Z. Yan
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View article: Disentangling core and edge mechanisms of the density limit in DIII-D negative triangularity plasmas
Disentangling core and edge mechanisms of the density limit in DIII-D negative triangularity plasmas Open
The density limit is investigated in the DIII-D negative triangularity plasmas which lack a standard H-mode edge. We find the limit may not be a singular disruptive boundary but a multifaceted density saturation phenomenon governed by dist…
View article: Theoretical Simulation of Hydrazine Bisborane Thermolysis by Deep Potential Molecular Dynamics
Theoretical Simulation of Hydrazine Bisborane Thermolysis by Deep Potential Molecular Dynamics Open
Hydrazine bisborane (HBB) molecules has been considered a promising candidate for hydrogen storage in transportation applications; however, little is known about their thermolysis process and the underlying H 2 release mechanism. In this s…
View article: Measurements of the polarization of several instabilities in the DIII-D tokamak
Measurements of the polarization of several instabilities in the DIII-D tokamak Open
Recently, a method to infer the polarization of modes with frequencies much less than the ion cyclotron frequency was published (Du et al 2024 Phys. Rev. Lett. 132 215101). The method uses measurements of electron temperature and density f…
View article: Persistent global inequality in eye injury burden: a secondary analysis of the 2021 global burden of disease study (1990–2021)
Persistent global inequality in eye injury burden: a secondary analysis of the 2021 global burden of disease study (1990–2021) Open
Objectives Eye injury poses a significant challenge to the global burden of blindness. Using the Global Burden of Disease (GBD) database, this study aims to comprehensively assess the latest global burden of eye injury and examine its rela…
View article: Extracting the singularity of a logarithmic partition function to investigate quantum phase transitions
Extracting the singularity of a logarithmic partition function to investigate quantum phase transitions Open
In principle, the logarithm of a partition function and its derivatives can be used to rigorously determine the nature of phase transitions. However, this approach is often ineffective in numerical calculations in practice, since resolving…
View article: Operation above the Greenwald density limit in high performance DIII-D negative triangularity discharges
Operation above the Greenwald density limit in high performance DIII-D negative triangularity discharges Open
The density limit in strongly-shaped negative triangularity (NT) discharges is studied experimentally in the DIII-D tokamak. Record-high Greenwald fractions are obtained, using gas puff injection only, with values up to near 2, where …
View article: Turbulence suppression at extreme plasma densities on DIII-D and EAST
Turbulence suppression at extreme plasma densities on DIII-D and EAST Open
Recent high-poloidal-beta (high-βP) experiments on DIII-D and EAST have made coordinated breakthroughs for high confinement quality at high density near the Greenwald limit. Density gradient amplification of turbulence suppression at high …
View article: Investigation of magnetic fluctuations in L-H and H-L transition dynamics on DIII-D
Investigation of magnetic fluctuations in L-H and H-L transition dynamics on DIII-D Open
The dynamics of the L-H transition is not fully understood, with many parameters changing the threshold power to enter H-mode and the self-regulation between zonal flows and turbulence in the plasma edge. This paper is primarily a presenta…
View article: Experimental characterization of turbulence properties in negative triangularity DIII-D plasmas
Experimental characterization of turbulence properties in negative triangularity DIII-D plasmas Open
Negative Triangularity (NT) plasmas have demonstrated robustly ELM-free high-performance operation and provide a unique testbed to study how plasma shaping affects turbulent transport. The Beam Emission Spectroscopy (BES) diagnostic provid…
View article: Sublingual microrobotic pills for rapid and efficient drug delivery
Sublingual microrobotic pills for rapid and efficient drug delivery Open
A sublingual microrobotic pill embedded with magnesium microstirrers that accelerates drug release and transport by active propulsion mechanism, enhancing bioavailability.
View article: ELM-free enhanced D<b> <i>α</i> </b> H-mode with near zero NBI torque injection in DIII-D tokamak
ELM-free enhanced D<b> <i>α</i> </b> H-mode with near zero NBI torque injection in DIII-D tokamak Open
Enhanced Dα H-mode (EDA H-mode), an ELM-free H-mode regime, and the concomitant quasi-coherent mode (QCM) are explored in neutral beam heated, lower single null plasmas with near zero external torque injection. This regime exhibits good en…
View article: Manipulating density pedestal structure to improve core–edge integration towards low collisionality
Manipulating density pedestal structure to improve core–edge integration towards low collisionality Open
DIII-D experiments have achieved promising core–edge integrated plasma scenarios which combine a high-temperature low-collisionality pedestal (pedestal top temperature T e ,ped > 0.8 keV and collisionality ν * ped < 1) with a partially det…
View article: Understanding the L-H isotope effect at the DIII-D tokamak and advancements in synthetic turbulence diagnostics
Understanding the L-H isotope effect at the DIII-D tokamak and advancements in synthetic turbulence diagnostics Open
It is determined that while heat flux differences between hydrogen and deuterium isotope experiments result from natural differences in carbon impurity content at DIII-D, it is not the origin of the low to high confinement mode (L-H) trans…
View article: Turbulence link to L-mode, I-mode, and H-mode confinement in the DIII-D tokamak
Turbulence link to L-mode, I-mode, and H-mode confinement in the DIII-D tokamak Open
Understanding the physics of low-confinement (L-), improved-confinement (I-), and high-confinement (H-) modes is critical for fusion reactors. The finding herein reports observations of two types of turbulence coexisting near the L-mode ed…
View article: Broadening of the Divertor Heat Flux Profile in High Confinement Tokamak Fusion Plasmas with Edge Pedestals Limited by Turbulence in DIII-D
Broadening of the Divertor Heat Flux Profile in High Confinement Tokamak Fusion Plasmas with Edge Pedestals Limited by Turbulence in DIII-D Open
Multimachine empirical scaling predicts an extremely narrow heat exhaust layer in future high magnetic field tokamaks, producing high power densities that require mitigation. In the experiments presented, the width of this exhaust layer is…
View article: Inter-ELM pedestal turbulence dynamics dependence on q<sub>95</sub> and temperature gradient
Inter-ELM pedestal turbulence dynamics dependence on q<sub>95</sub> and temperature gradient Open
A series of dedicated experiments from the DIII-D tokamak provide spatially and temporally resolved measurements of electron density and temperature, and multiscale and multichannel fluctuations over a wide range of conditions. Measurement…
View article: First Measurement of Drift-Alfvén Wave Polarization in Magnetically Confined Fusion Plasmas
First Measurement of Drift-Alfvén Wave Polarization in Magnetically Confined Fusion Plasmas Open
Polarization of drift-Alfvén waves, defined as the ratio of electrostatic to electromagnetic fluctuations, has remained unmeasurable in fusion plasmas for decades, despite its pivotal role in understanding wave dynamics and their impact on…
View article: Decoupling of peeling and ballooning thresholds for pedestal stability and reduction in ELM frequency via enhanced turbulence with edge electron cyclotron heating in DIII-D
Decoupling of peeling and ballooning thresholds for pedestal stability and reduction in ELM frequency via enhanced turbulence with edge electron cyclotron heating in DIII-D Open
The edge localized mode (ELM) frequency ( f ELM ) decreased by 63% when electron cyclotron heating (ECH) deposition location is shifted from ρ = 0.4 to ρ = 0.8 in DIII-D discharges where the power ratio between neutral beam injection (NBI)…
View article: Statistical analysis of magnetic divertor configuration influence on H-mode transitions
Statistical analysis of magnetic divertor configuration influence on H-mode transitions Open
DIII-D plasmas are compared for two upper divertor configurations: with the outer strike point on the small angle slot (SAS) divertor target and with the outer strike point on the horizontal divertor target (HT). Scanning the vertical dist…
View article: Simultaneous reproduction of experimental profiles, fluxes, transport coefficients, and turbulence characteristics via nonlinear gyrokinetic profile predictions in a DIII-D ITER similar shape plasma
Simultaneous reproduction of experimental profiles, fluxes, transport coefficients, and turbulence characteristics via nonlinear gyrokinetic profile predictions in a DIII-D ITER similar shape plasma Open
Experimental conditions obtained on the DIII-D tokamak in the ITER Similar Shape (ISS) have been compared extensively with nonlinear gyrokinetic simulation using the CGYRO code [Candy et al., J. Comput. Phys. 324, 73–93 (2016)] with compar…
View article: Broadening of the Divertor Heat Flux Profile in High Confinement Tokamak Fusion Plasmas with Edge Pedestals Limited by Turbulence in DIII-D
Broadening of the Divertor Heat Flux Profile in High Confinement Tokamak Fusion Plasmas with Edge Pedestals Limited by Turbulence in DIII-D Open
Multi-machine empirical scaling predicts an extremely narrow heat exhaust layer in future high magnetic field tokamaks, producing high power densities that require mitigation. In the experiments presented, the width of this exhaust layer i…
View article: ELM-free Enhanced Dα H-mode with Near Zero NBI Torque Injection in DIII-D Tokamak
ELM-free Enhanced Dα H-mode with Near Zero NBI Torque Injection in DIII-D Tokamak Open
Enhanced $D_α$ H-mode (EDA H-mode), an ELM-free H-mode regime, is explored in neutral beam heated, lower single null plasmas with near zero torque injection. This regime exhibits a good energy confinement ($\mathrm{H}_{\mathrm{98y2}}$ $\si…
View article: Gyrokinetic simulation of pedestal degradation correlated with enhanced magnetic turbulence in a DIII-D ELMy H-mode discharge
Gyrokinetic simulation of pedestal degradation correlated with enhanced magnetic turbulence in a DIII-D ELMy H-mode discharge Open
Gyrokinetic simulation of a dedicated pedestal density ramping-up discharge on DIII-D can reproduce the enhancement of magnetic turbulence in the pedestal, which is identified to be caused by micro-tearing modes (MTMs). An increase of MTM …
View article: A quasi-dynamic one-equation model with joint constraints of kinetic energy and helicity fluxes for large eddy simulation of rotating turbulence
A quasi-dynamic one-equation model with joint constraints of kinetic energy and helicity fluxes for large eddy simulation of rotating turbulence Open
For settling the problem with rotating turbulence modelling, a quasi-dynamic one-equation subgrid-scale (SGS) model is proposed in this paper. Considering the key role of the joint cascade of kinetic energy and helicity in rotating turbule…
View article: Experimental Validation of a Kinetic Ballooning Mode in High-Performance High-Bootstrap Current Fraction Fusion Plasmas
Experimental Validation of a Kinetic Ballooning Mode in High-Performance High-Bootstrap Current Fraction Fusion Plasmas Open
We report the observation of a set of coherent high frequency electromagnetic fluctuations that leads to a turbulence induced self-regulating phenomenon in the DIII-D high bootstrap current fraction plasma. The fluctuations have frequency …
View article: On the origin of the DIII-D L-H power threshold isotope effect
On the origin of the DIII-D L-H power threshold isotope effect Open
The increased low to high confinement mode (L to H-mode) power threshold in DIII-D low collisionality hydrogen plasmas (compared to deuterium) is shown to result from lower impurity (carbon) content, consistent with reduced (mass-dep…
View article: Characterization of mesoscopic turbulent transport events with long-radial-range correlation in DIII-D H-mode plasmas
Characterization of mesoscopic turbulent transport events with long-radial-range correlation in DIII-D H-mode plasmas Open
A dimensionless collisionality scan has been performed in H-mode plasmas on DIII-D tokamak, with detailed measurements of intermediate-to-high wavenumber turbulence using Doppler backscattering systems. It is found that the shorter wavelen…