of defence against invading pathogens. They play a crucial role in immunity but also in regeneration and homeostasis. Their remarkable plasticity in their phenotypes and function provides them with the abilit…
View article: 1326. Comorbid Mental Health Disorders Are a Key But Manageable Barrier to Suppression of HIV Viral Load
1326. Comorbid Mental Health Disorders Are a Key But Manageable Barrier to Suppression of HIV Viral Load Open
Background Kentucky sits at the epicenter of the HIV epidemic in the United States and harbors 54 of the top 220 HIV/HCV outbreak vulnerable counties in the United States; 44 of which are served by the Bluegrass Care Clinic at the Universi…
View article: 2559. A Novel Approach to Interprofessional Education to Expand HIV Workforce Pipeline
2559. A Novel Approach to Interprofessional Education to Expand HIV Workforce Pipeline Open
Background Effective care for persons living with HIV (PLWH) requires a coordinated, multi-disciplinary approach that includes social workers, physicians, advanced practice providers, pharmacists, social workers and community outreach work…
View article: Lung Tissue Resident Memory T-Cells in the Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis
Lung Tissue Resident Memory T-Cells in the Immune Response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis Open
Despite widespread BCG vaccination and effective anti-TB drugs, Tuberculosis (TB) remains the leading cause of death from an infectious agent worldwide. Several recent publications give reasons to be optimistic about the possibility of a m…
View article: Author response: Transcriptional down-regulation of ccr5 in a subset of HIV+ controllers and their family members
Author response: Transcriptional down-regulation of ccr5 in a subset of HIV+ controllers and their family members Open
Article Figures and data Abstract Introduction Results Discussion Materials and methods Data availability References Decision letter Author response Article and author information Metrics Abstract HIV +Elite and Viremic controllers (EC/VCs…
View article: Type 3 ILCs in Lung Disease
Type 3 ILCs in Lung Disease Open
The lungs represent a complex immune setting, balancing external environmental signals with a poised immune response that must protect from infection, mediate tissue repair, and maintain lung function. Innate lymphoid cells (ILCs) play a c…