Explanipedia

Bending Strength of Finger-Jointed Lamellae from Laran Plantation Timber Species Open

Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari, Zakiah Ahmad, Ubai Na’im Syazani, Nur Izzatul Syazwani Md Badarudin, Norman Wong Shew Yam · 2025

In designing the engineered timber products such as glued laminated timber (glulam) and cross-laminated timber (CLT), the finger-jointed strength data for lamellae are required and mentioned in BS EN 14080:2013 and BS EN 16351: 2015, respe…

Innovative approaches to enhancing sustainability in the engineered wood processing industry in Malaysia Open

Nur Kamaliah Mustaffa, Zakiah Ahmad, Zadariana Jamil, Emmanuel Appiah‐Kubi, Nur Kamaliah Mustaffa · 2025

Structural-Sized Compression Grade Stresses Derived from Malaysian Tropical Hardwood Timber Open

Zakiah Ahmad, Anis Azmi, Nurul Izzatul Lydia Za’ba, Wei Chen Lum, Norshariza Mohamad Bhkar · 2025

Strength properties of Malaysian timbers are given in MS 544: Part 2. However, the strength properties specified in MS 544: Part 2 was derived from the assessment of small clear specimen. In recent decades, there has been a significant and…

Structural behavior of beam-to-column glued laminated timber connection using double steel plates Open

Yosafat Aji Pranata, Bambang Suryoatmono, Rohana Hassan, Olga Catherina Pattipawaej, Zakiah Ahmad · 2025

The structural performance of timber buildings is significantly affected by the behavior of connections. This study investigated the structural behavior of bolted glulam beam-to-column connections with external steel plates. Data were obta…

Development of finite element model for charring rate for solid timber from Malaysian tropical hardwood subjected to standard fire Open

Lannie Francis, Ahmad Beng Hong Kueh, Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari, Hafizah Muhamad Azlan, Zakiah Ahmad · 2025

Timber has natural fire resistance because of its predictable charring behavior. When subjected to high temperatures, timber undergoes pyrolysis, forming an insulating char layer that protects the inner structural core. Eurocode EN 1995-1-…

One-dimensional charring rate of Glulam manufactured from Malagangai (Potoxylon melagangai) species treated with fire retardant Open

Zulhazmee Bakri, Zakiah Ahmad, Atikah Fatma Md Daud, Simon Aicher · 2025

This study investigates the one-dimensional charring behavior of glued laminated timber (glulam) manufactured from Malagangai (Potoxylon melagangai) under standard fire exposure conditions. Specifically, the research evaluates the effectiv…

Assessment of Burnout and Job Satisfaction among Nurses Working in High-Stress Units of Tertiary Hospitals of Bahawalpur Open

Rehan Majeed, Arooj Fatima, Hira Andleeb, Arooba Fatima, Muhammad Danish , et al. · 2025

Background: Burnout among nurses in high-stress health care settings is a growing concern worldwide, significantly impacting both staff well-being and patient care. This study aimed to assess the levels of burnout and job satisfaction amon…

Optimizing Bonding Parameters for Glued Laminated Timber from Fast-Growing Laran Species Using Polyurethane Adhesive Open

Muhammad Amirul Akmal Rosli, Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari, Zakiah Ahmad, Ameera Amani Amrudin, Muhammad Bazli Faliq Mohd Puaad , et al. · 2025

THE Knowledge and Attitudes of Nurses Toward Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) in the Hospitals of District Bahawalpur Open

Abdul Rehman, Naveed Ahmed Khan, Ayesha Kanwal, Zakiah Ahmad, Umm e Aiman , et al. · 2025

Introduction: Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder impacting women’s reproductive, metabolic, and psychological health, yet awareness and management among healthcare professionals, especially nurses, remains inad…

Synthesis and characterization of <i>closo</i>-decahydrido-decaborate-phosphine mediated by palladium(0) complexes Open

Zakiah Ahmad, Marie Cordier, Daoud Naoufal, Christophe Darcel · 2025

A new, simple, efficient and selective preparation of apical mono-phosphino closo -decahydrido-decaborate [N( n -Bu) 4 ] 2 [1-B 10 H 9 PR 3 ] is reported starting from [N( n -Bu) 4 ] 2 [1-B 10 H 9 I], tertiary phosphines and Pd(0)-PR 3 und…

A Literature Survey on Advanced Insulation Material In Buildings Open

Talha Sabir, Syed Waqar Haider, Zakiah Ahmad, Ammar Yasir, Abdul Razaq · 2024

Insulating materials have an important role in maintaining the thermal efficiency of buildings by limiting heat transfer and energy consumption. This research explores the latest innovations in building insulation materials that can improv…

Characteristic strength of Gigantochloa scortechinii (or Buluh Semantan) of Malaysian species Open

Mohd Khairul Kamarudin, Zakiah Ahmad, Hazrina Mansor, Yazmin Sahol Hamid, Khairul Anuar Shahid , et al. · 2024

Bamboo has been identified as a future material for the primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors of the economy with reference to the Bamboo Industrial Development Action Plan in Malaysia 2021-2030 as bamboo is a natural material with high…

Optimisation of chemical treatment parameters for enhanced yield of cellulose nanofibres from Semantan Bamboo (Gigantochloa scortechinii) Open

Umar Hazim Muhd Fauzi, Nur Ilya Farhana Md Noh, Suffiyana Akhbar, Zakiah Ahmad, Rahida Wati Sharudin , et al. · 2024

Semantan bamboo (Gigantochloa scortechinii) is one of available bamboo in Malaysia and an ideal source for cellulose based nanofibres. However, research on this bamboo has been moderately studied. Therefore, this study conducted a direct a…

Effects of bolt diameter and loading direction on bearing and withdrawal resistance of half-threaded bolts in glued laminated timber Open

Ameera Amani Amrudin, Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari, Nur Ashiqin Haris Fadzilah, Rohana Hassan, Zakiah Ahmad , et al. · 2024

Timber connections were prepared using glulam from tropical plantation species, focusing on key properties for dowel-type joints with half threaded bolts without nuts: Bolt bearing strength and bolt withdrawal capacity. Tests were performe…

DEVELOPMENT OF A CORRELATION MODEL FOR TORSIONAL SHEAR MODULUS PROPERTIES BETWEEN STRUCTURAL SIZE SPECIMENS BASED ON EN 384:2016 AND SMALL CLEAR SPECIMENS (MS544: PART 2) Open

Muhammad Bazli Faliq Mohd Puaad, Zakiah Ahmad, Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari, Mohd Johan Mohamed Ibrahim, Narita Noh , et al. · 2024

In timber design, the shear modulus of beams is crucial for ensuring torsional stability and minimizing vibrational issues. Traditionally, the ratio of modulus of elasticity (E) to shear modulus (G) is assumed to be 16:1. However, bending …

Performance of GFRP Sheets in Strengthening Concrete Beams in Flexure Open

Sakhiah Abdul Kudus, Siti Hajar Aisyah Mohd Din, M. S. Haji Sheik Mohammed, V. Roopa, Zakiah Ahmad · 2024

Plain concrete beam repair and strengthening are increasingly important in structural strengthening and retrofitting. This study examines the glass fibre-reinforced polymer (GFRP) sheets in plain concrete beams under flexural behaviour by …

UNLEASHING THE POTENTIAL: INVESTIGATING TENSILE STRENGTH GRADE STRESSES IN STRUCTURAL-SIZED MALAYSIAN TROPICAL TIMBER IN ACCORDANCE TO BS EN 408 Open

Nurul Izzatul Lydia Za’ba, Zakiah Ahmad, Tengku Anita Raja Hussin, Anis Azmi, Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari , et al. · 2024

There is no direct measurement of tensile strength have been determined for Malaysian tropical hardwood. The usual approach is to consider the tensile strength of timber as 60% of the small clear specimen's bending strength values, as spec…

TIDAL LAND RICE FARMERS’ DECISION MAKING ON FORMAL AND NON-FORMAL CREDITS IN BANJAR REGENCY OF SOUTH KALIMANTAN, INDONESIA Open

Zakiah Ahmad, Hartoni Hartoni, P.S. Kobesi · 2023

Indonesia as a country with the main staple food is sourced from rice, but in recent years has experienced a decline in rice production. The decline is not only at the national level but also at the provincial and district levels. One of t…

Application of Weibull's Theory to Assess the Depth Effect of Malaysian Tropical Hardwoods According to Eurocode 5 Open

Nasroien Bambang Purwanto, Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari, Zakiah Ahmad, Rohana Hassan, Wei Chen Lum , et al. · 2023

The adoption of limit state design according to Eurocode 5 (EC5) has brought about design strength optimisation in design practices worldwide. However, the implementation of EC5 may not be suitable for Malaysian tropical timber species as …

Manufacturing Study on Different Glue Spread and Press Pressure for Glued Laminated Timber Made from Laran Open

Muhammad Amirul Akmal Rosli, Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari, Muhammad Muzammil Zuki, Wei Chen Lum, Anis Azmi , et al. · 2023

Amidst challenges such as dwindling timber log supply from natural forests, concerns about timber quality, and rising timber costs, the timber industry has increasingly turned to engineered lumber solutions, including glued laminated timbe…

Depth effect of tropical heavy hardwood of kekatong species towards EC5 using Weibull’s theory Open

Nasroien Bambang Purwanto, Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari, Wei Chen Lum, Zakiah Ahmad, Anis Azmi , et al. · 2023

The design practice has shifted from permissible stress design to limit state design using Eurocode 5 (EC5), which introduces design strength optimization. However, the adoption of EC5 in Malaysia cannot be done directly due to the absence…

Mechanical characterization of bamboo pole for building engineering: A review Open

Nurfariza Bahrin, Mohd Khairul Kamarudin, Hazrina Mansor, Y. Sahol-Hamid, Zakiah Ahmad , et al. · 2023

Bamboo is a sustainable and cost-effective alternative to traditional construction materials. Despite the fact that three species are well known for structural applications, namely Dendrocalamus asper, Gigantochloa scortechinii, and Gigant…

EFFECT OF ETHANOL TREATMENT ON SHRINKAGE OF OIL PALM TRUNK FOR THE DRYING PROCESS Open

Ahmad Fauzi Awang Othman, Mohd Fadzil Arshad, Zakiah Ahmad, Amran Shafie, Nur Hannani Abdul Latif , et al. · 2023

Oil palm trunk is one of the promising biomass materials due to the high volume of unused waste components and increasing worldwide demand to replace conventional wood. This study investigated the feasibility of using ethanol as a drying a…

Dynamic Molecular Simulation of Polyethylene/Organoclay Nanocomposites for Their Physical Properties and Foam Morphology Open

Rahida Wati Sharudin, Nik Salwani Md Azmi, Anuaruddin Hanizan, Suffiyana Akhbar, Zakiah Ahmad , et al. · 2023

Polyethylene materials are of great interest to be used in many applications due to their many advantageous characteristics. It is light, highly chemical resistant, easy to process, low in cost and has good mechanical properties. Polyethyl…

Mechanical Properties of Laminated Veneer Lumber (LVL) Fabricated from Three Malaysian Hardwood Species Open

Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari, Wei Chen Lum, Muhammad Shaiful Nordin, Nazatul Syuhada Zainal, Nurul Izzatul Lydia Za’ba , et al. · 2023

Theapplication of laminated veneer lumber (LVL) has long been limited to non-structural elements in Malaysia.LVL is commonly fabricated with veneer from low to medium density (290 to 630 kg/m3)softwood or temperate hardwood. The data on th…

Verification of Depth Adjustment Factor in Eurocode 5 for Tropical Hardwood Timbers Open

Adnie Baharin, Muhammad Amirul Akmal Rosli, Norshariza Mohamad Bhkari, Wei Chen Lum, Anis Azmi , et al. · 2023

The depth adjustment factor for bending strength stated in Eurocode 5 (EC5) is only applicable to timbers having a characteristic density below 700 kg/m 3 .However, most Malaysian timbers are hardwood, some with a characteristic density re…

Static bending performance on flatwise direction of Mengkulang and Kasai LVL beam in structural size Open

Nur Ilya Farhana Md Noh, Tan Khai Kim, Norshariza Md Bhkari, Zakiah Ahmad, Wei Chen Lum , et al. · 2023

Most of hardwoods in Malaysia is well known as strong and good as construction materials but listed under higher strength group which limited and expensive. Laminated veneer lumber (LVL) is one type of engineered wood product which display…

The Dynamic Linkages between CO2 Emissions, Energy Consumption and Economic Factors in ASEAN Countries Open

Nur Azwani Mohamad Azmin, Zakiah Ahmad, Rosman Mahmood, Ahmad Suffian Mohd Zahari, H Hendar · 2022

Over the past several decades, there has been tremendous expansion in both the global economy and population, with Asia leading the way. In accordance with this, the Association of Southeast Asian Nations (ASEAN) region has been on path to…

Effects of Poor Communication in the Construction Industry in Klang Valley, Malaysia Open

Brenda Loh Tze Quan, Nur Ilya Farhana Md Noh, Ng Jing Lin, Zakiah Ahmad, Lee Jin Chai , et al. · 2022

The construction industry is a risky and complex industry involving various parties characterized with different objectives, skills, cultures, and values. This requires effective communication management to facilitate interaction between t…

Effects of Unethical Behavior Among Professionals in Klang Valley Construction Industry Open

Sarah Wong Woei Lynn, Nur Ilya Farhana Md Noh, Salihah Surol, Zakiah Ahmad, Ng Jing Lin , et al. · 2022

Professionals are integral to the project. However, conflicts of interest among professional such as clients and contractors, project managers, architects play an important role in unethical practices that have an adverse effect in the con…

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