Zheng Cai
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View article: Tantalizing Evidence of Reionization Relics in the eBOSS DR16 Lyα Forest Correlations: a Preference for Early Reionization
Tantalizing Evidence of Reionization Relics in the eBOSS DR16 Lyα Forest Correlations: a Preference for Early Reionization Open
Cosmic reionization of H i leaves enduring relics in the post-reionization intergalactic medium, potentially influencing the Lyman-α (Lyα) forest down to redshifts as low as z ≈ 2, which is the so-called “memory of reionization” effect. He…
View article: A Metal-free Galaxy at <i>z</i> = 3.19? Evidence of Late Population III Star Formation at Cosmic Noon
A Metal-free Galaxy at <i>z</i> = 3.19? Evidence of Late Population III Star Formation at Cosmic Noon Open
Star formation from metal-free gas, the hallmark of the first generation of Population III (Pop III) stars, was long assumed to occur only in the very early Universe. We report the discovery of Metal-Pristine Galaxy COSMOS Redshift 3 (MPG-…
View article: MAMMOTH-MOSFIRE: Environmental Effects on Galaxy Interstellar Medium at <i>z</i> ∼ 2
MAMMOTH-MOSFIRE: Environmental Effects on Galaxy Interstellar Medium at <i>z</i> ∼ 2 Open
The MAMMOTH-MOSFIRE program is a deep Keck/MOSFIRE K -band spectroscopic follow-up of emission-line galaxies identified in the MAMMOTH-Grism Hubble Space Telescope/wide-field camera 3 G141 slitless spectroscopic survey, targeting the core …
View article: First Data Release of the Merian Survey: A Wide-field Imaging Survey of Dwarf Galaxies at <i>z</i> ∼ 0.06–0.10
First Data Release of the Merian Survey: A Wide-field Imaging Survey of Dwarf Galaxies at <i>z</i> ∼ 0.06–0.10 Open
We present an overview of the Merian Survey and its forthcoming first data release (DR1), an optical imaging survey optimized for studying bright-star-forming dwarf galaxies. Merian uses two medium-band filters (N708 and N540, centered at …
View article: HiProbe-VAD: Video Anomaly Detection via Hidden States Probing in Tuning-Free Multimodal LLMs
HiProbe-VAD: Video Anomaly Detection via Hidden States Probing in Tuning-Free Multimodal LLMs Open
Video Anomaly Detection (VAD) aims to identify and locate deviations from normal patterns in video sequences. Traditional methods often struggle with substantial computational demands and a reliance on extensive labeled datasets, thereby r…
View article: Active correction technique for segmented sub-mirrors using multi-point radial-axial hybrid force actuation (MP-RHFACT)
Active correction technique for segmented sub-mirrors using multi-point radial-axial hybrid force actuation (MP-RHFACT) Open
To advance surface error correction and high-precision surface shape maintenance in large-aperture segmented telescopes, this study introduces the multi-point radial-axial hybrid force-driven active correction technique (MP-RHFACT) for sub…
View article: Insights on metal enrichment and environmental effects at <i>z</i> ≈ 5–7 with JWST ASPIRE/EIGER and the chemical evolution model
Insights on metal enrichment and environmental effects at <i>z</i> ≈ 5–7 with JWST ASPIRE/EIGER and the chemical evolution model Open
We present the mass–metallicity relation (MZR) for a parent sample of 604 galaxies at z = 5.34 − 6.94 with [O III ] doublets detected that was obtained from the deep JWST/NIRCam wide field slitless spectroscopic (WFSS) observations in 26 q…
View article: Active Galactic Nuclei in the Extremely Overdense Galaxy Region BOSS 1441: A Chandra Observation
Active Galactic Nuclei in the Extremely Overdense Galaxy Region BOSS 1441: A Chandra Observation Open
We present a Chandra/ACIS-I study of X-ray sources in BOSS 1441, a protocluster at z = 2.32 ± 0.02 that exhibits a prominent overdensity of Ly α emitters (LAEs). Using a 45 ks observation, we identify seven X-ray sources spatially coincide…
View article: A 13 Billion Year View of Galaxy Growth: Metallicity Gradient Evolution from the Local Universe to <i>z</i> = 9 with JWST and Archival Surveys
A 13 Billion Year View of Galaxy Growth: Metallicity Gradient Evolution from the Local Universe to <i>z</i> = 9 with JWST and Archival Surveys Open
Galaxy gas-phase metallicity gradients have been extensively studied over the past four decades, both in the local and in the high-redshift Universe, as they trace the baryon cycle and growth of galaxies. With the unprecedented spatial res…
View article: Oxyster: A Circumgalactic Low-ionization Oxygen Nebula next to a Starburst Galaxy at <i>z</i> ∼ 1
Oxyster: A Circumgalactic Low-ionization Oxygen Nebula next to a Starburst Galaxy at <i>z</i> ∼ 1 Open
Extended emission line nebulae around galaxies or active galactic nuclei (AGNs) provide a unique window to investigate the galactic ecosystem through the circumgalactic medium (CGM). Using Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam narrowband imaging and sp…
View article: The Role of Population III Star Tidal Disruption Events in Black Hole Growth at the Cosmic Dawn
The Role of Population III Star Tidal Disruption Events in Black Hole Growth at the Cosmic Dawn Open
The discovery of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at high redshifts has intensified efforts to understand their early formation and rapid growth during the cosmic dawn. Using a semi-analytical cosmological framework, we investigate the rol…
View article: Design of Mn(1,4-DO2A) derivatives as stable and inert contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging
Design of Mn(1,4-DO2A) derivatives as stable and inert contrast agents for magnetic resonance imaging Open
Manganese(II) is considered a valuable alternative to gadolinium(III) in developing contrast agents (CAs) for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). However, due to the labile nature of common Mn(II) complexes, designing ligands that enable sta…
View article: Testing the AGN unified model with simulated emission lines from the circumgalactic medium (CGM)
Testing the AGN unified model with simulated emission lines from the circumgalactic medium (CGM) Open
The CGM around unobscured AGN has received much attention in recent years. Comparatively, nebulae associated with obscured AGN are less studied. Here, we simulate the Lyα, Hα, and He ii nebulae around the two types of AGN at z = 2 − 3 with…
View article: Diffusion Models for Time Series Forecasting: A Survey
Diffusion Models for Time Series Forecasting: A Survey Open
Diffusion models, initially developed for image synthesis, demonstrate remarkable generative capabilities. Recently, their application has expanded to time series forecasting (TSF), yielding promising results. Existing surveys on time seri…
View article: JWST/MIRI Reveals the True Number Density of Massive Galaxies in the Early Universe
JWST/MIRI Reveals the True Number Density of Massive Galaxies in the Early Universe Open
Early JWST studies reporting an unexpected abundance of massive galaxies at z ∼ 5–8 challenge galaxy formation models in the ΛCDM framework. Previous stellar mass ( M ⋆ ) estimates suffered from large uncertainties due to the lack of rest-…
View article: Introduction to the Chinese Space Station Survey Telescope (CSST)
Introduction to the Chinese Space Station Survey Telescope (CSST) Open
The Chinese Space Station Survey Telescope (CSST) is an upcoming Stage-IV sky survey telescope, distinguished by its large field of view (FoV), high image quality, and multi-band observation capabilities. It can simultaneously conduct prec…
View article: A 13-Billion-Year View of Galaxy Growth: Metallicity Gradient Evolution from the Local Universe to $z=9$ with JWST and Archival Surveys
A 13-Billion-Year View of Galaxy Growth: Metallicity Gradient Evolution from the Local Universe to $z=9$ with JWST and Archival Surveys Open
The galaxy gas-phase metallicity gradients have been extensively studied over the past four decades, both in the local and high-redshift universe, as they trace the baryon cycle and growth of galaxies. With the unprecedented spatial resolu…
View article: Cosmic Himalayas: The Highest Quasar Density Peak Identified in a 10,000 deg<sup>2</sup> Sky with Spatial Discrepancies between Galaxies, Quasars, and IGM H<scp> i</scp>
Cosmic Himalayas: The Highest Quasar Density Peak Identified in a 10,000 deg<sup>2</sup> Sky with Spatial Discrepancies between Galaxies, Quasars, and IGM H<span> i</span> Open
We report the identification of a quasar overdensity in the BOSSJ0210 field, dubbed the Cosmic Himalayas, consisting of 11 quasars at z = 2.16−2.20, the densest overdensity of quasars (17 σ ) in the ∼10,000 deg 2 of the Sloan Digital Sky S…
View article: Narrowband Imaging of a <i>z</i> = 3.24 Protocluster: Insights from [O <scp>iii</scp>]-emitting Galaxies
Narrowband Imaging of a <i>z</i> = 3.24 Protocluster: Insights from [O <span>iii</span>]-emitting Galaxies Open
We present narrowband imaging of a spectroscopically confirmed protocluster “D4UD01” at z = 3.24 using CFHT/WIRCam. We identify a sample of 24 [O iii ] emission-line galaxies in the field, which forms a large overdensity in the protocluste…
View article: Probing the He <scp>ii</scp> Reionization ERA via Absorbing C <scp>iv</scp> Historical Yield (HIERACHY). III. The C <scp>iv</scp> Absorber Catalog and Initial Results on Cosmic Abundance Evolution at <i>z</i> ≈ 3–5
Probing the He <span>ii</span> Reionization ERA via Absorbing C <span>iv</span> Historical Yield (HIERACHY). III. The C <span>iv</span> Absorber Catalog and Initial Results on Cosmic Abundance Evolution at <i>z</i> ≈ 3–5 Open
As part of the HIERACHY program, we collect the high signal-to-noise ratio and high-spectral resolution optical spectra of 25 quasars at z ≈ 4–5 to constrain the C iv evolution at z ≈ 3–5. In this paper, we report a catalog of 626 (1263) C…
View article: The Role of Population III Star Tidal Disruption Events in Black Hole Growth at the Cosmic Dawn
The Role of Population III Star Tidal Disruption Events in Black Hole Growth at the Cosmic Dawn Open
The discovery of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) at high redshifts has intensified efforts to understand their early formation and rapid growth during the cosmic dawn. Using a semi-analytical cosmological framework, we investigate the rol…
View article: Tracing the Evolution of the Cool Gas in CGM and IGM Environments through Mg <scp>ii</scp> Absorption from Redshift <i>z</i> = 0.75 to <i>z</i> = 1.65 Using DESI-Y1 Data
Tracing the Evolution of the Cool Gas in CGM and IGM Environments through Mg <span>ii</span> Absorption from Redshift <i>z</i> = 0.75 to <i>z</i> = 1.65 Using DESI-Y1 Data Open
We present a measurement of the mean absorption of cool gas traced by Mg ii ( λλ 2796, 2803) around emission line galaxies (ELGs), spanning spatial scales from 20 kpc to 10 Mpc. The measurement is based on crossmatching the positions ELGs …
View article: Narrowband Imaging of a z=3.24 Protocluster: Insights from [O III] Emitting Galaxies
Narrowband Imaging of a z=3.24 Protocluster: Insights from [O III] Emitting Galaxies Open
We present a narrowband imaging on a spectroscopically confirmed protocluster ``D4UD01'' at z=3.24 using CFHT/WIRCam. We identify a sample of 24 [O III] emission line galaxies in the field, which forms a large overdensity in the protoclust…
View article: The Luminosity Function and Clustering of H$α$ Emitting Galaxies at $z\approx4-6$ from a Complete NIRCam Grism Redshift Survey
The Luminosity Function and Clustering of H$α$ Emitting Galaxies at $z\approx4-6$ from a Complete NIRCam Grism Redshift Survey Open
We study the luminosity function (LF) and clustering properties of 888 H$α$ emitters (HAEs) at $3.75 < z < 6$ in the GOODS-N field. The sample, built from JWST CONGRESS and FRESCO NIRCam grism surveys using a novel redshift assignment algo…
View article: Bridging Quasars and Little Red Dots: Insights into Broad-Line AGNs at $z=5-8$ from the First JWST COSMOS-3D Dataset
Bridging Quasars and Little Red Dots: Insights into Broad-Line AGNs at $z=5-8$ from the First JWST COSMOS-3D Dataset Open
We report the discovery of 13 broad-line AGNs at $z = 5 - 8$ from the first 10% data of the JWST Cycle 3 Treasury Program COSMOS-3D. These AGNs are identified by their broad H$α$ or H$β$ emission lines through the NIRCam grism wide-field s…
View article: Co-Fermentation of Lactobacillus Plantarum and Lactobacillus Casei Improves In Vitro Antioxidant Capacity and Quality of Apple Juice
Co-Fermentation of Lactobacillus Plantarum and Lactobacillus Casei Improves In Vitro Antioxidant Capacity and Quality of Apple Juice Open
The aim of this research was to obtain an apple juice with a strong antioxidant effect through the fermentation of mixed lactic acid bacteria. Lactobacillus plantarum and Lactobacillus casei were selected and combined as fermentation strai…
View article: Slitless Areal Pure-Parallel HIgh-Redshift Emission Survey (SAPPHIRES): Early Data Release of Deep JWST/NIRCam Images and Spectra in MACS J0416 Parallel Field
Slitless Areal Pure-Parallel HIgh-Redshift Emission Survey (SAPPHIRES): Early Data Release of Deep JWST/NIRCam Images and Spectra in MACS J0416 Parallel Field Open
We present the early data release (EDR) of SAPPHIRES, a JWST Cycle-3 Treasury imaging and spectroscopic survey using the powerful NIRCam wide-field slitless spectroscopic (WFSS) mode in pure parallel. SAPPHIRES will obtain NIRCam imaging a…